AP World History - Where is Jenne-Jeno?
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Jenne-Jeno (also Djenn-Jno) is the original site of Djenn, Mali and considered to be among the oldest urbanized centers in sub-Saharan Africa.
Visite de Djenné / Visit of Djenne (Mali)
Djenné (also Dienné or Jenne) is a historically and commercially important small city in the Niger Inland Delta of central Mali. It is just west of the Bani River (the Niger River passes well to the west and north). It has an ethnically diverse population of about 12,000 (in 1987). It is famous for its mud brick (adobe) architecture, most notably the Great Mosque of Djenné which was rebuilt in 1907. In the past, Djenné was a centre of trade and learning, and has been conquered a number of times since its founding. It is the oldest known city in sub-Saharan Africa, and its historic city center was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1988. Administratively it is part of the Mopti Region.
Djenné was founded in about 800 CE by the Bozo people at a site known as Jenné-Jeno, 1.5 km upstream. It moved its site in either 1043 or the 13th century, when the city converted to Islam. This increased its importance as a market and a base for trans-Saharan trade, soon rivalling Timbuktu.
Djenné, despite its proximity, was never part of the Mali Empire. It existed as an independent city-state protected by walls and the geography of the inland delta. According to legend, the Mali Empire attempted to conquer the city 99 times before giving up. Djenné would not be conquered until 1473 by the Songhai Empire under Sonni Ali. The siege of Djenné is said to have lasted 7 months and 7 days culminating in the death of the city's king and its capitulation. The widow of the city married Sonni Ali, and peace was restored. In 1591, Morocco conquered the city after destroying Songhai's hold in the region. By the 1600s, Djenné had become a thriving centre of trade and learning. Caravans from Djenné frequented southern trading towns like Begho, Bono Manso, and Bonduku.
The city continued to change hands several times. Djenné was part of the Segou kingdom from 1670 to 1818, Massina under the Fulani ruler Amadou Lobbo from 1818 to 1861, and the Toucouleur Empire under Umar Tall from 1861 to 1893. The French finally conquered the city that year. During this period, trade declined and the city's importance with it.
Attractions include the tomb of Tupama Djenepo, who in legend was sacrificed on the founding of the city, and the remains of Jenné-Jeno, a major city from the 3rd century BC until the 13th century.
Approximately eight hours by road from Bamako, Djenné is notable in that it becomes an island when the rivers rise at the end of the rainy season. However, problems of a different nature were reported in 2008 when it was said that Djenné was drying up because of a controversial dam, completed in 2007, across the Bani River at Talo, about 150 km upstream.[2] The weekly market, when buyers and sellers converge on the town from the surrounding regions, is a key tourist attraction. (wikipedia)
VALPARD FILMS
Djenné/Mali Kurzfilm August 2006 djenne
Mit Touristenguides Dafou Sao und Hamid Cisse durch die Altstadt von Djenne/Mali/Westafrika. UNESCOWeltkulturerbestätte Grand Mosque Moschee von Djenné jenne jeno tapama Montagsmarkt Binnendelta Niger Bani
Simulating Trade in the Ancient African City, Jenne Jeno
Third grade social studies students participate in an exercise on trade practices in the ancient African city of Jenne-Jeno.
Mali - 2007
Tri p through Mali, visiting Bamako, Mopti, Djenne, Jenne-Jeno, Sangha, Dogon Region and the Taureg people of Timbuktu
WEST AFRICAN SUDANO SAHELIAN ARCHITECTURE
Contrary to popular belief, Africa is a continent rich with numerous architectural traditions, among the most notable being the Sudano Sahelian style, spread across West Africa.
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The Mud Traditional Architecture of the Sudan and Saudi Arabia: The Difference In Employment Techniques - Ahmed Ibrahim & Osman Ahmed
The Inland Niger Delta before the Empire of Mali: Evidence from Jenne-Jeno - Robert J. Mcintosh & Susan Keech Mcintosh
An Introduction to Indigenous African Architecture Labelle Prussin The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol. 33, No. 3. (Oct., 1974), pp. 182-205. - Labelle Prussin
Issues of Cultural Conservation and Tourism Development in the Process of World Heritage Development - Oussouby Sacko
Bricks and Urbanism in the Indus Valley rise and decline - Aurangzeb Kahn & Carsten Lemmen
Mudbricks and the Process Construction in the Middle Bronze Age Southern Levant - Robert S. Homsher
Old Walled City of Shibam - UNESCO
Thermal Behaviour of Adobe Constructions - Mariah Parrah & William Batty
Chapter Title: The Djenné Mosque World Heritage and Social Renewal in a West African Town Chapter Author(s) - Trevor H.J. Marchand
Masons of Djenne - Trevor Hugh James Marchand
Dictionary of Islamic Architecture - Andrew Peterson
Archaeology and Mud Wall Decay in a West African Village - Roderick J Mcintosh
Maximizing Mud: Lofty Reinforced-Mud Domes Built with the Assistance of Supernatural Powers in Hausaland - Susan B. Aradeon
Fulani-Hausa Architecture - Labelle Prussin
The Architecture of Islam in West Africa - Labelle Prussin
West African Earthworks - Labelle Prussin
The Archaeology of Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review - Timothy Insol
West African Mud Architecture: Frobenius Institute Research - Eike Haberland
DEVELOPMENT OF TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE IN NIGERIA: A CASE
STUDY OF HAUSA HOUSE FORM - Oluwagbemiga Paul Agboola, Modi Sule Zango
Djenne-Djeno Mali Empire
By Destiny Rodney Robert And Jovan
Roderick McIntosh - Why Study African Cities?
Roderick James McIntosh is Professor of Anthropology at Yale University (New Haven, CT), Curator-in-Charge of Anthropology at the Peabody Museum, New Haven, and Honorary Distinguished Professor of Archaeology at the University of Pretoria (South Africa). He received his Ph.D from the University of Cambridge.
His major interests include African and Old World comparative prehistory, the origin of authority in complex society, urbanism, geomorphology and palaeoclimate. For the past thirty-five years he has looked comparatively at the urban landscapes of the great Niger and Senegal floodplains, including co-directorship of investigations at Jenne-jeno, sub-Saharan Africa's oldest city.
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Destiny, Rodney, Robert, and Jovan Djenne-Djeno and Mali empire
The Mali Empire and the Djenne Djeno
Lost History: the terracotta sculpture of Djenné Djenno
Seated figure, 13th century, Mali, Inland Niger Delta (Djenné peoples), terracotta, 25.4 x 29.9cm (The Metropolitan Museum of Art)
ARCHES: At Risk Cultural Heritage Education Series
Speakers: Dr. Kristina Van Dyke and Dr. Steven Zucker
Empire of Mali
7th period History Project
by Annie, Calhan, and Mason
Art of the Inland Niger Delta Region - Part One
A presentation on the art of the inland niger delta region with special emphasis on the art of Djenne-djenno and Bamana.
Original script. Audio clips by Air and Zero7. Photos gathered from A History of Art in Africa second edition and the Internet. Completed for the Pomona College class, History of Art in Africa.
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World: The Great Mosque of Djenné | The New York Times
The Great Mosque of Djenné, Mali, is a magnet for tourists, but it is increasingly difficult for locals to live a normal life around it.
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World: The Great Mosque of Djenné | The New York Times
Basic African History Episode 5
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Holl, Augustin F.C. (2009). Coping with uncertainty: Neolithic life in the Dhar Tichitt-Walata, Mauritania, (ca. 4000–2300 BP). Comptes Rendus Geoscience. 341 (8–9): 703–712. doi:10.1016/j.crte.2009.04.005.
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Mcintosh, Susan Keech; Mcintosh, Roderick J. (February 1980). Jenne-Jeno: An Ancient African City. Archaeology. 33 (1): 8–14.
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Fagg, Bernard. 1969. Recent work in west Africa: New light on the Nok culture. World Archaeology 1(1): 41–50.
Breunig, P. (ed.) (2014). Nok. African Sculpture in Archaeological Context. Frankfurt: Africa Magna Verlag. ISBN 978-3-937248-46-2
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History of Africa by Kevin Shillington