Upper Slaughter The Cotswolds Gloucestershire.
Upper Slaughter is a village in the English county of Gloucestershire located in the Cotswold district located 4 miles (6.4 km) south west of the town of Stow-on-the-Wold. Nearby places include Lower Slaughter, Bourton-on-the-Water and Daylesford.
The village is built on both banks of the River Eye. The Anglican parish church is dedicated to St. Peter.
Upper Slaughter was identified by author Arthur Mee as one of 32 Thankful Villages, although more recent work suggests a total of 52. This term referred to the small number of villages in England and Wales which had lost no men in World War I, and was popularised by Mee in the 1930s. In Enchanted Land (1936), the introductory volume to The King's England series of guides, he wrote that a Thankful Village was one which had lost no men in the Great War because all those who left to serve came home again. Although the village was subject to an air raid, it also lost no men in World War II, an honour held by only 14 villages, collectively known as the Doubly Thankful Villages.
Aerial Coln St Aldwins 0800 0122356
Aerial Coln St Aldwins call AKM Aerials on 0800 0122356
Video of AKM Aerials in Coln St Aldwins
French [aka 'Dundee'] (Heaton: Ending A) LBBB/Allen
The LANCASTER BRITISH BRASS BAND under Professor Stephen Arthur Allen perform the meditation FRENCH by WILFRED HEATON (also known as the tune DUNDEE) often set to the words God moves in a mysterious way/His wonders to perform, at St. Peter's Church, Lancaster at the end of their 2019 season. This performance uses ending A - if you would like to hear ending B click here:
The band were:
LANCASTER BRITISH BRASS BAND
Professor Stephen Arthur Allen - Musical Director
Douglas Albert - soprano cornet Eb
Dr. Chris Campbell - principal solo cornet
Pricilla C. King - solo cornet
Curtis Palmer - solo cornet
Gene Clark - solo cornet
Paul Belser Jnr - solo cornet
Robert Belser Jr. - repiano cornet
Jason blome - 2nd cornet
Martin Hinkley - 2nd cornet
Maria Carvell - 3rd cornet
Dan Kerr - 3rd cornet
Scott Loose - flugel horn
Kristen Albert - solo horn
Deanna Grager - 1st horn
Lori Groff - 2nd horn
Jim Ziegler - 1st baritone
Robert Woodbridge - 2nd baritone
John Metcalf - solo euphonium
Mark Brumbach - 1st euphonium
Rick Staherski - 1st trombone
Jim Erdman - 2nd trombone
Ernie Lightfoot - bass trombone
Ken Kemmerer - Eb bass tuba
Steve Holgate - Eb bass tuba
George McBlane - Bb bass tuba
Geoff Davis - Bb bass tuba
Brian Doherty - percussion (kit)
Brian Holt - percussion
Peg Schaeffer - percussion
Judd Brill - timpani
Video: Ella Davis
Robert Spencer: The History of Jihad
Robert Spencer's latest book is The History of Jihad: From Muhammad to ISIS, available at .
Robert Spencer is the Director of Jihad Watch and a Shillman Fellow at the David Horowitz Freedom Center. He is the author of eighteen books, including The New York Times bestsellers The Politically Incorrect Guide to Islam (and The Crusades) (Regnery Publishing) and The Truth About Muhammad (Regnery Publishing). His latest book is The History of Jihad from Muhammad to ISIS (Bombardier Books).
Spencer has led seminars on Islam and Jihad for the FBI, the United States Central Command, the United States Army Command and Genera Staff College, the U.S. Army Asymmetric Warfare Group, the Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF), the Justice Department’s Antiterrorism Advisory Council, and the U.S. intelligence community. He had discussed Islam, Jihad, and terrorism at a workshop sponsored by the U.S. State Department and the German Foreign Ministry. He is a consultant with the Center for Security Policy.
Spencer is a weekly columnist for PJ Media and FrontPage Magazine, and had written many hundreds of articles about Jihad and Islamic terrorism.
#Jihad #History #ISIS
History: UKRAINE
Crimea:
Cossacks helped Russia get Crimea from Turkey 39:43
Donbas (East) 56:55
Crimea turned over to Ukraine 2:16:28
Russia 12:46 / 31:16
UKRAINE - THE BIRTH OF A NATION (2008) / A Jerzy Hoffman Film
1:34 Kyiv (401 - 500)
2:16 Byzantium (330–1453)
2:45 Princess Olga (890 - 969) adopted Christianity
3:28 Chersonesus in Crimea
4:06 Volodymyr the Great (958 - 1015)
4:29 Prince Yaroslav the Wise (978 - 1054)
4:39 Saint Sophia's Cathedral (1100)
5:31 Anna the Queen of France (1030 – 1075)
6:41 Volodymyr II Monomakh (1053-1125)
7:20 Yuri Dolgorukiy (1099 - 1157)
7:26 Moscow
7:37 The Mongols
10:16 The Principality of Galicia–Volhynia or Kingdom of Rus
10:49 Lviv
12:37 Ivan III of Russia (1440-1505)
12:46 The myth about Russia
13:07 Crimea
13:53 Roxolana (1502 – 1558)
15:20 serfdom (Polish oppression)
15:40 printing press
17:14 Zaporizhian Sich
18:33 Ukraine replaces the name Rus
18:40 cossack
20:15 Brest Union
20:18 The uniates
21:08 Hetman Sagaidachny (1570 - 1622)
23:05 Orthodoxy
23:28 Yarema Vyshnevetsky (1612 – 1651)
23:31 Catholicism
24:54 Bohdan Khmelnytsky (1595 – 1657)
30:04 The Pereyaslav Council -------------------------------------------------1654
34:39 Ivan Mazepa (1639 - 1709)
37:06 The Battle of Poltava on 27 June 1709
40:11 Zaporizhian Sich (1552-1709)
40:27 Solovki
French Revolution--------------------------------------------------------------------- 1789
47:03 Dumy - historical ballads
48:18 Greek Catholic Church banned
48:49 Kyiv University (1833)
49:48 The Order of Basilian Fathers
50:55 Taras Shevchenko (1814 - 1861) (age 47)
54:57 Blue and yellow banner
55:45 The Cyril and Methodius Brotherhood
56:32 national liberation movement
56:55 Crimean War ----------------------------------------------------- 1853 to 1856
57:07 Alexander II (1818 - 1881) abolished serfdom
57:26 city of Donetsk (1868)
58:56 Green wedge
59:23 Volodymyr Antonovych (1834 - 1908)
59:28 Mykhailo Drahomanov (1841-1895 )
1:00:42 Lesya Ukrainka (1871 - 1913) (aged 42)
1:02:13 The Shevchenko Scientific Society (1873 )
1:11:03 Mykhailo Hrushevsky
1:03:27 Ivan Franko (1856 - 1916)
1:04:22 History of Ukraine-Ruthenia
1:04:49 Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky (1865 - 1944) 1:45:42
1:06:31 World War I------------------------------------------------------------------1914
1:07:32 Dmitro Dontsov (1883 - 1973)
1:07:57 (1914) Russian occupation
1:11:24 Symon Petliura
1:11:24 West Ukrainian People's Republic
1:19:27 Ukrainian Galician Army
1:23:30 Nestor Makhno
1:30:48 The Russian famine ----------------------------------------------------1921
1:41:21 Ukr National Democratic Alliance, (UNDO)
1:42:20 Ukr Sich Riflemen
1:42:43 (UVO) Ukr Military Organization
1:42:51 Yevhen Konovalets
1:43:10 Dmytro Dontsov
1:44:01 The Organization of Ukr Nationalists (OUN)
1:44:52 (1933) Stepan Bandera head of OUN
1:47:07 Avgustyn Voloshyn
1:47:33 Melnyk's and Bandera's
1:39:06 collectivization (1939)
1:38:55 *** ???????????????????????????? ????????????????: !!! ???????????????????? 1:39:33
World War II ----------------------------------------------------------------(1939 - 1945)
1:51:24 The Nachtigall Battalion (Nightingale)
1:51:43 Independent Ukr State
1:44:50 Stepan Bandera (1909 – 1959) -----------------------------------1933
Between Hitler & Stalin: Ukraine in World War II
Wehrmacht Saves Innocent Civilians In Ukraine 1941
1:53:42 Babi Yar
1:55:40 partisan warfare
1:44:01 Organization of Ukr Nationalists (OUN)
1:57:42 Roman Shukhevych
1:58:37 Volyn
1:58:57 UPA - Ukrainian Insurgent Army
2:00:04 ethnic cleansing (1943)
2:02:32 SS Galicia Division
2:02:33 Banderavists (Bandera) split of OUN (former UVO) 1:47:26
2:02:25 Melnykovites (Melnyk)
2:02:57 SS Galicia crushed by the Red Army
2:04:51 Nikita Khrushchev
2:05:21 Joseph Stalin
1:39:56 RUSYN replaced the term Ukrainian
2:06:14 Gulag
2:06:31 Yalta
2:10:30 Operation Vistula (Polish: Akcja Wisła)
2:12:00 The Greek Catholic Church abolishment
2:12:21 Josyf Slipyj (1893 - 1984)
1:49:25 annexation of the Western Ukraine
2:16:33 turning Crimea over to Ukraine
2:18:25 Thaw (early 1950s to the early 1960s)
2:30:09 (April 26 1986) - Chornobyl disaster
2:35:30 Rukh - Movement
2:37:29 (1991) Declaration of Sovereignty of Ukraine
1:13:48 The Ukr People's Republic of 1918 - 1920
2:50:29 The Orange Revolution (2004)
3 - The Role of the US in the Growing Conflict
Yes, the US is in Bible prophecy in symbolic language. We will examine the end-time role of the US in Bible prophecy.
This video is closed captioned in multiple languages.
Visit for more information, books, DVDs and other media.
JOHN The Mystagogic Gospel - Week 45
JOHN The Mystagogic Gospel
Week 45
58(C) John 14:25-31 Last Supper Discourses 7-9
59 Excursus The Transfiguration
Presented by
Fr. Deacon Ezra Ham
St. Elijah Orthodox Church Oklahoma City
Phone: (405) 755-7804
Spinosaurus fishes for prey | Planet Dinosaur | BBC
Check out BBC Earth on BBC online -
John Hurts tells the stories of the biggest, deadliest and weirdest Dinosaurs ever to walk the Earth. Massive carnivorous hunter Spinosaurus hunts the giant fresh water fish Onchopristis.
Planet Dinosaur tells the stories of the biggest, deadliest and weirdest creatures ever to walk the Earth, using the latest fossil evidence and immersive computer graphics. Narrated by John Hurt.
Visit for all the latest animal news and wildlife videos
BBC Earth Facebook (ex-UK only)
BBC Earth Twitter
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Ludobójstwo. Genocide. (Eng It Fr Ger Pl subtitles)
Jesli chcesz zostać patronem animowanych filmów historycznych, wesprzyj nas na serwisie patronite:
Jeśli chcesz wesprzeć produkcję Obrońców Głogowa wesprzyj nas dobrowolnym datkiem, na nr konta:
54 1140 2004 0000 3702 7574 1627 Arkadiusz Olszewski
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lub Paypal: ArkadiuszOlszewski-filmy@wp.pl
Film na DVD dostępny w sklepie Red is Bad, wyłącznego sponsora i dystrybutora wydania DVD filmu:
Lord Chris Patten on Politics, Education, and Innovation
If you don’t have strong views on how society should be, don’t go into politics, stated Lord Chris Patten. During his Stanford GSB Global Speaker Series talk on Friday, April 15, 2016, the University of Oxford Chancellor and last Governor of Hong Kong former shared stories from his political experiences. Read more on Twitter:
101 Facts About The 1960s
Greetings Motherfactors!
Today we're going back in time again, to the time of peace, rock'n'roll music, and some pretty intense trips... if you catch my drift... This is 101 Facts About The 1960s!
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World at 8 Wednesday 13 February 2013
Hertfordshire Crime Commissioner Calls BNP Racist
Hertfordshire Crime Commissioner resigns for insulting Socialists, but OK to call BNP and Nazis racist.
Dr Rachel Frosh who earns £20,000 a year helping to run Hertfordshire Police re-tweeted 'Dear Socialists embrace your inner Nazism', it said, alongside Hitler image and compared modern socialists with Hitler's Nazis.
After being forced to apologise to the 'Socialists' in the mainstream politics she went on to say 'Basically what I am saying is that any racist party is not anything to do with any mainstream party. I don't agree that Nazis/BNP are socialists. Both BNP and Nazis are racist parties that should not be considered right wing or left wing -- just racist. I think this lady doth protest too much. After all the BNP are the only party with a constitution that passes both the Court's and EHRC test for being non-racist.
Late today THIS WOMAN WAS FORCED TO RESIGN.
Highlights of the news today Wednesday 13th February
• Hertfordshire Crime Commissioner Calls BNP Racist
• Staffordshire Police doubles child exploitation team
• Muslim Fanatics Use Fringe Stations to Call for Terror, Murder and Torture
• Only 15 of 200 Foreigners Who Took Part in 2011 Riots Have Been Deported
• 74-Year-Old Woman Must Pay 1000 Euros to Amnesty
• The far-left and the attempted assassination of Lars Hedegaard
• Pope Retires
• Ten Afghans killed in NATO air strike
• Kabul Urged To Protect Sexually Abused Children
• Thought for the Day -- a dark side of England?
• And finally -- a very wise Owl.............
Tom Sawyer Audiobook | Mark Twain | Audiobooks Full Length
► TURN SUBTITLES ON! Can't activate them? Watch this:
00:00:00 Preface.
00:01:17 Chapter 1.
00:14:48 Chapter 2. The Glorious Whitewasher.
00:26:28 Chapter 3. Busy at War and Love.
00:39:19 Chapter 4. Showing off in Sunday School.
00:59:15 Chapter 5. The Pinch Bug and His Prey.
01:10:32 Chapter 6. Tom Meets Becky.
01:30:57 Chapter 7. Tick-Running and Heartbreak.
01:41:39 Chapter 8. A Pirate Bold To Be.
01:52:04 Chapter 9. Tragedy in the Grave Yard.
02:04:04 Chapter 10. Dire Prophecy of the Howling Dog.
02:15:25 Chapter 11. Conscience Racks Torn.
02:24:07 Chapter 12. The Cat and the Painkiller.
02:34:11 Chapter 13. The Pirate Crew Set Sail.
02:48:10 Chapter 14. Happy Camp of the Freebooters.
03:00:04 Chapter 15. Tom’s Stealthy Visit Home.
03:09:22 Chapter 16. First Pipes: “I’ve Lost My Knife”.
03:27:10 Chapter 17. Pirates at Their Own Funeral.
03:34:03 Chapter 18. Tom Reveals His Dream Secret.
03:49:47 Chapter 19. The Cruelty of “I Didn’t Think”.
03:53:48 Chapter 20. Tom Takes Becky’s Punishment.
04:02:45 Chapter 21. Eloquence and the Master’s Gilded Dome.
04:16:41 Chapter 22. Huck Finn Quotes Scripture.
04:22:38 Chapter 23. The Salvation of Muff Potter.
04:34:08 Chapter 24. Splendid Days and Fearsome Nights.
04:36:45 Chapter 25. Seeking the Buried Treasure.
04:48:33 Chapter 26. Real Robbers Seize the Box of Gold.
05:03:26 Chapter 27. Trembling on the Trail.
05:08:53 Chapter 28. In the Lair of Injun Joe.
05:14:40 Chapter 29. Huck Saves the Widow.
05:29:13 Chapter 30. Tom and Becky in the Cave.
05:45:58 Chapter 31. Found and Lost Again.
06:03:17 Chapter 32. “Turn Out! They’re Found!”
06:08:55 Chapter 33. The Fate of Injun Joe.
06:26:57 Chapter 34. Floods of Gold.
06:31:46 Chapter 35. Respectable Huck Joins the Gang.
06:41:34 Conclusion.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (published 1876) is a very well-known and popular story concerning American youth. Mark Twain's lively tale of the scrapes and adventures of boyhood is set in St. Petersburg, Missouri, where Tom Sawyer and his friend Huckleberry Finn have the kinds of adventures many boys can imagine: racing bugs during class, impressing girls, especially Becky Thatcher, with fights and stunts in the schoolyard, getting lost in a cave, and playing pirates on the Mississippi River.
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The Cruise of the Snark Audiobook by Jack London | Full Audiobook with subtitles
The Cruise of the Snark (1913) is a memoir of Jack and Charmian London's 1907-1909 voyage across the Pacific. His descriptions of surf-riding, which he dubbed a royal sport, helped introduce it to and popularize it with the mainland. London writes: Through the white crest of a breaker suddenly appears a dark figure, erect, a man-fish or a sea-god, on the very forward face of the crest where the top falls over and down, driving in toward shore, buried to his loins in smoking spray, caught up by the sea and flung landward, bodily, a quarter of a mile. It is a Kanaka on a surf-board. And I know that when I have finished these lines I shall be out in that riot of colour and pounding surf, trying to bit those breakers even as he, and failing as he never failed, but living life as the best of us may live it. Excerpted from Wikipedia.
Genre(s): Memoirs
The Cruise of the Snark
Jack LONDON
Chapters:
0:23 | 1 - Chapter I -- Foreword
22:46 | 2 - Chapter II -- The Inconceivable And Monstrous
54:18 | 3 - Chapter III -- Adventure
1:11:43 | 4 - Chapter IV -- Finding One's Way About
1:34:55 | 5 - Chapter V -- The First Landfall
1:50:08 | 6 - Chapter VI -- A Royal Sport
2:14:28 | 7 - Chapter VII -- The Lepers Of Molokai
2:45:10 | 8 - Chapter VIII -- The House Of The Sun
3:14:18 | 9 - Chapter IX -- A Pacific Traverse
3:50:08 | 10 - Chapter X -- Typee
4:21:00 | 11 - Chapter XI -- The Nature Man
4:48:48 | 12 - Chapter XII -- The High Seat of Abundance
5:27:12 | 13 - Chapter XIII -- The Stone-fishing of Bora Bora
5:42:33 | 14 - Chapter XIV -- The Amateur Navigator
6:22:33 | 15 - Chapter XV -- Cruising in the Solomons
7:01:18 | 16 - Chapter XVI -- Beche de Mer English
7:17:00 | 17 - Chapter XVII -- The Amateur M.D.
7:56:00 | 18 - Back Word
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The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Audiobook by Mark Twain | Audiobooks Youtube Free
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (published 1876) is a very well-known and popular story concerning American youth. Mark Twain's lively tale of the scrapes and adventures of boyhood is set in St. Petersburg, Missouri, where Tom Sawyer and his friend Huckleberry Finn have the kinds of adventures many boys can imagine: racing bugs during class, impressing girls, especially Becky Thatcher, with fights and stunts in the schoolyard, getting lost in a cave, and playing pirates on the Mississippi River.
One of the most famous incidents in the book describes how Tom persuades his friends to do a boring, hateful chore for him: whitewashing (i.e., painting) a fence.
This was the first novel to be written on a typewriter.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Mark TWAIN
(Summary from Wikipedia)
Genre(s): Children's Fiction
Wales | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Wales
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Wales (Welsh: Cymru [ˈkəmri] ( listen)) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of 20,779 km2 (8,023 sq mi). Wales has over 1,680 miles (2,700 km) of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon (Yr Wyddfa), its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate.
Welsh national identity emerged among the Britons after the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century, and Wales is regarded as one of the modern Celtic nations. Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's death in 1282 marked the completion of Edward I of England's conquest of Wales, though Owain Glyndŵr briefly restored independence to Wales in the early 15th century. The whole of Wales was annexed by England and incorporated within the English legal system under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. Distinctive Welsh politics developed in the 19th century. Welsh liberalism, exemplified in the early 20th century by Lloyd George, was displaced by the growth of socialism and the Labour Party. Welsh national feeling grew over the century; Plaid Cymru was formed in 1925 and the Welsh Language Society in 1962. Established under the Government of Wales Act 1998, the National Assembly for Wales holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters.
At the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, development of the mining and metallurgical industries transformed the country from an agricultural society into an industrial nation; the South Wales Coalfield's exploitation caused a rapid expansion of Wales' population. Two-thirds of the population live in South Wales, including Cardiff, Swansea, Newport and the nearby valleys. Now that the country's traditional extractive and heavy industries have gone or are in decline, Wales' economy depends on the public sector, light and service industries and tourism.
Although Wales closely shares its political and social history with the rest of Great Britain, and a majority of the population in most areas speaks English as a first language, the country has retained a distinct cultural identity and is officially bilingual. Over 560,000 Welsh language speakers live in Wales, and the language is spoken by a majority of the population in parts of the north and west. From the late 19th century onwards, Wales acquired its popular image as the land of song, in part due to the eisteddfod tradition. At many international sporting events, such as the FIFA World Cup, Rugby World Cup and the Commonwealth Games, Wales has its own national teams, though at the Olympic Games, Welsh athletes compete as part of a Great Britain team. Rugby union is seen as a symbol of Welsh identity and an expression of national consciousness.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain | Full Audiobook
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (published 1876) is a very well-known and popular story concerning American youth. Mark Twain's lively tale of the scrapes and adventures of boyhood is set in St. Petersburg, Missouri, where Tom Sawyer and his friend Huckleberry Finn have the kinds of adventures many boys can imagine: racing bugs during class, impressing girls, especially Becky Thatcher, with fights and stunts in the schoolyard, getting lost in a cave, and playing pirates on the Mississippi River.
One of the most famous incidents in the book describes how Tom persuades his friends to do a boring, hateful chore for him: whitewashing (i.e., painting) a fence.
This was the first novel to be written on a typewriter.
(Summary from Wikipedia)
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Mark TWAIN
Our Custom URL :
Subscribe To Our Channel:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Audio Book Audiobooks All Rights Reserved. This is a Librivox recording. All Librivox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer visit librivox.org.
Wales | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Wales
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Wales (Welsh: Cymru [ˈkəmri] (listen)) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of 20,779 km2 (8,023 sq mi). Wales has over 1,680 miles (2,700 km) of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon (Yr Wyddfa), its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate.
Welsh national identity emerged among the Britons after the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century, and Wales is regarded as one of the modern Celtic nations. Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's death in 1282 marked the completion of Edward I of England's conquest of Wales, though Owain Glyndŵr briefly restored independence to Wales in the early 15th century. The whole of Wales was annexed by England and incorporated within the English legal system under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. Distinctive Welsh politics developed in the 19th century. Welsh liberalism, exemplified in the early 20th century by Lloyd George, was displaced by the growth of socialism and the Labour Party. Welsh national feeling grew over the century; Plaid Cymru was formed in 1925 and the Welsh Language Society in 1962. Established under the Government of Wales Act 1998, the National Assembly for Wales holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters.
At the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, development of the mining and metallurgical industries transformed the country from an agricultural society into an industrial nation; the South Wales Coalfield's exploitation caused a rapid expansion of Wales' population. Two-thirds of the population live in South Wales, including Cardiff, Swansea, Newport and the nearby valleys. Now that the country's traditional extractive and heavy industries have gone or are in decline, Wales' economy depends on the public sector, light and service industries and tourism.
Although Wales closely shares its political and social history with the rest of Great Britain, and a majority of the population in most areas speaks English as a first language, the country has retained a distinct cultural identity and is officially bilingual. Over 560,000 Welsh language speakers live in Wales, and the language is spoken by a majority of the population in parts of the north and west. From the late 19th century onwards, Wales acquired its popular image as the land of song, in part due to the eisteddfod tradition. At many international sporting events, such as the FIFA World Cup, Rugby World Cup and the Commonwealth Games, Wales has its own national teams, though at the Olympic Games, Welsh athletes compete as part of a Great Britain team. Rugby union is seen as a symbol of Welsh identity and an expression of national consciousness.
Wales | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:39 1 Etymology
00:07:38 2 History
00:07:47 2.1 Prehistoric origins
00:10:47 2.2 Roman era
00:14:21 2.3 Post-Roman era
00:18:52 2.4 Medieval Wales
00:26:53 2.5 Industrial Wales
00:30:21 2.6 Modern Wales
00:30:30 2.6.1 Early 20th century
00:33:12 2.6.2 Mid 20th century
00:34:33 2.6.3 Late 20th century
00:37:28 2.6.4 Devolution
00:39:05 3 Government and politics
00:41:31 3.1 Composition of the Assembly
00:44:33 3.2 Areas of responsibility
00:46:29 3.2.1 Foreign relations
00:47:26 3.3 Local government
00:48:10 4 Law and order
00:51:56 5 Geography and natural history
00:58:14 5.1 Geology
00:59:23 5.2 Climate
01:05:06 5.3 Flora and fauna
01:08:08 6 Economy
01:12:56 7 Transport
01:15:27 8 Education
01:18:37 9 Healthcare
01:20:47 10 Demography
01:20:56 10.1 Population history
01:22:54 10.2 Current
01:27:47 10.3 Languages
01:31:32 10.4 Religion
01:34:25 11 Culture
01:34:54 11.1 Mythology
01:36:24 11.2 Literature in Wales
01:42:20 11.3 Museums and libraries
01:43:34 11.4 Visual arts
01:47:46 11.5 National symbols and anthem
01:50:29 11.6 Sport
01:55:11 11.7 Media
01:59:43 11.8 Cuisine
02:01:01 11.9 Performing arts
02:01:10 11.9.1 Music
02:04:02 11.9.2 Drama
02:06:10 11.9.3 Dance
02:08:07 11.10 Festivals
02:09:27 12 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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Speaking Rate: 0.7994860710847632
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Wales (Welsh: Cymru [ˈkəmri] (listen)) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of 20,779 km2 (8,023 sq mi). Wales has over 1,680 miles (2,700 km) of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon (Yr Wyddfa), its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate.
Welsh national identity emerged among the Britons after the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century, and Wales is regarded as one of the modern Celtic nations. Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's death in 1282 marked the completion of Edward I of England's conquest of Wales, though Owain Glyndŵr briefly restored independence to Wales in the early 15th century. The whole of Wales was annexed by England and incorporated within the English legal system under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. Distinctive Welsh politics developed in the 19th century. Welsh liberalism, exemplified in the early 20th century by Lloyd George, was displaced by the growth of socialism and the Labour Party. Welsh national feeling grew over the century; Plaid Cymru was formed in 1925 and the Welsh Language Society in 1962. Established under the Government of Wales Act 1998, the National Assembly for Wales holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters.
At the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, development of the mining and metallurgical industries transformed the country from an agricultural society into an industrial nation; the South Wales Coalfield's exploitation caused a rapid expansion of Wales' population. Two-thirds of the population live in South Wales, including Cardiff, Swansea, Newport and the nearby valleys. Now that the country's traditional extractive and heavy industries have gone or are in decline, Wales' economy depends on the public sector, light and service industries and tourism.
Although Wales closely shares its political and social history with the rest of Great Britain, and a majority of the population in most areas speaks English as a first language, the country has retained a distinct cultural identity and is officially bilingual. Over 560,000 Welsh language speakers live in Wales, and the language is spoken by a majority of the population in parts of the north and wes ...
Oregon Trail | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Oregon Trail
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Oregon Trail is a 2,170-mile (3,490 km) historic East–West, large-wheeled wagon route and emigrant trail in the United States that connected the Missouri River to valleys in Oregon. The eastern part of the Oregon Trail spanned part of the future state of Kansas, and nearly all of what are now the states of Nebraska and Wyoming. The western half of the trail spanned most of the future states of Idaho and Oregon.
The Oregon Trail was laid by fur traders and traders from about 1811 to 1840, and was only passable on foot or by horseback. By 1836, when the first migrant wagon train was organized in Independence, Missouri, a wagon trail had been cleared to Fort Hall, Idaho. Wagon trails were cleared increasingly farther west, and eventually reached all the way to the Willamette Valley in Oregon, at which point what came to be called the Oregon Trail was complete, even as almost annual improvements were made in the form of bridges, cutoffs, ferries, and roads, which made the trip faster and safer. From various starting points in Iowa, Missouri, or Nebraska Territory, the routes converged along the lower Platte River Valley near Fort Kearny, Nebraska Territory and led to rich farmlands west of the Rocky Mountains.
From the early to mid-1830s (and particularly through the years 1846–69) the Oregon Trail and its many offshoots were used by about 400,000 settlers, farmers, miners, ranchers, and business owners and their families. The eastern half of the trail was also used by travelers on the California Trail (from 1843), Mormon Trail (from 1847), and Bozeman Trail (from 1863), before turning off to their separate destinations. Use of the trail declined as the first transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869, making the trip west substantially faster, cheaper, and safer. Today, modern highways, such as Interstate 80 and Interstate 84, follow parts of the same course westward and pass through towns originally established to serve those using the Oregon Trail.