Τεγέα Tegea Arcadia Travel Greece
Η Τεγέα ήταν πόλη της αρχαίας Αρκαδίας, προερχόμενη αρχικά από συνοικισμό.
Ιδρύθηκε από τον Τεγέα, γιο του Λυκάονα και εγγονό του Πελασγού και ήταν από τις σπουδαιότερες πόλεις της αρχαίας Αρκαδίας, έδρα των τελευταίων μυθικών Αρκάδων βασιλιάδων. Αποτελούνταν από τους δήμους Κορυθέων, Γαρεατών, Φυλακέων, Καρυατών, Οιατών, Βωταχιδών, Μανθυρέων, Εχενιδών, Αφειδάντιων και τις φυλές Ιποθίτιδα, Καριώτιδα, Απολονιάτιδα και Αθηναιάτιδα. Στην πόλη υπήρχε το ιερό της Αλέας Αθηνάς το οποίο είχε κατασκευάσει ο Σκόπας την εποχή που άρχοντας της Αθήνας ήταν ο Διόφαντος. Σύμφωνα με την μυθολογία ο ναός ονομάστηκε έτσι από τον Αλέα εγγονό του Αρκάδα που τον είχε χτίσει. Μέσα στο ιερό μέσα υπήρχε άγαλμα της Αθηνάς από ελεφαντόδοντο, άγαλμα του Ασκληπιού , άγαλμα της Υγείας και τα δόντια του Ερυμάνθιου κάπρου τα οποία όταν οι Ρωμαίοι προσάρτησαν την περιοχή στην Ρωμαϊκή αυτοκρατορία τα μετέφεραν στην Ρώμη. Η Θεά Αθηνά ήταν η πολιούχος της πόλης και προς τιμήν της γίνονταν οι αγώνες Αλεαία. Σήμερα ο ναός δεν υπάρχει πλέον και λέγεται ότι τμήματά του χρησιμοποιήθηκαν στην ανοικοδόμηση του ναού της Παναγίας που βρίσκεται κοντά στον αρχαιολογικό χώρο.
Στην Τεγέα υπήρχε και δεύτερο ιερό της Αθηνάς Πολιάτιδος. Στην αγορά της πόλης υπήρχε ιερό της Αφροδίτης. Διέθετε Γυμνάσιο, θέατρο, Στάδιο, Αγορά και Βουλή με τριακόσιους βουλευτές. Οι κάτοικοι την περίοδο της ακμής της έφταναν τους 40.000 και η πόλη έκοβε δικό της νόμισμα.
Επιφανείς Τεγεάτες ήταν οι ποιητές Κλονάς και Ανύτη, ο ιστορικός Αρίανθος, ο τραγικός Αρίσταρχος, οι νομοθέτες Αντισθένης και Κρίσος. Οι ήρωες Αγκαίος και Έποχος, η Αταλάντη, ο Έχεμος, ο Αγαπήνορας και η Διοτίμα. Εδώ επίσης είχε γεννηθεί, κατά τη μυθολογία, και ο Πάνας.
Τεγεάτες είχαν πάρει μέρος στην Αργοναυτική εκστρατεία, στον τρωικό πόλεμο, στην μάχη των Πλαταιών, στους Περσικούς πολέμους, και στον Πελοποννησιακό πόλεμο στο πλευρό των Σπαρτιατών,
Η Τεγέα είχε αποικίσει την Πάφο, ενώ είχε συμμετάσχει στον εποικισμό της Μεγαλόπολης.
Η πόλη καταστράφηκε από τους Γότθους το 395 μ.χ. και σταδιακά ερήμωσε. Αργότερα στη θέση της χτίστηκε το Νύκλι το οποίο κατά την Φραγκοκρατία αποτέλεσε Βαρωνία. Σήμερα έχει ανασκαφεί και είναι επισκέψιμος αρχαιολογικός χώρος στον οποίο λειτουργεί και το μουσείο της Τεγέας, ενώ η ευρύτερη περιοχή, με ευρήματα από ρωμαϊκά ψηφιδωτά και μεσαιωνικά τείχη αποτελεί αρχαιολογικό πάρκο. Βρίσκεται δίπλα στο χωριό Αλέα της Μαντινείας, 10 χιλιόμετρα από την Τρίπολη.
A woman from Marvriki, Tegea (Greek w/ Eng. subtitles)
A woman from Mavriki, Tegea (Greece) talks about life and desolation in that region. From the documentary Arkadia Haire (Αρκαδία Χαίρε) by Filippos Koutsaftis (
Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο Πέλλας / Archaeological Museum of Pella, Greece
Το Μουσείο της Πέλλας βρίσκεται στις νοτιοανατολικές υπώρειες του λόφου του ανακτόρου, στο βορειοανατολικό τμήμα του επισκέψιμου αρχαιολογικού χώρου, σε άμεση γειτνίαση με το σύγχρονο οικισμό ανατολικά. Αποτελεί τη φυσική κατάληξη του επισκέπτη του αρχαιολογικού χώρου, όπου αυτός έχει τη δυνατότητα να ανασυνθέσει τα αρχαιολογικά στοιχεία που του παρείχαν τα μνημεία κατά την περιήγησή του και να κατανοήσει τις ποικίλες πτυχές της καθημερινής, αλλά και της δημόσιας ζωής της μακεδονικής πρωτεύουσας. Γι' αυτό και οι θεματικές ενότητες της έκθεσης εναρμονίζονται με τους ανασκαφικούς τομείς του χώρου, χωρίς να είναι αποκομμένες η μια από την άλλη. Καθώς είναι χωροθετημένες σε διαφορετικά επίπεδα, που αντιστοιχούν στο εδαφικό ανάγλυφο του χώρου, εξασφαλίζεται η συνεχής οπτική επαφή του επισκέπτη με όλες σχεδόν τις θεματικές ενότητες, αλλά και τον ίδιο τον αρχαιολογικό χώρο, μέσω των ανοιγμάτων-παραθύρων του κτιρίου. Το ορθογώνιο αίθριο του κτιρίου αποτελεί αναφορά στην κεντρική περίστυλη αυλή των οικιών της Πέλλας.
Στην ενότητα της ενημέρωσης παρέχονται στον επισκέπτη μέσα από κείμενα, φωτογραφίες και χάρτες τα απαραίτητα στοιχεία για την γνωριμία του με την Πέλλα: τη γεωμορφολογική εξέλιξη της περιοχής, τον αρχαιολογικό χώρο και τα μνημεία του, τις ενεπίγραφες κεραμίδες με το όνομα ΠΕΛΛΗΣ που οδήγησαν στην ταύτισή της, καθώς και επιλεγμένα νομίσματα από τις ανασκαφές διαφόρων χώρων, κοπές μακεδόνων βασιλέων (από τον Αλέξανδρο Α' ως τον Περσέα), αλλά και των χρόνων μετά τη ρωμαϊκή κατάκτηση του 168 π.Χ.
Άνοιξε τις πύλες του το αρχαιολογικό μουσείο Αλεξανδρούπολης
Sanctuary of Apollo Epicourius at Bassae
The temple of Apollo Epikourios, one of the most important and most imposing temples of antiquity, stands in the bare and rocky landscape of Bassae. It is unique in the history of ancient Greek architecture because it combines a variety of novel ideas both in its external appearance and in its internal arrangements. Indeed, Pausanias considered it to be among the finest temples of the Peloponnese in terms of sheer beauty and harmony, second only to that of Tegea (8, 41, 8). The building is dated to 420-400 BC and is believed to be the work of Iktinos, who succeeded in combining masterfully several Archaic features imposed by the conservative tradition of the Arcadians with the characteristics of the new Classical style. The surviving temple is not the first one to have been constructed on the site. The earliest temple of Apollo erected in the late seventh century BC, possibly at the same location, was rebuilt at least twice in approximately 600 and 500 BC. Many architectural features from these two phases survive, including a large terracotta acroterion with ornate painted decoration, roof-tiles and antefixes.
The Classical temple was raised on bedrock, on a specially built terrace. Like several other temples in Arcadia, it is orientated east-west instead of the usual north-south, possibly because of local tradition. The building is of local grey limestone, with parts of the roof, the capitals of the cella and the sculptural decoration being of marble. This is the only known temple of antiquity to combine three architectural orders. It is Doric, peripteral, distyle in antis, with pronaos, cella, adyton and opisthodomos. The temple has six columns on the short sides and fifteen on the long sides, instead of the period's usual ratio of 6:13, which gave it the characteristic elongated shape of Archaic temples. Inside the cella, on either side was a series of five Ionic half-columns engaged in buttresses, which projected from the sidewalls dividing the space into niches. The last pair of half-columns divided the cella diagonally, not at right angles like the others. Between them stood a single column. Its capital, recorded in the drawings of the first modern travellers, is the earliest known example of a Corinthian capital in the history of Greek architecture (fragments of the capital are now in the National Archaeological Museum). According to one theory this column was in fact an aniconic representation of the deity in accordance with the earliest Arcadian traditions, while another theory suggests that the fifth pair of half-columns, which stood on either side of this one, was also Corinthian. The cult statue of Apollo was inside the adyton, which was located behind the Corinthian column. A door on the east wall led to the pteron, on the outside. The two-sloped roof had marble tiles of Corinthian type.
A Doric frieze of undecorated metopes and triglyphs ran along the outer fa?ades. Only the inner metopes of the short sides were decorated: those on the pronaos had depictions of Apollo's return to Olympus and those on the opisthodomos contained the rapture of the daughters of the Messenian king Leukippos by the Dioskouroi. The pediments may have been undecorated. The temple's main decorative feature was the marble Ionic frieze supported by the Ionic half-columns of the cella. This frieze was thirty-one metres long and consisted of twenty-three marble slabs, of which twelve depicted battles between Greeks and Amazons and the remaining eleven showed battles between Lapiths and Centaurs. The frieze was unearthed by foreign antiquaries in 1812 and sold to the British Museum in 1815. It may have been the work of Paionios, who also executed the celebrated statue of Nike at Olympia.
The temple remained in use into the Hellenistic and Roman periods, its roof being repaired several times. After the building was abandoned, the decaying roof caved in causing extensive damage, further aggravated by human intervention with the removal of the metal clasps used in its construction. The temple, identified in 1765 by French architect J. Bocher, was first explored by a group of antiquaries in 1812. In 1902-6, the Greek Archaeological Society excavated and restored parts of the temple. In 1975 the newly founded Committee for the Conservation of the Temple of Apollo Epikourios launched a program for the monument's conservation and restoration. The Committee was reformed in 1982 and the Ministry of Culture has been overseeing the difficult task of restoring the monument ever since. A shelter, which will be removed at the end of the works, was erected in 1987 to protect the temple against the region's extreme weather conditions. (
CAN YOU MISS THIS?
At the heart of Macedonia visitors can find
all the best Greece and the Mediterranean
have to offer in one location.
From the Mount of the ancient Greek gods
to the Garden of the Virgin Mary, Nature
is enthralling; Every nook and corner echoes
the history of the land - Everything is within
easy reach, friendly and authentic,
full of human warmth.
Argos
Argos is a city and a former municipality in Argolis, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it has been part of the municipality Argos-Mykines, of which it is a municipal unit. It is 11 kilometres from Nafplion, which was its historic harbour. A settlement of great antiquity, Argos has been continuously inhabited as at least a substantial village for the past 7,000 years. The city is a member of the Most Ancient European Towns Network.
A resident of the city of Argos is considered an Argive. However, this term is most often used to refer to those ancient Greeks generally who assaulted the city of Troy during the Trojan War, many of whom came from Argos.
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Artemis | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:00:54 1 Etymology
00:03:26 2 Mythology
00:03:34 2.1 Birth
00:05:02 2.2 Childhood
00:07:07 2.3 Intimacy
00:08:17 2.4 Actaeon
00:09:41 2.5 Adonis
00:10:24 2.6 Orion
00:11:13 2.7 The Aloadae
00:11:55 2.8 Callisto
00:12:53 2.9 Iphigenia and the Taurian Artemis
00:13:38 2.10 Niobe
00:14:28 2.11 Chione
00:15:00 2.12 Atalanta, Oeneus and the Meleagrids
00:16:05 2.13 Aura
00:16:49 2.14 Polyphonte
00:17:24 2.15 Trojan War
00:18:56 3 Worship
00:21:33 3.1 Epithets
00:24:51 3.2 Festivals
00:27:20 3.3 Modern
00:27:28 4 Attributes
00:27:37 4.1 Virginity
00:28:50 4.2 As a mother goddess
00:29:56 4.3 As the Lady of Ephesus
00:31:05 4.4 Symbols
00:34:38 5 In art
00:35:58 6 Legacy
00:36:07 6.1 In astronomy
00:36:46 6.2 In taxonomy
00:37:24 6.3 In Modern Spaceflight
00:37:57 7 See also
00:38:30 8 References and sources
00:39:34 9 External links
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Speaking Rate: 0.8572931525544641
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Artemis (; Greek: Ἄρτεμις Artemis, Attic Greek: [ár.te.mis]), in the ancient Greek religion and myth, is the goddess of the hunt, the wilderness, wild animals, the Moon, and chastity.
Artemis is the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister of Apollo. She was the patron and protector of young girls, and was believed to bring disease upon women and relieve them of it. Artemis was worshipped as one of the primary goddesses of childbirth and midwifery along with Eileithyia. Much like Athena and Hestia, Artemis preferred to remain a maiden and is sworn never to marry.
Artemis was one of the most widely venerated of the Ancient Greek deities and her temple at Ephesus was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Artemis' symbols included a bow and arrow, a quiver and hunting knives and the deer and the cypress were sacred to her. The goddess Diana is her Roman equivalent.
Athena | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Athena
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Athena or Athene, often given the epithet Pallas, is an ancient Greek goddess associated with wisdom, handicraft, and warfare, who was later syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva. Athena was regarded as the patron and protectress of various cities across Greece, particularly the city of Athens, from which she most likely received her name. She is usually shown in art wearing a helmet and holding a spear. Her major symbols include owls, olive trees, snakes, and the Gorgoneion.
From her origin as an Aegean palace goddess, Athena was closely associated with the city. She was known as Polias and Poliouchos (both derived from polis, meaning city-state), and her temples were usually located atop the fortified Acropolis in the central part of the city. The Parthenon on the Athenian Acropolis is dedicated to her, along with numerous other temples and monuments. As the patron of craft and weaving, Athena was known as Ergane. She was also a warrior goddess, and was believed to lead soldiers into battle as Athena Promachos. Her main festival in Athens was the Panathenaia, which was celebrated during the month of Hekatombaion in midsummer and was the most important festival on the Athenian calendar.
In Greek mythology, Athena was believed to have been born from the head of her father Zeus. In the founding myth of Athens, Athena bested Poseidon in a competition over patronage of the city by creating the first olive tree. She was known as Athena Parthenos (Athena the Virgin), but, in one archaic Attic myth, the god Hephaestus tried and failed to rape her, resulting in Gaia giving birth to Erichthonius, an important Athenian founding hero. Athena was the patron goddess of heroic endeavor; she was believed to have also aided the heroes Perseus, Heracles, Bellerophon, and Jason. Along with Aphrodite and Hera, Athena was one of the three goddesses whose feud resulted in the beginning of the Trojan War. She plays an active role in the Iliad, in which she assists the Achaeans and, in the Odyssey, she is the divine counselor to Odysseus.
In the later writings of the Roman poet Ovid, Athena was said to have competed against the mortal Arachne in a weaving competition, afterwards transforming Arachne into the first spider; Ovid also describes how she transformed Medusa into a Gorgon after witnessing her being raped by Poseidon in her temple. Since the Renaissance, Athena has become an international symbol of wisdom, the arts, and classical learning. Western artists and allegorists have often used Athena as a symbol of freedom and democracy.
Argos | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:24 1 Geography
00:01:34 1.1 Climate
00:01:42 2 Etymology
00:02:55 3 History
00:03:04 3.1 Antiquity
00:05:08 3.2 Archaic Argos
00:06:47 3.3 Classical Argos
00:09:49 3.4 Democracy in Classical Argos
00:10:52 3.5 Roman, Byzantine, Crusader, Ottoman rule and independence
00:18:12 4 Mythology
00:20:33 5 Ecclesiastical history
00:22:06 6 Characteristics
00:22:16 6.1 Orientation
00:23:53 6.2 Population
00:24:29 6.3 Economy
00:25:10 7 Monuments
00:32:58 7.1 Transportation
00:33:48 8 Education
00:34:30 9 Sports
00:35:03 10 Notable people
00:36:43 11 International relations
00:36:54 11.1 Twin towns & sister cities
00:37:06 11.2 Other relations
00:37:19 12 See also
00:37:38 13 Notes
00:37:48 14 Sources and external links
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
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Speaking Rate: 0.874663775835281
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Argos (; Greek: Άργος [ˈarɣos]; Ancient Greek: Ἄργος [árɡos]) is a city in Argolis, the Peloponnese, Greece and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It is the largest city in Argolis and a major center for the area.
Since the 2011 local government reform it has been part of the municipality of Argos-Mykines, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 138.138 km2. It is 11 kilometres (7 miles) from Nafplion, which was its historic harbour. A settlement of great antiquity, Argos has been continuously inhabited as at least a substantial village for the past 7,000 years. The city is a member of the Most Ancient European Towns Network.A resident of the city of Argos is known as an Argive ( AR-ghyve, -jyve; Greek: Ἀργεῖος). However, this term is also used to refer to those ancient Greeks generally who assaulted the city of Troy during the Trojan War; the term is more widely applied by the Homeric bards.
Numerous ancient monuments can be found in the city today. Agriculture is the mainstay of the local economy.
Ancient Greek temple | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Ancient Greek temple
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Greek temples (Ancient Greek: ναός, translit. naós, lit. 'dwelling', semantically distinct from Latin templum, temple) were structures built to house deity statues within Greek sanctuaries in ancient Greek religion. The temple interiors did not serve as meeting places, since the sacrifices and rituals dedicated to the respective deity took place outside them, within the wider precinct of the sanctuary, which might be large. Temples were frequently used to store votive offerings. They are the most important and most widespread building type in Greek architecture. In the Hellenistic kingdoms of Southwest Asia and of North Africa, buildings erected to fulfill the functions of a temple often continued to follow the local traditions. Even where a Greek influence is visible, such structures are not normally considered as Greek temples. This applies, for example, to the Graeco-Parthian and Bactrian temples, or to the Ptolemaic examples, which follow Egyptian tradition. Most Greek temples were oriented astronomically.
Between the 9th century BC and the 6th century BC, the ancient Greek temples developed from the small mudbrick structures into double porched monumental buildings with colonnade on all sides, often reaching more than 20 metres in height (not including the roof). Stylistically, they were governed by the regionally specific architectural orders. Whereas the distinction was originally between the Doric and Ionic orders, a third alternative arose in late 3rd century BC with the Corinthian order. A multitude of different ground plans were developed, each of which could be combined with the superstructure in the different orders. From the 3rd century BC onwards, the construction of large temples became less common; after a short 2nd century BC flourish, it ceased nearly entirely in the 1st century BC. Thereafter, only smaller structures were newly begun, while older temples continued to be renovated or brought to completion if in an unfinished state.
Greek temples were designed and constructed according to set proportions, mostly determined by the lower diameter of the columns or by the dimensions of the foundation levels. The nearly mathematical strictness of the basic designs thus reached was lightened by optical refinements. In spite of the still widespread idealised image, Greek temples were painted, so that bright reds and blues contrasted with the white of the building stones or of stucco. The more elaborate temples were equipped with very rich figural decoration in the form of reliefs and pedimental sculpture. The construction of temples was usually organised and financed by cities or by the administrations of sanctuaries. Private individuals, especially Hellenistic rulers, could also sponsor such buildings. In the late Hellenistic period, their decreasing financial wealth, along with the progressive incorporation of the Greek world within the Roman state, whose officials and rulers took over as sponsors, led to the end of Greek temple construction. New temples now belonged to the tradition of the Roman temple, which, in spite of the very strong Greek influence on it, aimed for different goals and followed different aesthetic principles (for a comparison, see the other article).
The main temple building sat within a larger precinct or temenos, usually surrounded by a peribolos fence or wall; the whole is usually called a sanctuary. The Acropolis of Athens is the most famous example, though this was apparently walled as a citadel before a temple was ever built there. This might include many subsidiary buildings, sacred groves or springs, animals dedicated to the deity, and sometimes people who had taken sanctuary from the law, which some temples offered, for example to runaway slaves.
Argos | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Argos
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Argos (; Modern Greek: Άργος [ˈarɣos]; Ancient Greek: Ἄργος [árɡos]) is a city in Argolis, the Peloponnese, Greece and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It is the biggest town in Argolis and a major center for the area.
Since the 2011 local government reform it has been part of the municipality of Argos-Mykines, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 138.138 km2. It is 11 kilometres (7 miles) from Nafplion, which was its historic harbour. A settlement of great antiquity, Argos has been continuously inhabited as at least a substantial village for the past 7,000 years. The city is a member of the Most Ancient European Towns Network.A resident of the city of Argos is known as an Argive ( AR-ghyve, -jyve; Greek: Ἀργεῖος). However, this term is also used to refer to those ancient Greeks generally who assaulted the city of Troy during the Trojan War; the term is more widely applied by the Homeric bards.
Numerous ancient monuments can be found in the city today. Agriculture is the mainstay of the local economy.