Street Food in Uzbekistan - 1,500 KG. of RICE PLOV (Pilau) + Market Tour in Tashkent!
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Uzbekistan Day 1: Tashkent
On Day 1 in Uzbekistan we went on an ultimate Uzbek street food tour in Tashkent, including the biggest bazaar in the city, and the most massive plov (rice pilau) cooking in Tashkent.
We had arrived at the airport in Tashkent at about 4 am in the morning, and at 9 am we were ready to start eating our way through the city.
First we met up with Bekruz and Akbar both from the Ministry of Tourism Uzbekistan (Bekruz is the one who invited me to Uzbekistan and arranged everything for us, so thank you Bekruz!), and Ravshan (check out his channel: a local food vlogger in Uzbekistan.
Two of the most important phrases you should know in Uzbek are:
Assalomu Alaykum - Hello / Greeting
Rahmat - Thank you
Bread Bazaar, Tashkent - We started this ultimate street food tour at the bread bazaar in Tashkent, a market dedicated fully to bread, with a little fruit and other things mixed in. We bought some break, some kaymak, and some fruit and then went to a nearby restaurant where they laid everything on the table for us, along with tea. Uzbek breakfast was a great way to get started.
Chorsu Bazaar - The grandest bazaar in Tashkent is Chorus Bazaar, and it’s a perfect place to get a feel of Uzbek culture and food. We first stopped at the food court to try hanum, a type of dumpling filled with potato and somsa. Then we continued to the dome shaped iconic part of the bazaar, filled with fresh meat and spices. It’s one of the coolest market structures anywhere in the world.
Plov Center - We kind of had to rush out of Chorsu Bazaar because although they prepare 1,500 Kilos, seriously, of rice plov per day, it only takes 2 - 3 hours before they run out everyday. So we got there, already one of the monster swimming pool pans was finished, but they still had a few others going and serving. Plov is the national dish of Uzbekistan, a food that’s eaten on every and all occasions. For Tashkent plov, it’s pretty heavy on the meat at oil, with rice, chickpeas, and raisins. Also it included, qazi - horsemeat sausage which is a delicacy. It was incredibly delicious, and proper meal experience.
Total price - 100,000 UZS ($12.21)
Plov is love, remember that when you’re in Uzbekistan.
National Food Restaurant - After strolling around for a while in the afternoon, we continued to a National Food restaurant, a laid back family style restaurant that serves all things Uzbek food. Along with a number of dishes, the main dish I was most interested in was the naryn, thin slices of dough mixed with minced meat and horse. It was interesting, and quite good, as were the other dishes.
Total price - 110,000 UZS ($13.43)
Sultan Suleyman Restaurant - For dinner we went to a bit of a fancy trendy restaurant, and had another platter of food. This time, dough noodle like sheets topped with meat, horse sausage again, and green onions.
Total price - 122,000 UZS ($14.90)
It was a day of learning, eating, and meeting some amazing people along the way. Thank you for watching this Uzbekistan food tour!
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Mining in Shakhtinsk
In May 2011 Bankwatch visited the town of Shakhtinsk in the Karaganda region of Kazakhstan to speak with miners about the working conditions at different ArcerlorMittal-owned mines in the region. Shakhtinsk was the site of two mining accidents in 2008 that left 35 people dead.
Майкл Щур у цьому відео НЕ ЇСТЬ! ????· Амбасадори Ukraїner
У дванадцятій серії телеведучий та журналіст Роман Вінтонів, більш відомий як Майкл Щур, познайомить з рідною Долиною. У містечку неподалік Івано-Франківська можна насолодитися краєвидами гір, дізнатися про культуру бойків, а відвідавши сусіднє селище Вигода, покататися на «Карпатському трамваї». Разом із Романом у цю подорож вирушив засновник проєкту Ukraїner Богдан Логвиненко.
Читайте більше у лонгріді:
Kazakhstan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kazakhstan
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан, translit. Qazaqstan, IPA: [qɑzɑqˈstɑn] ( listen); Russian: Казахстан, IPA: [kəzɐxˈstan]), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы, translit. Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Russian: Республика Казахстан, tr. Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of 2,724,900 square kilometres (1,052,100 sq mi). It is a transcontinental country largely located in Asia; the most western parts are located in Europe. Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil/gas industry. It also has vast mineral resources.Kazakhstan is officially a democratic, secular, unitary, constitutional republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Kazakhstan shares borders with Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, and also adjoins a large part of the Caspian Sea. The terrain of Kazakhstan includes flatlands, steppe, taiga, rock canyons, hills, deltas, snow-capped mountains, and deserts. Kazakhstan has an estimated 18.3 million people as of 2018. Given its large land area, its population density is among the lowest, at less than 6 people per square kilometre (15 people per sq mi). The capital is Astana, where it was moved in 1997 from Almaty, the country's largest city.
The territory of Kazakhstan has historically been inhabited by Turkic nomads who trace their ancestry to many Turkic states such as Turkic Khaganate etc. In the 13th century, the territory joined the Mongolian Empire under Genghis Khan. By the 16th century, the Kazakh emerged as a distinct group, divided into three jüz (ancestor branches occupying specific territories). The Russians began advancing into the Kazakh steppe in the 18th century, and by the mid-19th century, they nominally ruled all of Kazakhstan as part of the Russian Empire. Following the 1917 Russian Revolution, and subsequent civil war, the territory of Kazakhstan was reorganised several times. In 1936, it was made the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, part of the Soviet Union.
Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The current President, Nursultan Nazarbayev, has been leader of the country since then, and is characterised as authoritarian, with a government history of human rights abuses and suppression of political opposition. Kazakhstan has worked to develop its economy, especially its dominant hydrocarbon industry. Human Rights Watch says that Kazakhstan heavily restricts freedom of assembly, speech, and religion, and other human rights organisations regularly describe Kazakhstan's human rights situation as poor.
Kazakhstan's 131 ethnicities include Kazakhs (63% of the population), Russians, Uzbeks, Ukrainians, Germans, Tatars, and Uyghurs. Islam is the religion of about 70% of the population, with Christianity practised by 26%. Kazakhstan officially allows freedom of religion, but religious leaders who oppose the government are suppressed. The Kazakh language is the state language, and Russian has equal official status for all levels of administrative and institutional purposes. Kazakhstan is a member of the United Nations, WTO, CIS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), the Eurasian Economic Union, CSTO, OSCE, OIC, and TURKSOY.
Kazakhstan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kazakhstan
00:03:52 1 Etymology
00:04:40 2 History
00:05:17 2.1 Kazakh Khanate
00:08:07 2.2 Russian Empire
00:11:21 2.3 Soviet Union
00:15:54 2.4 Independence
00:17:05 3 Geography
00:20:13 3.1 Natural resources
00:22:48 3.2 Climate
00:23:14 3.3 Wildlife
00:24:15 3.4 Administrative divisions
00:25:26 3.5 Municipal divisions
00:26:18 3.6 Urban centres
00:26:27 4 Politics
00:26:35 4.1 Political system
00:27:49 4.2 Elections
00:30:09 4.3 Foreign relations
00:34:46 4.4 Military
00:37:21 4.5 Human rights
00:41:01 5 Economy
00:51:37 5.1 Agriculture
00:53:38 5.2 Infrastructure
00:58:45 5.3 Tourism
01:01:28 5.4 Green economy
01:02:17 5.5 Foreign direct investment
01:04:52 5.6 Banking
01:06:18 5.7 Bond market
01:07:00 5.8 Housing market
01:08:05 5.9 Nurly Jol economic policy
01:09:17 5.10 Economic competitiveness
01:10:16 5.11 Corruption
01:11:33 6 Science and technology
01:16:02 7 Demographics
01:17:17 7.1 Ethnic groups
01:19:14 7.2 Languages
01:20:15 7.3 Religion
01:23:16 7.4 Education
01:25:43 8 Culture
01:27:13 8.1 Literature
01:30:55 8.2 Music
01:35:33 8.3 Cuisine
01:36:11 8.4 Sport
01:41:32 8.5 Film
01:42:30 8.6 Media
01:43:35 8.7 UNESCO World Heritage sites
01:43:59 8.8 Public holidays
01:44:08 9 Membership of international organisations
01:45:14 10 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан, translit. Qazaqstan, IPA: [qɑzɑqˈstɑn] (listen); Russian: Казахстан, IPA: [kəzɐxˈstan]), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы, translit. Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Russian: Республика Казахстан, tr. Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of 2,724,900 square kilometres (1,052,100 sq mi). It is a transcontinental country largely located in Asia; the most western parts are located in Europe. Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil/gas industry. It also has vast mineral resources.Kazakhstan is officially a democratic, secular, unitary, constitutional republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Kazakhstan shares borders with Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, and also adjoins a large part of the Caspian Sea. The terrain of Kazakhstan includes flatlands, steppe, taiga, rock canyons, hills, deltas, snow-capped mountains, and deserts. Kazakhstan has an estimated 18.3 million people as of 2018. Given its large land area, its population density is among the lowest, at less than 6 people per square kilometre (15 people per sq mi). The capital is Astana, where it was moved in 1997 from Almaty, the country's largest city.
The territory of Kazakhstan has historically been inhabited by Turkic nomads who trace their ancestry to many Turkic states such as Turkic Khaganate etc. In the 13th century, the territory joined the Mongolian Empire under Genghis Khan. By the 16th century, the Kazakh emerged as a distinct group, divided into three jüz (ancestor branches occupying specific territories). The Russians began advancing into the Kazakh steppe in the 18th century, and by the mid-19th century, they nominally ruled all of Kazakhstan as part of the Russian Empire. Following the 1917 Russian Revolution, and subsequent civil war, the territory of Kazakhstan was reorganised several times. In 1936, it was made the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, part of the Soviet Union.
Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The current President, Nursultan Nazarbayev, has been leader of the country since then, and is characterised as authoritarian, with a government history of human rights abuses and suppression of political opposition. Kazakhstan has worked to develop its economy, especially its dominant hydrocarbon industry. Human Rights Watch says that Kazakhsta ...
Kazakhstan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kazakhstan
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан, translit. Qazaqstan, IPA: [qɑzɑqˈstɑn] (listen); Russian: Казахстан, IPA: [kəzɐxˈstan]), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы, translit. Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Russian: Республика Казахстан, tr. Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of 2,724,900 square kilometres (1,052,100 sq mi). It is a transcontinental country largely located in Asia; the most western parts are located in Europe. Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil/gas industry. It also has vast mineral resources.Kazakhstan is officially a democratic, secular, unitary, constitutional republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Kazakhstan shares borders with Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, and also adjoins a large part of the Caspian Sea. The terrain of Kazakhstan includes flatlands, steppe, taiga, rock canyons, hills, deltas, snow-capped mountains, and deserts. Kazakhstan has an estimated 18.3 million people as of 2018. Given its large land area, its population density is among the lowest, at less than 6 people per square kilometre (15 people per sq mi). The capital is Astana, where it was moved in 1997 from Almaty, the country's largest city.
The territory of Kazakhstan has historically been inhabited by Turkic nomads who trace their ancestry to many Turkic states such as Turkic Khaganate etc. In the 13th century, the territory joined the Mongolian Empire under Genghis Khan. By the 16th century, the Kazakh emerged as a distinct group, divided into three jüz (ancestor branches occupying specific territories). The Russians began advancing into the Kazakh steppe in the 18th century, and by the mid-19th century, they nominally ruled all of Kazakhstan as part of the Russian Empire. Following the 1917 Russian Revolution, and subsequent civil war, the territory of Kazakhstan was reorganised several times. In 1936, it was made the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, part of the Soviet Union.
Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The current President, Nursultan Nazarbayev, has been leader of the country since then, and is characterised as authoritarian, with a government history of human rights abuses and suppression of political opposition. Kazakhstan has worked to develop its economy, especially its dominant hydrocarbon industry. Human Rights Watch says that Kazakhstan heavily restricts freedom of assembly, speech, and religion, and other human rights organisations regularly describe Kazakhstan's human rights situation as poor.
Kazakhstan's 131 ethnicities include Kazakhs (63% of the population), Russians, Uzbeks, Ukrainians, Germans, Tatars, and Uyghurs. Islam is the religion of about 70% of the population, with Christianity practised by 26%. Kazakhstan officially allows freedom of religion, but religious leaders who oppose the government are suppressed. The Kazakh language is the state language, and Russian has equal official status for all levels of administrative and institutional purposes. Kazakhstan is a member of the United Nations, WTO, CIS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), the Eurasian Economic Union, CSTO, OSCE, OIC, and TURKSOY.
Chronicles of country's industrialization 2007-2011
The film tells about large projects in the sphere of industrialization, healthcare, education and sport that were implemented over the last five years.
Kazakhstan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kazakhstan
00:03:53 1 Etymology
00:04:41 2 History
00:05:18 2.1 Kazakh Khanate
00:08:08 2.2 Russian Empire
00:11:23 2.3 Soviet Union
00:15:57 2.4 Independence
00:17:07 3 Geography
00:20:17 3.1 Natural resources
00:22:52 3.2 Climate
00:23:18 3.3 Wildlife
00:24:19 3.4 Administrative divisions
00:25:30 3.5 Municipal divisions
00:26:22 3.6 Urban centres
00:26:31 4 Politics
00:26:40 4.1 Political system
00:27:53 4.2 Elections
00:30:14 4.3 Foreign relations
00:34:50 4.4 Military
00:37:25 4.5 Human rights
00:41:06 5 Economy
00:51:44 5.1 Agriculture
00:53:45 5.2 Infrastructure
00:58:53 5.3 Tourism
01:01:36 5.4 Green economy
01:02:25 5.5 Foreign direct investment
01:05:00 5.6 Banking
01:06:26 5.7 Bond market
01:07:09 5.8 Housing market
01:08:13 5.9 Nurly Jol economic policy
01:09:26 5.10 Economic competitiveness
01:10:24 5.11 Corruption
01:11:42 6 Science and technology
01:16:11 7 Demographics
01:17:26 7.1 Ethnic groups
01:19:24 7.2 Languages
01:20:25 7.3 Religion
01:23:26 7.4 Education
01:25:55 8 Culture
01:27:25 8.1 Literature
01:31:06 8.2 Music
01:35:45 8.3 Cuisine
01:36:23 8.4 Sport
01:41:45 8.5 Film
01:42:43 8.6 Media
01:43:48 8.7 UNESCO World Heritage sites
01:44:12 8.8 Public holidays
01:44:21 9 Membership of international organisations
01:45:27 10 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан, translit. Qazaqstan, IPA: [qɑzɑqˈstɑn] (listen); Russian: Казахстан, IPA: [kəzɐxˈstan]), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы, translit. Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Russian: Республика Казахстан, tr. Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of 2,724,900 square kilometres (1,052,100 sq mi). It is a transcontinental country largely located in Asia; the most western parts are located in Europe. Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil/gas industry. It also has vast mineral resources.Kazakhstan is officially a democratic, secular, unitary, constitutional republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Kazakhstan shares borders with Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, and also adjoins a large part of the Caspian Sea. The terrain of Kazakhstan includes flatlands, steppe, taiga, rock canyons, hills, deltas, snow-capped mountains, and deserts. Kazakhstan has an estimated 18.3 million people as of 2018. Given its large land area, its population density is among the lowest, at less than 6 people per square kilometre (15 people per sq mi). The capital is Astana, where it was moved in 1997 from Almaty, the country's largest city.
The territory of Kazakhstan has historically been inhabited by Turkic nomads who trace their ancestry to many Turkic states such as Turkic Khaganate etc. In the 13th century, the territory joined the Mongolian Empire under Genghis Khan. By the 16th century, the Kazakh emerged as a distinct group, divided into three jüz (ancestor branches occupying specific territories). The Russians began advancing into the Kazakh steppe in the 18th century, and by the mid-19th century, they nominally ruled all of Kazakhstan as part of the Russian Empire. Following the 1917 Russian Revolution, and subsequent civil war, the territory of Kazakhstan was reorganised several times. In 1936, it was made the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, part of the Soviet Union.
Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The current President, Nursultan Nazarbayev, has been leader of the country since then, and is characterised as authoritarian, with a government history of human rights abuses and suppression of political opposition. Kazakhstan has worked to develop its economy, especially its dominant hydrocarbon industry. Human Rights Watch says that Kazakhsta ...
Green Economy in Kazakhstan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:13 1 Kazakhstan 2050 Strategy
00:04:07 2 Legislation
00:04:49 3 Green Bridge Partnership Programme 2011-2020
00:06:16 4 Astana Expo 2017
00:06:58 4.1 International Support & Investment
00:07:24 5 Green housing in Astana
00:08:38 6 European Bank of Reconstruction and Development
00:10:02 7 Green Climate Fund
00:10:29 8 Renewable Energy Development
00:13:07 9 Water use
00:13:53 10 International organizations
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7318314310791363
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kazakhstan set the goal that its transition into the green economy will increase GDP by 3%, and create more than 500 thousand new jobs.Kazakhstan's green economy concept policy, adopted in 2013, aims to diversify the economy through careful use of natural resources. The project began in 2015 and is expected to continue through 2018.In June 2014, the Kazakh government set tariffs for energy produced by renewables in a bid to get three percent of electricity from cleaner sources by 2020. Kazakhstan plans to spend an average $3.2 billion a year along with investors to achieve its green goals by 2050 and cut carbon emissions by 40 percent in 2050 from 2012 levels.The Kazakh Ministry of Energy together with the Development Programme (UNDP) launched a joint program tackling country's electronic waste problem. The project aims at helping to improve the efficiency of services for collection, transportation, use, and disposal of this type of waste. Also, in order to reduce carbon emissions, Kazakhstan and the UNDP implement a project named Sustainable Cities for Low Carbon Development. The program covers 15 cities of Kazakhstan.In April 2016, the President of Kazakhstan signed the law “On introducing amendments and addenda to some legislative acts of Kazakhstan on the transition to green economy.” The amendments seek to improve legislation related to ecology and renewable energy.Kazakhstan actively attracts foreign investments to finance and develop green project in the country. For example, in late 2016 the European Investment Bank (EIB) signed two financing contracts for EUR 150 million and EUR 50 million that will help to implement the “Concept for the Transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to a Green Economy.”
Anti-nuclear initiatives of Kazakhstan
2003 Graduation Party - Part 2
Official Page: facebook.com/XJMUOfficial
Twitter Profile: twitter.com/XJMUOfficial
Xinjiang Medical University (XMU) (Chinese: 新疆医科大学; pinyin: Xīnjiāng Yīkē Dàxué; Uyghur: شىنجاڭ تىببىي ئۇنىۋېرسىتېت, ULY: Shinjang Tibbiy Universitet), formerly the Xinjiang Medical College, is a medical university in Ürümqi, the capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It was ratified by the National Ministry of Education in 1998 and entitled by Jiang Zemin.
The curriculum places a particular emphasis on medicine, management and linguistics, with the university facilitating 25 specialties for undergraduate students and 17 specialties for academic education. Over 50,000 students have been educated at XMU and in 2010, 13,100 students were enrolled at the university, with 5,405 people employed in teaching positions. XMU is situated at the base of Carp Hill in Northeast Ürümqi and consists of a campus size that is over 3 million square feet.
Chairman Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai ordered the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China to work with the Soviet Union Ministry of Foreign Affairs to build a new medical centre in Xinjiang city of Dihua (now the city of Ürümqi). The decision was based upon instructions provided by Saifuddin Azizi.
XMU was founded by incorporating the Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Xinjiang Medical University with the Xinjiang Medical College. Prior to incorporation, Xinjiang Medical College was amongst 156 key projects aided by the former Soviet Union during the First Five-year Plan period and began recruiting new students in 1956. During its sixty years of existence, XMU has received attention from a number of national and international leaders, including Chinese Communist Party officials and other provincial and urban figures across China.
Gulag | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:05 1 Brief history
00:08:39 2 Contemporary word usage and other terminology
00:10:33 3 History
00:10:42 3.1 Background
00:16:35 3.2 Formation and expansion under Stalin
00:20:39 3.3 The early years of Stalin's Gulag (1929–1931)
00:25:12 3.4 During World War II
00:25:21 3.4.1 Political role
00:29:06 3.4.2 Economic role
00:36:37 3.5 After World War II
00:43:33 4 Death toll
00:46:49 5 Gulag administrators
00:46:59 6 Conditions
00:52:48 6.1 Gulag and famine (1932–1933)
00:55:11 6.2 Social conditions
00:56:12 7 Geography
01:04:31 8 Special institutions
01:05:27 9 Historiography
01:05:37 9.1 Origins and functions of the Gulag
01:11:19 9.2 Archival documents
01:19:35 9.3 History of Gulag population estimates
01:25:39 10 Influence
01:25:49 10.1 Culture
01:27:46 10.1.1 Literature
01:38:09 10.2 Colonization
01:39:39 10.3 Life after term served
01:40:32 11 Gulag memorials
01:41:12 12 Gulag Museum
01:41:38 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7589880749111609
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Gulag (, UK also ; Russian: ГУЛаг [ɡʊˈlak] (listen), acronym of Main Administration of Camps) was the government agency in charge of the Soviet forced-labor camp-system that was set up under Vladimir Lenin and reached its peak during Joseph Stalin's rule from the 1930s to the early 1950s. English-language speakers also use the word gulag to refer to any forced-labor camp in the Soviet Union, including camps which existed in post-Stalin times. The camps housed a wide range of convicts, from petty criminals to political prisoners. Large numbers were convicted by simplified procedures, such as by NKVD troikas or by other instruments of extrajudicial punishment. The Gulag is recognized by many as a major instrument of political repression in the Soviet Union.
The agency was first administered by the GPU, later by the NKVD and in the final years by the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD). The Solovki prison camp, the first corrective labor camp constructed after the revolution, was established in 1918 and legalized by a decree On the creation of the forced-labor camps on April 15, 1919. The internment system grew rapidly, reaching a population of 100,000 in the 1920s. According to Nicolas Werth, author of The Black Book of Communism, the yearly mortality rate in the Soviet concentration camps strongly varied, reaching 5% (1933) and 20% (1942–1943) while dropping considerably in the post-war years (about 1 to 3% per year at the beginning of the 1950s). The emergent consensus among scholars who utilize official archival data is that of the 18 million who were sent to the Gulag from 1930 to 1953, roughly 1.5 to 1.7 million perished there or as a result of their detention. However, some historians who question the reliability of such data and instead rely heavily on literary sources come to higher estimations. Archival researchers have found no plan of destruction of the gulag population and no statement of official intent to kill them, and prisoner releases vastly exceeded the number of deaths in the Gulag.Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature, who survived eight years of Gulag incarceration, gave the term its international repute with the publication of The Gulag Archipelago in 1973. The author likened the scattered camps to a chain of islands, and as an eyewitness he described the Gulag as a system where people were worked to death.
In March 1940, there were 53 Gulag camp directorates (colloquially referred to as simply camps) and 423 labor colonies in the Soviet Union. Many mining and industrial towns and cities in northern and eastern Russia and in Kazakhstan such as Karaganda, Norilsk, Vorkuta and Magadan, were originally blocks of camps built by prisoners and subsequently run by ex-prisoners.
Debreceni VSC
Debreceni Vasutas Sport Club is a Hungarian professional football club, based in Debrecen, that plays in the Hungarian League. They are best known internationally for reaching the group stages of the UEFA Champions League 2009–10 season. Debrecen have been the most successful club since 2000 by winning the Hungarian League seven times.
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Strategic Defense Initiative | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Strategic Defense Initiative
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) was a proposed missile defense system intended to protect the United States from attack by ballistic strategic nuclear weapons (intercontinental ballistic missiles and submarine-launched ballistic missiles). The concept was first announced publicly by President Ronald Reagan on 23 March 1983. Reagan was a vocal critic of the doctrine of mutual assured destruction (MAD), which he described as a suicide pact, and he called upon the scientists and engineers of the United States to develop a system that would render nuclear weapons obsolete.
The Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO) was set up in 1984 within the United States Department of Defense to oversee development. A wide array of advanced weapon concepts, including lasers, particle beam weapons and ground- and space-based missile systems were studied, along with various sensor, command and control, and high-performance computer systems that would be needed to control a system consisting of hundreds of combat centers and satellites spanning the entire globe. A number of these concepts were tested through the late 1980s, and follow-on efforts and spin-offs continue to this day.
Under the SDIO's Innovative Sciences and Technology Office, headed by physicist and engineer Dr. James Ionson, the investment was predominantly made in basic research at national laboratories, universities, and in industry; these programs have continued to be key sources of funding for top research scientists in the fields of high-energy physics, supercomputing/computation, advanced materials, and many other critical science and engineering disciplines — funding which indirectly supports other research work by top scientists, and which would be politically impossible to fund outside of the defense budget environment.
In 1987, the American Physical Society concluded that the technologies being considered were decades away from being ready for use, and at least another decade of research was required to know whether such a system was even possible. After the publication of the APS report, SDIs budget was repeatedly cut. By the late 1980s, the effort had been re-focused on the Brilliant Pebbles concept using small orbiting missiles not unlike a conventional air-to-air missile, which was expected to be much less expensive to develop and deploy.
SDI was highly controversial throughout its history, and was criticized for threatening to destabilize the MAD-approach and to possibly re-ignite an offensive arms race. SDI was derisively nicknamed by Democratic Senator Ted Kennedy as Star Wars, after the popular 1977 film by George Lucas. By the early 1990s, with the Cold War ending and nuclear arsenals being rapidly reduced, political support for SDI collapsed. SDI officially ended in 1993, when the administration of President Bill Clinton redirected the efforts towards theatre ballistic missiles and renamed the agency the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO). BMDO was renamed the Missile Defense Agency in 2002.
Dissolution of the Soviet Union | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on 26 December 1991, officially granting self-governing independence to the Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). It was a result of the declaration number 142-Н of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or did not do so at all. On the previous day, 25 December, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and final leader of the USSR, resigned, declared his office extinct and handed over its powers—including control of the Soviet nuclear missile launching codes—to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. That evening at 7:32 p.m., the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the pre-revolutionary Russian flag.Previously, from August to December all the individual republics, including Russia itself, had either seceded from the union or at the very least denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR. The week before formal dissolution, eleven republics signed the Alma-Ata Protocol formally establishing the CIS and declaring that the USSR had ceased to exist. Both the Revolutions of 1989 and the dissolution of the USSR also marked the end of the Cold War.
Several of the former Soviet republics have retained close links with the Russian Federation and formed multilateral organizations such as the Commonwealth of Independent States, Eurasian Economic Community, the Union State, the Eurasian Customs Union and the Eurasian Economic Union to enhance economic and security cooperation. On the other hand, the Baltic states have joined NATO and the European Union.
Space Surveillance and Tracking System | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:14 1 History
00:03:23 1.1 National BMD
00:06:35 1.2 Lead up to SDI
00:11:28 2 Project and proposals
00:11:38 2.1 Announcement
00:12:06 2.2 Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO)
00:13:51 2.3 APS report
00:15:12 2.4 Strategic Defense System
00:16:59 2.5 Global Protection Against Limited Strikes (GPALS)
00:18:55 2.6 Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO)
00:19:32 3 Ground-based programs
00:19:41 3.1 Extended Range Interceptor (ERINT)
00:20:40 3.2 Homing Overlay Experiment (HOE)
00:23:51 3.3 ERIS and HEDI
00:24:30 4 Directed-energy weapon (DEW) programs
00:24:41 4.1 X-ray laser
00:26:54 4.2 Chemical laser
00:28:27 4.3 Neutral particle beam
00:29:17 4.4 Laser and mirror experiments
00:30:54 4.5 Hypervelocity Railgun (CHECMATE)
00:33:48 5 Space-based programs
00:33:58 5.1 Space-Based Interceptor (SBI)
00:34:44 5.2 Brilliant Pebbles
00:36:32 6 Sensor programs
00:37:04 6.1 Boost Surveillance and Tracking System (BSTS)
00:37:37 6.2 Space Surveillance and Tracking System (SSTS)
00:38:04 6.3 Brilliant Eyes
00:38:41 6.4 Other sensor experiments
00:39:23 7 Countermeasures
00:41:36 8 Response from the Soviet Union
00:45:19 9 Controversy and criticism
00:49:42 9.1 Treaty obligations
00:51:35 9.2 SDI and MAD
00:54:21 9.3 Non-ICBM delivery
00:54:49 9.4 Whistleblower
00:55:14 10 Timeline
00:55:23 11 Fiction and popular culture
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
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Speaking Rate: 0.9874117342313524
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) was a proposed missile defense system intended to protect the United States from attack by ballistic strategic nuclear weapons (intercontinental ballistic missiles and submarine-launched ballistic missiles). The concept was first announced publicly by President Ronald Reagan on 23 March 1983. Reagan was a vocal critic of the doctrine of mutual assured destruction (MAD), which he described as a suicide pact, and he called upon the scientists and engineers of the United States to develop a system that would render nuclear weapons obsolete.
The Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO) was set up in 1984 within the United States Department of Defense to oversee development. A wide array of advanced weapon concepts, including lasers, particle beam weapons and ground- and space-based missile systems were studied, along with various sensor, command and control, and high-performance computer systems that would be needed to control a system consisting of hundreds of combat centers and satellites spanning the entire globe. A number of these concepts were tested through the late 1980s, and follow-on efforts and spin-offs continue to this day.
Under the SDIO's Innovative Sciences and Technology Office, headed by physicist and engineer Dr. James Ionson, the investment was predominantly made in basic research at national laboratories, universities, and in industry; these programs have continued to be key sources of funding for top research scientists in the fields of high-energy physics, supercomputing/computation, advanced materials, and many other critical science and engineering disciplines — funding which indirectly supports other research work by top scientists, and which would be politically impossible to fund outside of the defense budget environment.
In 1987, the American Physical Society concluded that the technologies being considered were decades away from being ready for use, and at least another decade of research was required to know whether such a system was even possible. After the publication of the APS report, SDIs budget was repeatedly cut. By the late 1980s, the effort had been re-focused on the Brilliant Pebbles concept using small orbiting missiles not unlike a conventional air-to-air missile, which was expected to be much less expensive to develop and deploy.
SDI was co ...
Dissolution of the Soviet Union | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on 26 December 1991, officially granting self-governing independence to the Republics of the Soviet Union (USSR). It was a result of the declaration number 142-Н of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or did not do so at all. On the previous day, 25 December, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union, resigned, declared his office extinct and handed over its powers—including control of the Soviet nuclear missile launching codes—to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. That evening at 7:32 p.m., the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the pre-revolutionary Russian flag.Previously, from August to December all the individual republics, including Russia itself, had either seceded from the union or at the very least denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR. The week before formal dissolution, eleven republics signed the Alma-Ata Protocol formally establishing the CIS and declaring that the USSR had ceased to exist. Both the Revolutions of 1989 and the dissolution of the USSR also marked the end of the Cold War.
Several of the former Soviet republics have retained close links with the Russian Federation and formed multilateral organizations such as the Commonwealth of Independent States, Eurasian Economic Community, the Union State, the Eurasian Customs Union and the Eurasian Economic Union to enhance economic and security cooperation. On the other hand, the Baltic states have joined NATO and the European Union.