Aloysius Maria Benziger | Carmelite Missionary | Former Bishop of Quilon | Carmel Hill Monastery
Aloysious Maria Benziger was born in Einsiedeln, in Switzerland, on 31st January, 1864. His father was an illustrious citizen of Swiss Republic and was an officer of the army with title of the major. He also owned a publishing company. He had six children of whom four were sons and two daughters. Aloysious Maria Benziger was one among them. His first name was Adelrich. When he joined Carmelite first order he took the name Aloysious Maria Benziger. Benziger was his family name. He studied in commercial institute in Frankfurt, Germany. He passed the matriculation of the London University with distinction and he was awarded a silver medal in recognition of his outstanding capacity and diligent study.
He joined Carmelite Monastery in Belgium in May 1884.Having studied Theology in Ghent, he was ordained as a priest in 1888.He was appointed Co. Adjutor to the Bishop of Quilon in 1900.He succeeded Rt. Rev. Ferdinand Maria Ossi in 1905 as Bishop of Quilon. Aloysius Maria Benziger was an extraordinary man of God. People looked on him with awe and admiration. He was a holy man and hero. Education advanced tremendously in the Diocese of Quilon under his Excellency. Even St. Berchman's College, Changanassery, was built with some money provided by the Bishop Benziger. Benziger did a great lot to the cause of primary and secondary Education in the Diocese. During his tenure he upgraded St. Aloysius school and founded St. Joseph's School, Trivandrum in 1905.He also founded in 1905, C.F Teachers Training Institute at Kottiyam and St. Francis Institute at Nagercoil in 1907.
On 3rd July 1931, he resigned from The Bishopric of Quilon and returned to the monastery of Carmel Hill, Trivandrum. After his tenure he sought again obscurity under the garb of simple Carmelite priest and found shelter beneath the roof of an austere monastery. He died at Trivandrum on 17th August, 1942.At his death he was numbered among the friends of God by the people and his intercession was and is freely sought by them. To perpetuate the memory of his illustrious predecessor Bishop Aloysius Maria Benziger, Bishop Jerome Fernandez, the first Indian Bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Quilon, had the idea of erecting a befitting memorial. With the concurrence of the faithful of the diocese a decision was made to establish a hospital in 1948. Subsequently as a unit of the Bishop Benziger Hospital society Bishop Benziger College of Nursing was thus established by Bishop Stanley Roman in old Jyothi Niketen College Campus situated in the heart of Kollam town. The College of nursing started functioning in the year 2004, in the name of Bishop.
Timeline of Christian missions | Wikipedia audio article
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00:00:12 1 Apostolic Age
00:01:57 2 Early Christianity
00:05:57 3 Era of the seven Ecumenical Councils
00:16:04 4 Middle Ages
00:19:07 5 1000 to 1499
00:27:30 6 1500 to 1600
00:44:58 7 1600 to 1699
01:03:37 8 1700 to 1799
01:26:16 9 1800 to 1849
01:42:16 10 1850 to 1899
01:59:20 11 1900 to 1949
02:11:58 12 1950 to 1999
02:24:01 13 2000 to present
02:26:46 14 Footnotes
02:26:55 15 See also
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I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
This timeline of Christian missions chronicles the global expansion of Christianity through a listing of the most significant missionary outreach events.
Counter-Reformation | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:36 1 Precursor
00:08:33 2 Council of Trent
00:14:21 3 Religious orders
00:19:21 4 Politics in the Netherlands
00:22:25 5 Spiritual movements
00:25:26 6 Baroque art
00:26:47 6.1 Decrees on art
00:31:17 7 Church music
00:31:27 7.1 Reforms before the Council of Trent
00:34:13 7.2 Reforms during the 22nd session
00:38:17 7.2.1 Saviour-Legend
00:40:41 7.3 Reforms following the Council of Trent
00:46:37 8 Calendrical studies
00:48:50 9 Areas affected
00:49:35 10 Major figures
00:51:24 11 See also
00:52:04 12 Footnotes
00:52:14 13 Further reading
00:55:44 13.1 Primary sources
00:56:04 13.2 Historiography
00:57:14 14 External links
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Speaking Rate: 0.8154426933185664
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I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation, beginning with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War (1648). Initiated to preserve the power, influence and material wealth enjoyed by the Catholic Church and to present a theological and material challenge to Reformation, the Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of five major elements:
Defense of Catholic sacramental practice;
Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration;
Religious orders;
Spiritual movements;
Political dimensions.Such reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.It also involved political activities that included the Roman Inquisition. One primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert areas such as Sweden and England that were at one time Catholic, but had been Protestantized during the Reformation.Various Counter-Reformation theologians focused only on defending doctrinal positions such as the sacraments and pious practices that were attacked by the Protestant reformers, up to the Second Vatican Council in 1962–1965. One of the most dramatic moments at that council was the intervention of Belgian Bishop Émile-Joseph De Smed when, during the debate on the nature of the church, he called for an end to the triumphalism, clericalism, and juridicism that had typified the church in the previous centuries.Key events of the period include: the Council of Trent (1545–1563); the excommunication of Elizabeth I (1570) and the Battle of Lepanto (1571), both occurring during the pontificate of Pius V; the construction of the Gregorian observatory, the adoption of the Gregorian calendar, and the Jesuit China mission of Matteo Ricci under Pope Gregory XIII; the French Wars of Religion; the Long Turkish War and the execution of Giordano Bruno in 1600, under Pope Clement VIII; the birth of the Lyncean Academy of the Papal States, of which the main figure was Galileo Galilei (later put on trial); the final phases of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) during the pontificates of Urban VIII and Innocent X; and the formation of the last Holy League by Innocent XI during the Great Turkish War.
Counter-Reformation | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:44 1 Documents
00:03:53 1.1 iConfutatio Augustana/i
00:04:10 1.2 Council of Trent
00:09:23 1.3 iIndex Librorum Prohibitorum/i
00:10:10 1.4 iRoman Catechism/i
00:10:26 1.5 iNova ordinantia ecclesiastica/i
00:11:01 1.6 iDefensio Tridentinæ fidei/i
00:11:21 1.7 iUnigenitus/i
00:11:59 2 Politics
00:12:08 2.1 British isles
00:12:17 2.2 The Netherlands
00:15:00 2.3 Germany
00:16:20 2.3.1 Cologne
00:16:49 2.4 Belgium
00:16:57 2.5 Bohemia and Austria
00:18:51 2.6 France
00:19:33 2.7 Italy
00:19:41 2.8 Poland and Lithuania
00:19:50 2.9 Spain
00:19:58 2.10 Eastern Rites
00:20:07 2.10.1 Middle east
00:20:15 2.10.2 Ukraine
00:21:08 2.11 Areas affected
00:21:48 3 Spiritual movements
00:21:57 3.1 Precursors
00:26:25 3.2 Religious orders
00:30:55 3.3 Devotion and mysticism
00:33:41 3.4 Baroque art
00:34:54 3.4.1 Decrees on art
00:38:57 3.5 Church music
00:39:05 3.5.1 Reforms before the Council of Trent
00:41:41 3.5.2 Reforms during the 22nd session
00:45:21 3.5.3 Saviour-Legend
00:47:31 3.5.4 Reforms following the Council of Trent
00:52:38 3.6 Calendrical studies
00:54:57 4 Major figures
00:56:38 5 See also
00:57:09 6 Footnotes
00:57:18 7 Further reading
01:00:31 7.1 Primary sources
01:00:49 7.2 Historiography
01:01:53 8 External links
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Speaking Rate: 0.8699801136079592
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. It began with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and largely ended with the 1781 Patent of Toleration, although smaller expulsions of Protestants continued into the 19th century. Initiated to preserve the power, influence and material wealth enjoyed by the Catholic Church and to present a theological and material challenge to Reformation, the Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of apologetic and polemical documents, ecclesiastical reconfiguration as decreed by the Council of Trent, a series of wars, political maneuvering including the efforts of Imperial Diets of the Holy Roman Empire, exiling of Protestant populations, confiscation of Protestant children for Catholic institutionalized upbringing, heresy trials and the Inquisition, anti-corruption efforts, spiritual movements, and the founding of new religious orders.
Such reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.It also involved political activities that included the Roman Inquisition and the expulsion of hundreds of thousands of Protestants. One primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert areas such as Sweden and England that were at one time Catholic, but had been Protestantized during the Reformation.Various Counter-Reformation theologians focused only on defending doctrinal positions such as the sacraments and pious practices that were attacked by the Protestant reformers, up to the Second Vatican Council in 1962–1965. One of the most dramatic moments at that council was the intervention of Belgian Bishop Émile-Joseph De Smed when, during the debate on the nature of the church, he called for an end to the triumphalism, clericalism, and juridicism that had typified the church in the previous centuries.Key events of the period include: the Council of Trent ( ...
Counter-Reformation | Wikipedia audio article
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Counter-Reformation
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation, beginning with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War (1648). Initiated to preserve the power, influence and material wealth enjoyed by the Catholic Church and to present a theological and material challenge to Reformation, the Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of five major elements:
Reactionary defense of Catholic sacramental practice
Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration
Religious orders
Spiritual movements
Political dimensionsSuch reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.It also involved political activities that included the Roman Inquisition. One primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert areas such as Sweden and England that were at one time Catholic, but had been Protestantized during the Reformation.Various Counter-Reformation theologians focused only on defending doctrinal positions such as the sacraments and pious practices that were attacked by the Protestant reformers, up to the Second Vatican Council in 1962–1965. One of the most dramatic moments at that council was the intervention of Belgian Bishop Emiel-Jozef de Smedt when, during the debate on the nature of the church, he called for an end to the triumphalism, clericalism, and juridicism that had typified the church in the previous centuries.Key events of the period include: the Council of Trent (1545–1563); the excommunication of Elizabeth I (1570) and the Battle of Lepanto (1571), both occurring during the pontificate of Pius V; the adoption of the Gregorian Calendar and the Jesuit China mission of Matteo Ricci under Pope Gregory XIII; the French Wars of Religion; the Long Turkish War and the execution of Giordano Bruno in 1600, under Pope Clement VIII; the trial against Galileo Galilei; the final phases of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) during the pontificates of Urban VIII and Innocent X; and the formation of the last Holy League by Innocent XI during the Great Turkish War.
Catholic higher education | Wikipedia audio article
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Catholic higher education
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Catholic higher education includes universities, colleges, and other institutions of higher education privately run by the Catholic Church, typically by religious institutes. Those tied to the Holy See are specifically called pontifical universities.
By definition, Catholic canon law states that A Catholic school is understood to be one which is under control of the competent ecclesiastical authority or of a public ecclesiastical juridical person, or one which in a written document is acknowledged as Catholic by the ecclesiastical authority (Can. 803). Although some schools are deemed Catholic because of their identity and a great number of students enrolled are Catholics, it is also stipulated in canon law that no school, even if it is in fact Catholic, may bear the title 'Catholic school' except by the consent of the competent ecclesiastical authority (Can. 803 §3).
The Dominican Order was the first order instituted by the Church with an academic mission, founding studia conventualia in every convent of the order, and studia generalia at the early European universities such as the University of Bologna and the University of Paris. In Europe, most universities with medieval history were founded as Catholic. Many of them were rescinded to government authourities in the Modern era. Some, however, remained Catholic, while new ones were established alongside the public ones. The Catholic Church is still the largest non-governmental provider of higher education in the world. Many of them are still internationally competitive. According to the census of the Vatican's Congregation for Catholic Education, the total number of Catholic universities and higher education institutions around the world is 1,358. On the other hand, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops counts it at 1,861. The Catholic religious order with the highest number of universities around the world today is the Society of Jesus with 114.Like other private schools, Catholic universities and colleges are generally nondenominational, in that they accept anyone regardless of religious affiliation, nationality, ethnicity, or civil status, provided the admission or enrollment requirements and legal documents are submitted, and rules and regulations are obeyed for a fruitful life on campus. However, non-Catholics, whether Christian or not, may or may not participate in otherwise required campus activities, particularly those of a religious nature.
Counter-Reformation | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Counter-Reformation
00:02:52 1 Precursor
00:06:44 2 Council of Trent
00:11:17 3 Religious orders
00:15:10 4 Politics in the Netherlands
00:17:35 5 Spiritual movements
00:19:58 6 Baroque art
00:21:04 6.1 Decrees on art
00:24:35 7 Church music
00:24:44 7.1 Reforms before the Council of Trent
00:26:58 7.2 Reforms during the 22nd session
00:30:10 7.2.1 Saviour-Legend
00:32:04 7.3 Reforms following the Council of Trent
00:36:45 8 Calendrical studies
00:38:30 9 Areas affected
00:39:06 10 Major figures
00:40:33 11 See also
00:41:06 12 Footnotes
00:41:14 13 Further reading
00:44:01 13.1 Primary sources
00:44:18 13.2 Historiography
00:45:14 14 External links
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation, beginning with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War (1648). Initiated to preserve the power, influence and material wealth enjoyed by the Catholic Church and to present a theological and material challenge to Reformation, the Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of five major elements:
Defense of Catholic sacramental practice;
Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration;
Religious orders;
Spiritual movements;
Political dimensions.Such reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.It also involved political activities that included the Roman Inquisition. One primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert areas such as Sweden and England that were at one time Catholic, but had been Protestantized during the Reformation.Various Counter-Reformation theologians focused only on defending doctrinal positions such as the sacraments and pious practices that were attacked by the Protestant reformers, up to the Second Vatican Council in 1962–1965. One of the most dramatic moments at that council was the intervention of Belgian Bishop Émile-Joseph De Smed when, during the debate on the nature of the church, he called for an end to the triumphalism, clericalism, and juridicism that had typified the church in the previous centuries.Key events of the period include: the Council of Trent (1545–1563); the excommunication of Elizabeth I (1570) and the Battle of Lepanto (1571), both occurring during the pontificate of Pius V; the construction of the Gregorian observatory, the adoption of the Gregorian calendar, and the Jesuit China mission of Matteo Ricci under Pope Gregory XIII; the French Wars of Religion; the Long Turkish War and the execution of Giordano Bruno in 1600, under Pope Clement VIII; the birth of the Lyncean Academy of the Papal States, of which the main figure was Galileo Galilei (later put on trial); the final phases of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) during the pontificates of Urban VIII and Innocent X; and the formation of the last Holy League by Innocent XI during the Great Turkish War.
History of Catholic dogmatic theology | Wikipedia audio article
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History of Catholic dogmatic theology
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language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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SUMMARY
=======
The history of Catholic dogmatic theology divides into three main periods: the patristic, the medieval, the modern.
List of Catholic artists | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
List of Catholic artists
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
This list of Catholic artists concerns artists known, at least in part, for their works of religious Roman Catholic art. It may also include artists whose position as a Roman Catholic priest or missionary was vital to their artistic works or development. Because of the title, it is preferred that at least some of their artwork be in or commissioned for Catholic churches, which includes Eastern Catholic Churches in communion with the Pope.
Note that this is not a list of all artists who have ever been members of the Roman Catholic Church. Please do not add entries here without providing support for those artists having specifically Roman Catholic religious art among their works, or having Roman Catholicism as a major aspect in their careers as artists. Further, seeing as many to most Western European artists from the 5th century to the Protestant Reformation did at least some Catholic religious art, this list will supplement by linking to lists of artists of those eras rather than focusing on names of those eras.