Volgograd, Russia - The Motherland Calls
Volgograd is an important industrial city and the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. It is 80 kilometers long, north to south and is situated on the western bank of the Volga River, after which the city was named.
The city became famous for its resistance during the Battle of Stalingrad against the German Army in World War II. It is often regarded as the largest and bloodiest battle in the history of warfare.
A memorial complex commemorating the battle of Stalingrad, dominated by an immense allegorical sculpture The Motherland Calls, was erected on the Mamayev Kurgan, the hill that saw some of the most intense fighting during the battle. With its 85 meters it is almost twice the height of the Statue of Liberty; it is the tallest statue of a woman in the world.
The Panorama Museum sited on the Volga contains artifacts from World War II. These include a panoramic painting of the battlefield from the location of the monument on Mamayev Kurgan. A rifle of the famous sniper Vasily Zaytsev is also on display.
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World cup 2018 Russia| Russia 2018 stadiums| World Cup 2018 venues| FIFA world cup 2018| World cup
In this video I will show you the stadiums which will be used in FIFA World Cup Football 2017 Russia.
2018 FIFA World Cup stadiums
1. Kaliningrad Stadium, Kaliningrad 2. Krestovsky Stadium, Saint Petersburg 3. Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow 4. Otkrytiye Arena, Moscow 5. Kazan Arena, Kazan 6. Nizhny Novgorod Stadium, Nizhny Novgorod 7. Cosmos Arena, Samara 8. Volgograd Arena, Volgograd 9. Mordovia Arena, Saransk 10. Rostov Arena, Rostov-on-Don 11. Fisht Olympic Stadium, Sochi 12. Central Stadium, Yekaterinburg
1.Kaliningrad Stadium
This will be a two-tier stadium, equipped with ultramodern security systems and CCTV. It is on Oktyabrsky Island, right in the heart of Kaliningrad. After the 2018 World Cup, a new residential development will be built around the stadium, with parks, quays and embankments alongside the Pregola river.
Under construction
Location: Oktyabrsky Island
Capacity: 35,212
2. St Petersburg’s World Cup stadium
The seven-storey building will be 56.6 metres high. Technologically. It will be able to host any type of event at any time of year - even in winter, the temperature inside the stadium will be 15 degrees Celsius.
Location: Krestovsky Island
Capacity: 68,134
Founded in: 1703
Distance to Moscow: 687 km
3. Luzhniki Stadium
It was the national stadium of the Soviet Union, and is now the national stadium of Russia. In 1992, the stadium was renamed Luzhniki Stadium.
Built: In 1955–56
Officially opened: On 31 July 1956
The original stadium was demolished in 2013
New stadium: Construction progress in March 2017
Capacity: 81,000 seats all covered.
4. Otkrytiye Arena Moscow
The new stadium will be named Otkrytiye Arena. The new stadium is included in the Russia's bid for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, possibly hosting the opening game, as the Luzhniki Stadium is to host the final.
Location: On the site of the Tushino Airport
Capacity: 45,360
5. Kazan Arena
The stadium has the largest outside screen in Europe. The architectural concept has been designed by Populous; according to lead designer Damon Lavelle , the stadium is a unique response to the local culture and place.
Capacity: 45 000
Cost: 450 mln $
Construction: 2010 - 2013
Design time: 2009
6. Nizhny Novgorod Stadium Nizhny Novgorod
In its favor is a high-speed rail link from Moscow and a population of 1.3 million that can sustain a world class stadium of a 45,000 capacity - to be built on an island in the midst of the Volga.
Capacity: 44,899
Location: About 420 kilometers east of Moscow
7. Cosmos Arena
The Cosmos Arena is scheduled to host four first round group matches, one round of 16 match, and one quarter-final. The stadium will be built in another place (instead of a river port between two rivers, the Volga and Samarka.
Under construction
Construction area: 32-40 hectares
The length of bank protection 2,000 - 8,000 meters.
Capacity: 44,918
Cost estimated at $320 million.
8. Volgograd Arena
The Stadium will be built on site of the demolished Central Stadium,, near the Volga River. The previous stadium was built in 1958, on the site of a former oil depot.
Founded in: 1589 named Stalingrad until 1961
Distance to Moscow: 941 km
Capacity: 22990 - 45000
Year: 2016-17 reconstruction
Parking places: 700 underground
9. Mordovia Arena Saransk
After the tournament highest rows will be dismantled and bring numbers to 28,000 seats. Empty space will be filled by a promenade with recreation and commercial spaces overlooking the pitch.
Target capacity: 44 442
Construction: 2011-2017
Cost: RUB 15,88 billion
Design: Saransk Grazhdan Proekt
Design time: 2011
Contractor: SDS - Upravlenie Stroitelstva
10. Rostov Arena Rostov-on-Don
In 2011, the final design was presented by Populous. It will be the first large project built on the southern bank of the Don River. In August 2013, work began, completed in May 2014. In December 2015, work began on the installation of the metal roof frame.
Capacity: 45,000.
11.Fisht Olympic Stadium, Sochi
It is an open-air stadium in Sochi, Russia and named after Mount Fisht. It will host four first round group games, one round of 16 match, and one quarter-final. The city of Adler also contains Sochi’s international airport and has a major train station. The stadium lies roughly 12 kilometres from the airport and 11 kilometers from the rail station.
Location: On the shore of the Black Sea
Capacity: 47,659
Cost: US $779 million
Architect: Populous
12. Central Stadium Yekaterinburg
The stadium will provide three types of seats, including special places for people with disabilities and sectors for the fans. In the east and west stands 30% of seats will be placed under a canopy. Security systems, surveillance, telecommunications, video feed and audio experience will enable high levels of service and safety to the stadium.
Built: 1953-1957
Capacity: 35,000
Belgrade
Belgrade ; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. Its name translates to White city. The city has a population of 1.23 million, while over 1.65 million people live in its metro area .
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Belgrade | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Belgrade
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Belgrade ( BEL-grayd; Serbian: Beograd / Београд, meaning white city, Serbian pronunciation: [beǒɡrad] (listen); names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. The urban area of the City of Belgrade has a population of 1.23 million, while nearly 1.7 million people live within its administrative limits.One of the most important prehistoric cultures of Europe, the Vinča culture, evolved within the Belgrade area in the 6th millennium BC. In antiquity, Thraco-Dacians inhabited the region and after 279 BC Celts conquered the city, naming it Singidūn. It was conquered by the Romans during the reign of Augustus, and awarded city rights in the mid-2nd century. It was settled by the Slavs in the 520s, and changed hands several times between the Byzantine Empire, Frankish Empire, Bulgarian Empire and Kingdom of Hungary before it became the capital of Serbian king Stephen Dragutin (1282–1316). In 1521, Belgrade was conquered by the Ottoman Empire and became the seat of the Sanjak of Smederevo. It frequently passed from Ottoman to Habsburg rule, which saw the destruction of most of the city during the Austro-Ottoman wars. Belgrade was again named the capital of Serbia in 1841. Northern Belgrade remained the southernmost Habsburg post until 1918, when the city was reunited. As a strategic location, the city was battled over in 115 wars and razed 44 times. Belgrade was the capital of Yugoslavia from its creation in 1918 to its dissolution in 2006.
Belgrade has a special administrative status within Serbia and it is one of five statistical regions of Serbia. Its metropolitan territory is divided into 17 municipalities, each with its own local council. The city of Belgrade covers 3.6% of Serbia's territory, and around 24% of the country's population lives within its administrative limits. It is classified as a Beta-Global City.
Belgrade | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Belgrade
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Belgrade ( BEL-grayd; Serbian: Beograd / Београд, meaning white city, Serbian pronunciation: [beǒɡrad] ( listen); names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. The urban area of the City of Belgrade has a population of 1.23 million, while nearly 1.7 million people live within its administrative limits.One of the most important prehistoric cultures of Europe, the Vinča culture, evolved within the Belgrade area in the 6th millennium BC. In antiquity, Thraco-Dacians inhabited the region and after 279 BC Celts conquered the city, naming it Singidūn. It was conquered by the Romans during the reign of Augustus, and awarded city rights in the mid-2nd century. It was settled by the Slavs in the 520s, and changed hands several times between the Byzantine Empire, Frankish Empire, Bulgarian Empire and Kingdom of Hungary before it became the capital of Serbian king Stephen Dragutin (1282–1316). In 1521, Belgrade was conquered by the Ottoman Empire and became the seat of the Sanjak of Smederevo. It frequently passed from Ottoman to Habsburg rule, which saw the destruction of most of the city during the Austro-Ottoman wars. Belgrade was again named the capital of Serbia in 1841. Northern Belgrade remained the southernmost Habsburg post until 1918, when the city was reunited. As a strategic location, the city was battled over in 115 wars and razed 44 times. Belgrade was the capital of Yugoslavia from its creation in 1918 to its dissolution in 2006.
Belgrade has a special administrative status within Serbia and it is one of five statistical regions of Serbia. Its metropolitan territory is divided into 17 municipalities, each with its own local council. The city of Belgrade covers 3.6% of Serbia's territory, and around 24% of the country's population lives within its administrative limits. It is classified as a Beta-Global City.
Kiev | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kiev
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kiev ( KEE-ef, -ev) or Kyiv (Ukrainian: Київ, translit. Kyiv [ˈkɪjiu̯] (listen); Russian: Киев, translit. Kiyev [ˈkʲi(j)ɪf]; Old East Slavic: Кыѥвъ, translit. Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper. The population in July 2015 was 2,887,974 (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe.Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational, and cultural centre of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.
The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders (see Name, below). During its history, Kiev, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of great prominence and relative obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial centre as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars, until seized by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became a capital of the Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasion in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours; first the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, followed by Poland and Russia.The city prospered again during the Russian Empire's Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century. In 1917, after the Ukrainian National Republic declared independence from the Russian Empire, Kiev became its capital. From 1921 onwards Kiev was a city of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was proclaimed by the Red Army, and, from 1934, Kiev was its capital. During World War II, the city again suffered significant damage, but quickly recovered in the post-war years, remaining the third largest city of the Soviet Union.
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, Kiev remained the capital of Ukraine and experienced a steady migration influx of ethnic Ukrainians from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, Kiev has continued to be Ukraine's largest and richest city. Kiev's armament-dependent industrial output fell after the Soviet collapse, adversely affecting science and technology. But new sectors of the economy such as services and finance facilitated Kiev's growth in salaries and investment, as well as providing continuous funding for the development of housing and urban infrastructure. Kiev emerged as the most pro-Western region of Ukraine where parties advocating tighter integration with the European Union dominate during elections.
Belgrade | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:30 1 History
00:02:39 1.1 Prehistory
00:04:33 1.2 Antiquity
00:06:35 1.3 Middle Ages
00:10:46 1.4 Ottoman rule and Austrian invasions
00:12:52 1.5 Principality of Serbia
00:17:23 1.6 Kingdom of Serbia
00:18:41 1.7 World War I
00:19:58 1.8 Kingdom of Yugoslavia
00:21:28 1.9 World War II
00:24:11 1.10 Socialist Yugoslavia
00:25:06 1.11 Breakup of Yugoslavia
00:26:43 1.12 Modern Belgrade
00:28:06 2 Geography
00:31:38 2.1 Climate
00:33:09 3 Administration
00:34:16 3.1 Capital city
00:34:50 3.2 Municipalities
00:35:53 4 Demographics
00:38:43 5 Economy
00:42:39 6 Culture
00:45:46 6.1 Museums
00:50:10 6.2 Architecture
00:52:13 6.3 Tourism
00:58:46 6.4 Nightlife
01:01:10 6.5 Sport
01:03:14 6.6 Fashion and design
01:04:29 7 Media
01:06:04 8 Education
01:07:25 9 Transportation
01:11:27 10 International cooperation and honours
01:13:11 11 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8930637863967267
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Belgrade ( BEL-grayd; Serbian: Beograd / Београд, meaning 'white city', Serbian pronunciation: [beǒɡrad] (listen); names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and the crossroads of the Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. The urban area of the City of Belgrade has a population of 1.23 million, while nearly 1.7 million people live within its administrative limits.One of the most important prehistoric cultures of Europe, the Vinča culture, evolved within the Belgrade area in the 6th millennium BC. In antiquity, Thraco–Dacians inhabited the region and, after 279 BC, Celts settled the city, naming it Singidūn. It was conquered by the Romans under the reign of Augustus and awarded Roman city rights in the mid-2nd century. It was settled by the Slavs in the 520s, and changed hands several times between the Byzantine Empire, the Frankish Empire, the Bulgarian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary before it became the seat of the Serbian king Stefan Dragutin (ruled 1282–1316). In 1521, Belgrade was conquered by the Ottoman Empire and became the seat of the Sanjak of Smederevo. It frequently passed from Ottoman to Habsburg rule, which saw the destruction of most of the city during the Austro-Ottoman wars. Belgrade was again named the capital of Serbia in 1841. Northern Belgrade remained the southernmost Habsburg post until 1918, when the city was reunited. In a fatally strategic position, the city was battled over in 115 wars and razed 44 times. Belgrade was the capital of Yugoslavia from its creation in 1918 to its dissolution in 2006.
Belgrade has special administrative status within Serbia and is one of the five statistical regions that make up the country. Its metropolitan territory is divided into 17 municipalities, each with its own local council. The city of Belgrade covers 3.6% of Serbia's territory, and around 24% of the country's population lives within its administrative limits. It is classified as a Beta-Global City.
Kiev | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:44 1 Name
00:07:22 2 History
00:23:46 3 Environment
00:23:55 3.1 Geography
00:26:51 3.2 Climate
00:28:13 4 Legal status, local government and politics
00:28:24 4.1 Legal status and local government
00:30:59 4.2 Politics
00:31:53 4.3 Subdivisions
00:32:01 4.3.1 Traditional subdivision
00:32:55 4.3.2 Formal subdivision
00:34:55 5 Demographics
00:35:17 5.1 Historical population
00:36:37 5.2 Ethnic composition
00:39:37 5.3 Jewish community
00:40:08 6 Cityscape
00:45:03 7 Culture
00:47:32 7.1 Attractions
00:51:38 7.2 Museums and galleries
00:53:19 7.3 Sports
00:55:47 7.4 Tourism
00:56:35 7.5 Kiev city anthem
00:57:06 8 Economy
01:00:46 8.1 Industry
01:01:27 8.2 Manufacture
01:02:13 9 Education and science
01:02:22 9.1 Scientific research
01:02:55 9.2 University education
01:04:02 9.3 Secondary education
01:04:30 9.4 Public libraries
01:05:28 10 Transportation
01:05:37 10.1 Local public transport
01:09:00 10.2 Roads and bridges
01:09:52 10.3 Air transport
01:10:28 10.4 Railways
01:13:01 11 International relations
01:13:10 11.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:13:41 11.2 Other cooperation agreements
01:14:03 12 Notable people from Kiev
01:16:40 13 Honour
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7078111178759842
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kiev ( KEE-ef, -ev) or Kyiv (Ukrainian: Київ, translit. Kyiv [ˈkɪjiu̯] (listen); Russian: Киев, translit. Kiyev [ˈkʲi(j)ɪf]) is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine, located in the north-central part of the country on the Dnieper. The population in July 2015 was 2,887,974 (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe.Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational and cultural center of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.
The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders (see Name, below). During its history, Kiev, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of great prominence and relative obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial centre as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars, until its capture by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became a capital of the Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasions in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours; first by Lithuania, followed by Poland and ultimately Russia.The city prospered again during the Russian Empire's Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century. In 1917, after the Ukrainian National Republic declared independence from the Russian Empire, Kiev became its capital. From 1921 onwards Kiev was a city of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was proclaimed by the Red Army, and, from 1934, Kiev was its capital. During World War II, the city again suffered significant damage, but quickly recovered in the post-war years, remaining the third largest city of the Soviet Union.
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, Kiev remained the capital of Ukraine and experienced a steady migration influx of ethnic Ukrainians from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, Kiev has continued to be Ukraine's largest and richest city. Kiev's armament-depen ...
Kiev | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:59 1 Name
00:07:48 2 History
00:24:41 3 Environment
00:24:50 3.1 Geography
00:27:55 3.2 Climate
00:29:20 4 Legal status, local government and politics
00:29:32 4.1 Legal status and local government
00:32:15 4.2 Politics
00:33:12 4.3 Subdivisions
00:33:21 4.3.1 Traditional subdivision
00:34:18 4.3.2 Formal subdivision
00:36:23 5 Demographics
00:36:47 5.1 Historical population
00:38:12 5.2 Ethnic composition
00:41:21 5.3 Jewish community
00:41:53 6 Cityscape
00:47:05 7 Culture
00:49:44 7.1 Attractions
00:54:00 7.2 Museums and galleries
00:55:45 7.3 Sports
00:58:18 7.4 Tourism
00:59:07 7.5 Kiev city anthem
00:59:41 8 Economy
01:03:29 8.1 Industry
01:04:12 8.2 Manufacture
01:04:58 9 Education and science
01:05:08 9.1 Scientific research
01:05:42 9.2 University education
01:06:51 9.3 Secondary education
01:07:21 9.4 Public libraries
01:08:22 10 Transportation
01:08:32 10.1 Local public transport
01:12:03 10.2 Roads and bridges
01:12:58 10.3 Air transport
01:13:36 10.4 Railways
01:16:14 11 International relations
01:16:25 11.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:16:57 11.2 Other cooperation agreements
01:17:19 12 Notable people from Kiev
01:19:54 13 Honour
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8290373945690813
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kiev ( KEE-ef, -ev) or Kyiv (Ukrainian: Київ, translit. Kyiv [ˈkɪjiu̯] (listen); Russian: Киев, translit. Kiyev [ˈkʲi(j)ɪf]; Old East Slavic: Кыѥвъ, translit. Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper. The population in July 2015 was 2,887,974 (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe.Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational, and cultural centre of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.
The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders (see Name, below). During its history, Kiev, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of great prominence and relative obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial centre as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars, until seized by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became a capital of the Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasion in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours; first the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, followed by Poland and Russia.The city prospered again during the Russian Empire's Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century. In 1917, after the Ukrainian National Republic declared independence from the Russian Empire, Kiev became its capital. From 1921 onwards Kiev was a city of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was proclaimed by the Red Army, and, from 1934, Kiev was its capital. During World War II, the city again suffered significant damage, but quickly recovered in the post-war years, remaining the third largest city of the Soviet Union.
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, Kiev remained the capital of Ukraine and experienced a steady migration influx of ethnic Ukrainians from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, Kiev has continued to be Ukraine's largest an ...
Kiev | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kiev
00:03:10 1 Name
00:06:10 2 History
00:19:30 3 Environment
00:19:39 3.1 Geography
00:22:05 3.2 Climate
00:23:13 4 Legal status, local government and politics
00:23:25 4.1 Legal status and local government
00:25:35 4.2 Politics
00:26:21 4.3 Subdivisions
00:26:30 4.3.1 Traditional subdivision
00:27:17 4.3.2 Formal subdivision
00:28:55 5 Demographics
00:29:16 5.1 Historical population
00:30:26 5.2 Ethnic composition
00:33:00 5.3 Jewish community
00:33:27 6 Cityscape
00:37:37 7 Culture
00:39:44 7.1 Attractions
00:43:08 7.2 Museums and galleries
00:44:32 7.3 Sports
00:46:34 7.4 Tourism
00:47:14 7.5 Kiev city anthem
00:47:42 8 Economy
00:50:44 8.1 Industry
00:51:21 8.2 Manufacture
00:52:00 9 Education and science
00:52:10 9.1 Scientific research
00:52:38 9.2 University education
00:53:34 9.3 Secondary education
00:53:58 9.4 Public libraries
00:54:47 10 Transportation
00:54:56 10.1 Local public transport
00:57:44 10.2 Roads and bridges
00:58:29 10.3 Air transport
00:59:01 10.4 Railways
01:01:05 11 International relations
01:01:15 11.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:01:43 11.2 Other cooperation agreements
01:02:01 12 Notable people from Kiev
01:04:09 13 Honour
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Kiev ( KEE-ef, -ev) or Kyiv (Ukrainian: Київ, translit. Kyiv [ˈkɪjiu̯] (listen); Russian: Киев, translit. Kiyev [ˈkʲi(j)ɪf]; Old East Slavic: Кыѥвъ, translit. Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper. The population in July 2015 was 2,887,974 (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe.Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational, and cultural centre of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.
The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders (see Name, below). During its history, Kiev, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of great prominence and relative obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial centre as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars, until seized by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became a capital of the Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasion in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours; first the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, followed by Poland and Russia.The city prospered again during the Russian Empire's Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century. In 1917, after the Ukrainian National Republic declared independence from the Russian Empire, Kiev became its capital. From 1921 onwards Kiev was a city of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was proclaimed by the Red Army, and, from 1934, Kiev was its capital. During World War II, the city again suffered significant damage, but quickly recovered in the post-war years, remaining the third largest city of the Soviet Union.
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, Kiev remained the capital of Ukraine and experienced a steady migration influx of ethnic Ukrainians from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, Kiev has continued to be Ukraine's largest and richest city. Kiev's armament-dependent industrial output fell after the Soviet collapse, adversely affecting science and technology. But new sectors of the economy such as services and f ...