The Bozeman Trail: A Rush to Montana's Gold
The Bozeman Trail was an offshoot of the Oregon Trail, a shortcut to the newly discovered gold fields of Montana Territory. Cutting through the heart of Indian country. It became a flash point for a clash of cultures that would explode into warfare, destruction and tragedy. First telecast March, 2019.
FNN: Police chase in Dallas; Cypress incident in church parking lot; Pentagon MLK Day observance
Sharing a mix of breaking news, Arizona stories, engaging discussions, and popular culture.
2018 Commencement | Howard Community College (HCC)
HCC students, their friends and families, college faculty and staff, and elected officials gathered at UMBC’s Retriever Activities Center on Tuesday, May 22, 2018, for the college’s 47th commencement ceremony. It was the largest commencement ceremony in college history, with a total of 1,365 student candidates for graduation.
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Howard Community College (HCC) is the preferred college choice for students and families in Howard County, Maryland. A public community college, HCC offers associate degree and certificate programs, and workforce development training and continuing education classes, to nearly 30,000 students each year.
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Baton Rouge (/ˌbætən ˈruːʒ/; French for Red Stick, French: Bâton-Rouge [batɔ̃ ʁuʒ] ( )) is the capital of the U.S. state of Louisiana and its second-largest city. The seat of East Baton Rouge Parish, the city is located on the banks of the Mississippi River.
As the Capital City, Baton Rouge is the political hub for Louisiana, and is the second largest metropolitan city in the state with a growing population of 229,426 people as of 2013. The metropolitan area surrounding the city, known as Greater Baton Rouge, has a population of 820,159 people as of 2013. The urban area has around 594,309 inhabitants.
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African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896) | Wikipedia audio article
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African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896)
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896) was aimed at eliminating racial discrimination against African Americans, improving educational and employment opportunities, and establishing electoral power, just after the abolition of Slavery in the United States. This period between 1865 and 1895 saw tremendous change in the fortunes of the black community following the elimination of slavery in the South.
The year 1865 held two important events in the history of African Americans: the Thirteenth Amendment, which eliminated slavery, was ratified; and Union troops arrived in June in Texas to enforce the Emancipation Proclamation, giving birth to the modern Juneteenth celebrations. Freedmen looked to start new lives as the country recovered from the devastation of the Civil War.
Immediately following the Civil War, the federal government began a program known as Reconstruction aimed at rebuilding the states of the former Confederacy. The federal programs also provided aid to the former slaves and attempted to integrate them as citizens into society. During and after this period, blacks made substantial gains in their political power and many were able to move from abject poverty to land ownership. At the same time resentment by many whites toward these gains resulted in unprecedented violence led by the local chapters of the Ku Klux Klan, and later in the 1870s by such paramilitary groups as the Red Shirts and White League.
In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson, a landmark upholding separate but equal racial segregation as constitutional. It was a devastating setback for civil rights, as the legal, social, and political status of the black population reached a nadir. From 1890 to 1908, beginning with Mississippi, southern states passed new constitutions and laws disenfranchising most blacks and excluding them from the political system, a status that was maintained in many cases into the 1960s.
Much of the early reform movement during this era was spearheaded by the Radical Republicans, a faction of the Republican Party. By the end of the 19th century, with disenfranchisement in progress to exclude blacks from the political system altogether, the so-called lily-white movement also worked to substantially weaken the power of remaining blacks in the party. The most important civil rights leaders of this period were Frederick Douglass (1818–1895) and Booker T. Washington (1856–1915).
African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896) | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896)
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896) was aimed at eliminating racial discrimination against African Americans, improving educational and employment opportunities, and establishing electoral power, just after the abolition of Slavery in the United States. This period between 1865 and 1895 saw tremendous change in the fortunes of the black community following the elimination of slavery in the South.
The year 1865 held two important events in the history of African Americans: the Thirteenth Amendment, which eliminated slavery, was ratified; and Union troops arrived in June in Texas to enforce the Emancipation Proclamation, giving birth to the modern Juneteenth celebrations. Freedmen looked to start new lives as the country recovered from the devastation of the Civil War.
Immediately following the Civil War, the federal government began a program known as Reconstruction aimed at rebuilding the states of the former Confederacy. The federal programs also provided aid to the former slaves and attempted to integrate them as citizens into society. During and after this period, blacks made substantial gains in their political power and many were able to move from abject poverty to land ownership. At the same time resentment by many whites toward these gains resulted in unprecedented violence led by the local chapters of the Ku Klux Klan, and later in the 1870s by such paramilitary groups as the Red Shirts and White League.
In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson, a landmark upholding separate but equal racial segregation as constitutional. It was a devastating setback for civil rights, as the legal, social, and political status of the black population reached a nadir. From 1890 to 1908, beginning with Mississippi, southern states passed new constitutions and laws disenfranchising most blacks and excluding them from the political system, a status that was maintained in many cases into the 1960s.
Much of the early reform movement during this era was spearheaded by the Radical Republicans, a faction of the Republican Party. By the end of the 19th century, with disenfranchisement in progress to exclude blacks from the political system altogether, the so-called lily-white movement also worked to substantially weaken the power of remaining blacks in the party. The most important civil rights leaders of this period were Frederick Douglass (1818–1895) and Booker T. Washington (1856–1915).
Talcott Parsons | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:13 1 Early life
00:03:57 2 Education
00:04:06 2.1 Amherst College
00:06:32 2.2 London School of Economics
00:07:31 2.3 University of Heidelberg
00:10:05 3 Early academic career
00:10:15 3.1 Harvard
00:10:23 3.1.1 Economics Department
00:11:54 3.1.2 Harvard Sociology Department
00:15:59 3.2 Neoclassical economics vs. institutionalists
00:17:28 3.3 Anti-Nazism
00:19:21 4 Second World War
00:21:50 4.1 Intellectual exchanges
00:29:26 4.2 Taking charge at Harvard
00:31:34 5 Postwar
00:31:43 5.1 Russian Research Center
00:32:54 5.2 Anticommunism
00:35:30 5.3 American exceptionalism
00:37:42 5.4 Defender of modernity
00:39:07 5.5 Harvard Department of Social Relations
00:42:14 5.6 iThe Social System/i and iToward a General Theory of Action/i
00:46:01 5.7 Subscriber to systems theory
00:48:34 5.8 McCarthy era
00:50:35 5.9 iFamily, Socialization and Interaction Process/i
00:53:24 5.10 Center of Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences
00:55:11 6 Later career
00:55:20 6.1 Public conferences
00:56:51 6.2 Criticism of theories
00:58:46 6.3 Democrat supporter
01:00:01 6.4 Modernization theory influence
01:01:24 6.5 Interest in religion
01:03:41 6.6 Criticism of Riesman
01:05:40 6.7 Political power and social influence
01:07:46 6.8 Contacts with other scholars
01:09:14 6.9 Opposition to Frankfurt School
01:10:27 6.10 Ethnicity, kinship, and diffuse solidarity
01:16:45 6.11 Systems theory on biological and social systems
01:18:28 6.12 Sociology of law
01:19:36 6.13 Criticism of Bendix
01:21:40 6.14 Study of US university
01:22:55 7 Retirement
01:23:47 7.1 Brown seminars
01:24:47 7.2 Refinement of AGIL model
01:26:05 7.3 Sick role theory
01:27:28 7.4 Criticism of broken covenant theory
01:28:44 7.5 Symbolic interactionism
01:29:53 7.6 Review of Piaget
01:31:29 7.7 Lectures in Japan
01:36:00 8 Death
01:36:29 9 Work
01:38:37 9.1 iThe Structure of Social Action/i
01:39:56 9.2 Action theory
01:41:41 9.3 Relations to cybernetics and system theory
01:44:08 9.4 Unified concept of social science
01:47:17 9.5 Parsons and Habermas
01:48:24 9.6 General theory
01:52:46 9.7 AGIL paradigm
01:57:44 9.8 Social evolutionism
01:59:10 9.9 Pattern variables
02:00:06 10 Legacy
02:01:20 11 Selected bibliography
02:01:30 11.1 Author
02:02:21 11.2 Compilations
02:03:02 11.3 Translations
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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Speaking Rate: 0.9927071544851718
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Talcott Parsons (1902–1979) was an American sociologist of the classical tradition, best known for his social action theory and structural functionalism. Parsons is considered one of the most influential figures in sociology in the 20th century. After earning a PhD in economics, he served on the faculty at Harvard University from 1927 to 1929. In 1930, he was among the first professors in its new sociology department.Based on empirical data, Parsons' social action theory was the first broad, systematic, and generalizable theory of social systems developed in the United States and Europe. Some of Parsons' largest contributions to sociology in the English-speaking world were his translations of Max Weber's work and his analyses of works by Weber, Émile Durkheim, and Vilfredo Pareto. Their work heavily influenced Parsons' view and was the foundation for his social action theory. Parsons viewed voluntaristic action through the lens of the cultural values and social structures that constrain choices and ultimately determine all social actions, as opposed to actions that are determined based on internal psychological processes.Although Parsons is generally considered a structural functionalist, towards the end of his career, in 1975, he published an article that stated that functional and structural functionalist were inappropriate ways to describe the character of his theory.From the 1970s, a new generation of sociologi ...
African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896) | Wikipedia audio article | Wikipedia audio ...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896) | Wikipedia audio article
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896) was aimed at eliminating racial discrimination against African Americans, improving educational and employment opportunities, and establishing electoral power, just after the abolition of Slavery in the United States. This period between 1865 and 1895 saw tremendous change in the fortunes of the black community following the elimination of slavery in the South.
The year 1865 held two important events in the history of African Americans: the Thirteenth Amendment, which eliminated slavery, was ratified; and Union troops arrived in June in Texas to enforce the Emancipation Proclamation, giving birth to the modern Juneteenth celebrations. Freedmen looked to start new lives as the country recovered from the devastation of the Civil War.
Immediately following the Civil War, the federal government began a program known as Reconstruction aimed at rebuilding the states of the former Confederacy. The federal programs also provided aid to the former slaves and attempted to integrate them as citizens into society. During and after this period, blacks made substantial gains in their political power and many were able to move from abject poverty to land ownership. At the same time resentment by many whites toward these gains resulted in unprecedented violence led by the local chapters of the Ku Klux Klan, and later in the 1870s by such paramilitary groups as the Red Shirts and White League.
In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson, a landmark upholding separate but equal racial segregation as constitutional. It was a devastating setback for civil rights, as the legal, social, and political status of the black population reached a nadir. From 1890 to 1908, beginning with Mississippi, southern states passed new constitutions and laws disenfranchising most blacks and excluding them from the political system, a status that was maintained in many cases into the 1960s.
Much of the early reform movement during this era was spearheaded by the Radical Republicans, a faction of the Republican Party. By the end of the 19th century, with disenfranchisement in progress to exclude blacks from the political system altogether, the so-called lily-white movement also worked to substantially weaken the power of remaining blacks in the party. The most important civil rights leaders of this period were Frederick Douglass (1818–1895) and Booker T. Washington (1856–1915).
1970 in music
List of notable events in music that took place in the year 1970.
This video is targeted to blind users.
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Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video