Communication Museum

The New MUST - VISIT Place in the Center of Moscow / Travel Guide 2019 with Different Russia

The Polytechnic Museum (Russian: Политехнический музей) is one of the oldest science museums in the world and is located in Moscow. It showcases Russian and Soviet technology and science, as well as modern inventions. It was founded in 1872 after the first All-Russian Technical Exhibition on the bicentennial anniversary of the birth of Peter the Great at the initiative of the Society of Devotees of Natural Science, Anthropology, and Ethnography. The first stage of the museum was designed by Ippolit Monighetti and completed in 1877. The north wing was added in 1896 and the south wing in 1907.

The Polytechnic Museum is the largest technical museum in Russia, and houses a wide range of historical inventions and technological achievements, including humanoid automata of the 18th century, and the first Soviet computers. The collection contains over 160,000 items in 65 halls including, chemistry, mining, metallurgy, transport, energy, optics, automation, computer engineering, radio electronics, communications, and space exploration. Highlights include the first achromatic telescope; an early solar microscope by German anatomists Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn; an early seismograph by Boris Borisovich Galitzine; galvanoplastics by Moritz von Jacobi; and early electric lights by Pavel Yablochkov.

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Music by Epidemic Sound (
ES_Fall into You (Instrumental Version) - Houses On The Hill
ES_Feel Your Blue Sky (Instrumental Version) - Bothnia
ES_I'm Indestructible (Tigerblood Jewel Remix) - OTE

Upgraded SAM system S-125-ML

В.Путин.Вступительное слово на заседании.16.02.06

Opening Remarks at State Council Presidium Meeting on Information and Communication Technology in the Russian Federation
February 16,2006
Nizhny Novgorod

Вступительное слово на заседании президиума Госсовета «Об информационных и коммуникационных технологиях в Российской Федерации»
16 февраля 2006 года
Нижний Новгород

PRESIDENT VLADIMIR PUTIN:

Good afternoon, dear colleagues,

On our meetings agenda today is continued development of information and communication technology in Russia.

I know that not just I, but you too, have had the chance to take a look at what is being done in this area in Nizhny Novgorod. We have visited different sites and seen what is happening.

This subject has been getting constant attention of late. This is because the market for this technology is very promising indeed, has a direct impact on scientific and technological progress and is an important factor in Russias ability to achieve leading positions on world markets.

We discussed in detail the creation of technology parks last year in Novosibirsk. Today we will be looking at the whole spectrum of issues related to new technology development.

We all know that countries that began working at the right moment on developing this technology have not only resolved a number of their internal problems but have succeeded in making their economies world leaders.

This is one of the most tried and tested modern paths to development, and it is a promising option for our country with its high potential and excellent start-up capital. I am referring here, of course, to our countrys intellectual, innovation and scientific-technological potential.

But potential can only be developed in practise if the right conditions are in place. In this respect too, the situation is very positive for the information technology sector.

Growth in this sector should in turn spur development in fundamental science and give a boost to a whole range of applied research in related sectors. We already have the accumulated financial resources and the managerial experience we need to launch such an expansion of the Russian information technology sector.

Last year, this sector accounted for 5.3 percent of GDP. In 2000, it accounted for just 2 percent of GDP. The sector employs more than a million people in Russia today and has the highest labour productivity of any economic sector, which is very important for the economy as a whole.

But more progress needs to be made because the reality is that we still lag quite a long way behind the technologically developed countries where the information technology sector accounts for 30 percent or more of GDP.

I am sure that advanced technology can become a real driving force for economic growth, for modernisation of management and very important it will become the object of increased consumer demand.

There are some very promising niches in this sector. Advanced technology is currently little used in education and healthcare, for example. Only 5 percent of teachers use information technology in the teaching process at the moment. In Western Europe this percentage is a lot higher. In Britain, for example, this figure is close to 60 percent. In areas where information technology could make a real impact on the quality of services provided, they are being underused.

This new technology can also play a part in ensuring state control of the safety and quality of consumer goods, including medicines and goods in a number of other sectors.

Abandoned nuclear bunkers from Russia's Soviet past

(13 Apr 2017) LEADIN
An abandoned nuclear shelter in the Russian city of Nizny Novgorod is a haunting reminder of a cold war era in which the shutters between the Soviets and the world outside were firmly closed.
The city, once called Gorky was completely shut off and was reputed to be one of the Soviet's most protected cities, even Russians had to produce special authorisation to visit, work, or live there.
STORYLINE:
This nuclear shelter is a memory from another generation.
It was not long after the Second World War that relations began to sour between the expanded Soviet Union and western nations.
Suspicion and paranoia on both sides of what became known as the iron curtain led to fear and mistrust which escalated with the further development of nuclear bombs.
In Nizhny Novgorod, which during the cold war was known as Gorky, security was extremely tight.
That's because arms factories and large military installations were concentrated in the area.
In 1958, fears the area could becoming infiltrated by western spies prompted the Communist Party, led by Nikita Khrushchev, to declare Gorky closed.
The decree was in force until collapse of the Soviet Union.
Retired serviceman Igor Deryanin explains: In the event of an emergency, and God forbid nuclear attack, the population must be protected and sheltered. For this reason, there are stockpiles of protective equipment that have been kept in working condition and well preserved. Such shelters always existed, but have been paid little attention due to the economic situation.
Gorky was considered a prime target for US nuclear weapons and the building of these shelters proliferated.
The city became full of these underground shelters for local munitions workers hide in and the exact number of how many were built is still unknown.
Deryanin says: Under the settlement, or factory a few metres deep is a concreted room with a ventilation system with closed entrances and multi-level doors that were hermetically sealed. There should be supplies of water, medicines, protective equipment and even food. The amount depended on size of the contingent. Inside this one around fifty, hundred or even one hundred fifty people would be able to find cover.
This once offered local people a place of safety, now it's abandoned strewn with scattered gas masks, phones and medical kits.
Suits to protect people from hazardous chemicals hang on the wall, along with some posters and photographs which aim to be educational.
But even now the sealed doors are a reliable protection against hostile strangers.
The potential for future use of the shelter is dividing opinions in Russia almost sixty years after it was built.
Some argue that funding should be made available to restore and transform the shelter into the museum of Cold War, but owners of the building are not very keen on the project.
The director of the administration for civil defence and emergency situations in Niznhy Novgorod is now Alexander Simakov.
He says: This is a federal property, it does not belong to the city, and therefore the Federal Agency should make decision what happens to it next.
For retired military men like Deryabin it's a loss of history and he argues it is sad to see the deterioration of nuclear shelters which he believes were once symbols of Soviet strength.


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Russia: Putin tells factory workers his secret to maintaining a good work-life balance

Russian President Vladimir Putin held an open Q&A session with factory workers at the Eterno tube rolling plant in Chelyabinsk on Monday.

During the session, Putin revealed his secret to maintaining a good work-life balance, telling workers, There is a general rule: the more you do, the more time you have. It is necessary to set yourself for work and I am sure that you will succeed in this too..

Putin also expressed his wish to travel more, saying that at the moment his journeys are quite restricted. I'm in the airport, from the airport I move to some room, then back to the airport, he said, adding that he would like to have more time to look at nature, to do some historical sightseeing.

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Passenger Trains in Malaysia - (Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh) - Pengangkutan rel di Malaysia

The railway network covers most of the 11 states in Peninsular Malaysia. In East Malaysia, only the state of Sabah has railways. The network is also connected to the Thai railway 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) network in the north. If the Burma Railway is rebuilt, services to Myanmar, India, and China could be initiated.
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A guide to Nizhny Novgorod where England continue their World Cup

A guide to Nizhny Novgorod where England continue their World Cup

England continue their World Cup campaign against minnows Panama on Sunday in the Russian city of Nizhny Novgorod.Figures show just 1,872 tickets have been sold by the FA for the game but those in attendance will be arriving in a city full of history and culture.But where exactly is Nizhny Novgorod,
[Title], Match Highlights, 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia, Russia 2018, World Cup, World Cup Highlights, Match City, Russia, Football, A,guide,Nizhny,Novgorod,England,continue,World,Cup
#A, #guide, #Nizhny, #Novgorod, #England, #continue, #World, #Cup

Taryn Simon and Nikita Medyantsev at Garage. Public talk.

Public talk: Taryn Simon and Nikita Medyantsev, Headof public and international relationship the Federal State Unitary enterptiser «National Operator For Radioactive Waste Managment» at Rosatom

Garage hosts a discussion between artist Taryn Simon and Nikita Medyantsev, Head of Public and International Relationship at The Federal State Unitary Enterprise «National Operator For Radioactive Waste Managment» at ROSATOM State Nuclear Energy Corporation. This Public Talk is part of Simon's project Black Square XVII, which has been developed through Garage Field Research.

BLACK SQUARE XVII

Taryn Simon collaborated with Russia’s State Atomic Energy Corporation (ROSATOM) to prepare a work of art made from nuclear material. In the year 3015, approximately one thousand years after its creation, a black square made from vitrified nuclear waste will be permanently displayed at Garage in a custom designed void that has been integrated into the new museum building.

The process of vitrification took place on May 21, 2015. This converted the radioactive waste from a volatile liquid to a stable solid mass resembling polished black glass. It is considered to be one of the safest and most effective methods for the long-term storage and neutralization of radioactive waste. Simon’s Black Square XVII is currently being stored in a concrete reinforced steel container, within a holding chamber surrounded by clay-rich soil, at the Radon nuclear waste disposal plant in Sergiev Posad, located 72 km northeast of Moscow. It will reside at the Radon facility until its radioactive properties have diminished to levels deemed safe for human exposure and exhibition.

Black Square XVII is composed of medium-level, long-term nuclear waste containing organic liquids, inorganic liquids, slurries, and chemical dusts from a nuclear plant in Kursk, as well as pharmaceutical and chemical plants in the greater Moscow region. Cast within the mass is a two-ply cylindrical steel capsule holding a letter to the future written by Taryn Simon.

Central to the artist’s concept for this project is the agreement that Garage Museum of Contemporary Art will be the repository for the artwork when it is completed, raising questions of permanence, preservation, visibility, and ownership. In effect, this is Garage’s first permanent work of art, although for centuries to come the only evidence of its existence will be the site that awaits its installation, and the plaque that tells its story.

Black Square XVII was created during the centenary year of Kazimir Malevich’s Black Square. It continues Simon’s ongoing series of works entitled Black Square, which she initiated in 2006, focusing on the consequences of man’s inventions. To create each Black Square, Simon collects objects, documents, and individuals within a black field that has precisely the same measurements as Kazimir Malevich’s 1915 Suprematist work of the same name.

Taryn Simon was born in 1975 in New York, USA, where she currently lives and works. Recent exhibitions include: Taryn Simon: Rear Views, A Star-Forming Nebula, and the Office of Foreign Propaganda, Jeu de Paume, Paris, France (2015); A Polite Fiction, Louis Vuitton Foundation, Paris, France (2014); There Are Some Who Are in Darkness, Folkwang Museum, Essen, Germany (2013); A Living Man Declared Dead and Other Chapters I–XVIII, The Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA (2012); A Living Man Declared Dead and Other Chapters, Tate Modern, London, UK and Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, Germany (2011); and All the World’s Futures, 56th Venice Biennale, Italy (2015). Simon is a 2001 Guggenheim fellow.

Nikita Medyantsev was born in 1978. She studied international relations at Nizhny Novgorod State University, and since 2000 has worked in the mass media and public communications sector. She is currently the head of international communications and public relations at ROSATOM State Nuclear Energy Corporation.

Synagogues on wheels in Russia

On July 18 the Jewish ethnographic expedition started off in Moscow. Within three weeks synagogues on wheels or mitzvah-mobiles will travel around Russia. During this time they will visit about 50 cities.

The first route will pass through cities in the south of Russia: Stavropol, Kislovodsk, Armavir, Sochi, Novorossiysk, Krasnodar, Taganrog, Rostov, Novocherkassk, Volgograd, Volga, Saratov, Penza and Ryazan.

The second mitzvah-mobile will go to Siberia - from Omsk via Novosibirsk and Barnaul to Bijsk, Novokuznetsk, Prokopyevsk, Kemerovo, Ugra, Tomsk, Mariinsky, Achinsk, Krasnoyarsk and Abakan.

The third synagogue on wheels will pass through Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, Yoshkar-Ola, Kazan, Naberezhnye Chelny, Izhevsk, Yekaterinburg, Tyumen, Kurgan, Chelyabinsk, Miass, Ufa, Samara, Togliatti and stop in Ulyanovsk.

Q&A session, A Conversation with Vladimir Putin: Continued 2011 (English Subtitles)

15 December 2011

Transcript
Russian

English

Bombing of Gorky in World War II | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Bombing of Gorky in World War II

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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
The bombing of Gorky (now known as Nizhny Novgorod) by the Luftwaffe continued from 1941 to 1943 in the Eastern Front theatre of World War II. The main purpose of the bombing was to destroy the industrial center of the city. Gorky Automobile Plant received the greatest damage. During the war, enemy bombers carried out 43 raids, 26 of which were at night. 33,934 incendiary bombs and 1,631 high-explosive bombs were dropped on the city. The bombings of Gorky were the most destructive blows by the Luftwaffe to the rear of the Soviet Union during the war.

FAKE SCANDAL CRIPPLES AMERICAN LEADERSHIP (Russia just took down a general without firing a $#0+)

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Chevrolet

Chevrolet /ʃɛvrəˈleɪ/, colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors LLC, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM). Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company. Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency. After Durant's second ouster in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim a car for every purse and purpose, would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking the Model T as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.
Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by their Australian subsidiary, Holden. In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet, a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to built a global brand around Chevrolet. With the reintroduction of Chevrolet to Europe, GM intends for Chevrolet to be a mainstream value brand, while GM's traditional European standard-bearers, Opel of Germany, and Vauxhall of England will be moved upmarket. However, GM reversed this move in late 2013, announcing that the brand would be withdrawn from Europe, with the exception of the Camaro, and Corvette. in 2016. After General Motors fully acquired GM Daewoo in 2011 to create GM Korea, the last usage of the Daewoo automotive brand was discontinued in its native South Korea and succeeded by Chevrolet.


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Turning The Art World Inside Out (HD, eng/ru subs)

Arts Documentary hosted by Alan Yentob, published by BBC broadcasted as part of BBC Imagine series in 2013.

After the huge success of recent shows in Venice, London and Paris, interest in Outsider Art has never been higher. But what exactly is it? How do we define it? And who are its gurus and leading lights? Alan Yentob explores this captivating, compelling and magical alternative art universe.

English subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd.

_________________
Документальный фильм из серии BBC Imagine (2013).

После огромного успеха на недавних выставках в Венеции, Лондоне и Париже, интерес к искусству аутсайдеров ещё никогда не был так силён. Но чем именно является такое искусство? Какое определение ему дать? И кто является в нём гуру и путеводным светом? Алан Йентоб исследует эту захватывающую, магическую альтернативную вселенную в искусстве.

Русские субтитры мои.

Public talk Тарин Саймон со специалистом «Росатома» Никитой Медянцевым

Public talk с участием американской художницы Тарин Саймон и руководителем Центра общественных и международных связей ФГУП «Национальный оператор по обращению с радиоактивными отходами» Никитой Медянцевым прошел в рамках проекта Тарин Саймон «Черный квадрат XVII», подготовленного специально для Музея современного искусства «Гараж».

«ЧЕРНЫЙ КВАДРАТ XVII»

Тарин Саймон в сотрудничестве с государственной корпорацией по атомной энергии «Росатом» создала первое в истории произведение искусства из радиоактивного материала. В 3015 году, через тысячу лет после создания, черный квадрат, сделанный из остеклованных радиоактивных отходов, займет место в постоянной экспозиции «Гаража», в специально подготовленной для этого нише в стене нового здания Музея в 2015 году.

«Черный квадрат XVII» был сделан 21 мая 2015 года и хранится сейчас в железобетонном контейнере, который в свою очередь был помещен в бетонное хранилище на территории завода «Радон» около Сергиева Посада. Квадрат будет находиться в хранилище «Радона» до тех пор, пока его радиоактивные свойства не снизятся до уровня, который будет признан безопасным для человека и показа в выставочном пространстве. Внутри квадрата находится двухслойная стальная капсула с письмом будущим поколениям, написанным Тарин Саймон.

Проект приурочен к столетнему юбилею «Черного квадрата» Казимира Малевича и является частью одноименной серии произведений, над которой Тарин Саймон начала работать в 2006 году, сосредоточив внимание на различных изобретениях человечества. Для создания каждого из своих «Черных квадратов» художница собирает объекты, документы и персонажей на черном поле того же размера, что и супрематическая картина Малевича.

Тарин Саймон родилась в 1975 году в Нью-Йорке, где в настоящее время живет и работает. Ее последние выставки: «Вид сзади, звездообразующая туманность и отдел внешней пропаганды» (Национальная галерея Же-де-Пом, Париж, 2015), участие в 56-й Венецианской биеннале «Все судьбы мира» (2015), A Polite Fiction (Фонд Луи Виттона, Париж, 2014), «Во мраке кто-то есть» (Музей Фолькванг, Эссен, Германия, 2013), «Живой человек, объявленный мертвым, и другие главы I–XVIII» (Музей современного искусства, Нью-Йорк, 2012), «Живой человек, объявленный мертвым, и другие главы» (галерея Тейт Модерн, Лондон, и Новая национальная галерея, Берлин, 2011). Стипендиат Фонда Гуггенхайма (2001).

Никита Медянцев родился 31 мая 1978 года. Окончил Нижегородский государственный университет по специальности «международные отношения». С 2000 года работает в СМИ и сфере массовых коммуникаций. Является руководителем центра общественных и международных коммуникаций Федерального государственного унитарного предприятия «Национальный оператор по обращению с радиоактивными отходами».

Osaka, Japan ???? Travel Vlog 23 ???????? History & Culture

Osaka: ???? UK Vlogger of the Year finalist 2019 and 2018 explores Osaka, Japan and Osaka Castle, a noodle museum, a sumo restaurant, a town full of deers, and the red light district. Join the Modern Grand Tour (travel vlogs for history-culture geeks ????) in Osaka, Japan! ⬇️ More info below ⬇️

If you liked Osaka, Japan Travel Vlog... give it a thumbs up! ????
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---------------------------------More info---------------------------------

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-----------------------------In this episode-----------------------------

DAY 1
Episode Intro = 0:18
City Intro = 0:41
Dotonbori = 1:39

DAY 2
Osaka Castle = 2:29 ????
Instant Ramen Museum = 3:09 ????
Sento / Onsen = 9:10 ????
Sumo Restaurant = 10:11 ????

DAY 3
Nara Deer Park = 12:10 ????
Todaiji Temple = 12:58
Mount Wakakusa = 13:39
Tobita Shinchi (red light district) = 14:45 ????
Conclusion = 16:42
Next Episode = 16:57

--------------------------------The series--------------------------------

EUROPE
Ep1 ???????? ???????? Brussels, Ghent, and Bruges:
Ep2 ???? ???????? Amsterdam:
Ep3 ☠️ ???????? Berlin:
Ep4 ???? ???????? Hamburg:
Ep5 ???? ???????? Aarhus:
Ep6 ????‍♀️ ???????? Copenhagen:
Ep7 ???? ???????? Stockholm:
Ep8 ???? ???????? Helsinki:

RUSSIA
Ep9 ????️ ???????? Saint Petersburg:
Ep10 ???? ???????? Moscow:
Ep11 ???? ???????? Vladimir and Suzdal:
Ep12 ???? ???????? Nizhny Novgorod: (most fun)
Ep13 ☠️ ???????? Perm:
Ep14 ???? ???????? Yekaterinburg:
Ep15 ???? ???????? Tobolsk and Tyumen:
Ep16 ???? ???????? Novosibirsk:
Ep17 ???? ???????? Irkutsk and Olkhon Island:
Ep18 ???? ???????? Ulan-Ude:
Ep19 ???? ???????? Trans-Siberian Train: (most practically useful)
Ep20 ???? ???????? Khabarovsk:
Ep21 ???? ???????? Vladivostok:

ASIA & AUSTRALIA
Ep22 ???? ???????? Seoul: (most educative)
Ep23 ???? ???????? Osaka:
Ep24 ???? ???????? Kyoto:
Ep25 ???? ???????? Tokyo: (most awesome city)
Ep26 ???? ???????? Melbourne:
Ep27 ???? ???????? Sydney: (most jokes)

---------------------------------Welcome---------------------------------

Welcome keen traveller!

I hope you've come to join me on this Modern Grand Tour exploring history and culture.

- The first leg of the journey takes us through Europe ????????
- The second leg crosses Russia ???????? via the Trans-Siberian Railway ???? and Couchsurfing ????
- The third and final leg concludes in Asia ???? and Australia ????????

Here's the series playlist:

I promise you, by the end, we'll all be dancing like a room without a roof...

Your new travel partner, Garlen ????

#ThankYouOsaka #AsiaAustraliaTravelVlog #ModernGrandTour

Osaka history | Osaka culture | Osaka travel | Osaka vlog | Japanese history | Japanese culture | Osaka travel vlog | Japan travel vlog | Japan history | Japan culture | Japan travel | Japan vlog

Советский легкий бронеавтомобиль БА 20М Armoured car BA-20M WW2 Военная техника СССР броневик

Уверен многим интересен МИР ТАНКОВ World of tanks а также и автомобилей вернее бронеавтомобилей как этот прекрасный возрожденный к 9 мая день Победы экземпляр
БА-20 — советский лёгкий бронеавтомобиль 1930-х годов. Разработан на шасси легкового автомобиля ГАЗ-М1 в качестве лёгкого бронеавтомобиля для разведки, связи и охранения РККА, серийно производился с 1936 по 1942 год в нескольких вариантах
Проектирование бронеавтомобиля на шасси ГАЗ М-1 по заданию АБТУ РККА коллектив специалистов КБ Ижорского завода (А. А. Липгарт, А. М. Кригер и др.) начал в октябре 1933 года, первые опытные бронемашины были изготовлены в январе 1936 года, в феврале 1936 года был изготовлен стандартизованный вариант БА-20. Изготовленные бронемашины были переданы на испытания в НИБТ, которые прошли успешно
В июле 1936 года техническую документацию передали на Выксунский завод дробильно-размольного оборудования, который начал их серийное производство. Производство заполненных губчатой резиной пулестойких гусматических шин ГК размера 7,00-16 для бронеавтомобилей БА-20 передали на ленинградский завод Красный Треугольник. Всего с июля до конца декабря 1936 года завод выпустил 35 бронемашин.

В марте - апреле 1937 года инженеры Выксунского завода ДРО Миронин и Сухов спроектировали для БА-20 новую коническую башню повышенной пулестойкости, но тем не менее, первые 150 из 253 выпущенных в 1937 году БА-20 ещё имели цилиндрическую башню старого образца. В третьем квартале 1937 года к производству пулестойких шин для БА-20 был подключён Ярославский резино-асбестовый комбинат. 20 ноября 1937 года завод получил приказ наркомата тяжёлого машиностроения СССР продолжать выпуск бронемашин БА-20 только в варианте с новой конической башней, усиленной передней осью и усиленными колёсами.

При постройке некоторых выпущенных в 1938 году БА-20 использовали детали бронекорпусов, ранее выпущенных заводом для бронеавтомобилей ФАИ-М.

С осени 1938 года в конструкцию бронемашин внесли дополнительные изменения: были усилены рессоры, задний мост, а толщина брони лобового листа и башни увеличена до 9 мм. Модифицированный вариант назван БА-20М. Всего в 1938 годуо выпущено 330 бронеавтомобилей и 35 в варианте жд.

В 1939 году выпущено 335 бронеавтомобилей, еще 30 были собраны в счет поставки в 1938 году 30 машин в Монголию. Итого 365, из них 42 в варианте жд. В 1940 году - 377 бронеавтомобилей (РККА – 334 и 18 жд, НКВД – 18, НКВМФ – 7 жд).

В конце 1930-х годов на основе опыта производства и эксплуатации лёгких бронеавтомобилей принято решение о создании нового бронеавтомобиля для замены ФАИ и БА-20. В результате, разработаны и построены опытный бронеавтомобиль БА-21 (на трехосном шасси ГАЗ-21), опытный бронеавтомобиль ЛБ-23 (на трехосном шасси ГАЗ-22) и опытный бронеавтомобиль ЛБ-НАТИ, которые не производились серийно. В дальнейшем, перед началом Великой Отечественной войны принято решение о создании нового лёгкого бронеавтомобиля для замены БА-20 на полноприводном двухосном шасси.

В январе - мае 1941 года выпущено 239 БА-20 (для РККА – 237, включая 4 БА-20жд, для НКВД - 2)

В июне 1941 года выпущено 40 БА-20 и 16 БА-20жд, за июль - декабрь 1941 г. - ещё 317, включая 15 БА-20жд. Из них 3 машины, включая 1 БА-20жд отгрузили НКВМФ.

9 февраля 1942 года ГКО СССР принял постановление № 1415сс о прекращении производства бронемашин БА-20, в соответствии с которым 11 марта 1942 года наркомат танковой промышленности составил приказ № 268 о прекращении производства БА-20, который был направлен на завод. Производство БА-20 завершено в июле 1942 года. Всего с начала января до прекращения производства в июле 1942 года выпущено 137 бронеавтомобилей
трофейные машины использовались после 22 июня 1941 года в вермахте и охранно-полицейских формированиях[3] под наименованием Panzerspärwagen BA 202(r)

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The BA-20 (Russian: Broneavtomobil 20) was an armored car developed in the Soviet Union in 1934.It was intended to replace the FAI and its field trials were completed in 1935. The BA-20 was then used in the early stages of World War II.


Soviet Red Army armored car BA-20M World War II
Советский легкий бронеавтомобиль БА 20М Armoured car BA-20M WW2 Военная техника СССР броневик

Документальный фильм: Электропоезд ЭР2 часть 1 / ER2 EMU train documentary part1 (with eng subs)

Документальный фильм: Электропоезд ЭР2 часть 1
ER2 EMU documentary part1

в дополнение выражаю благодардность за помощь в создании фильма музею железных дорог России

Вторая часть фильма: / Part 2 of the documentary:

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Mikoyan MiG-29

The Mikoyan MiG-29 (Russian: Микоян МиГ-29; NATO reporting name: Fulcrum) is a jet fighter aircraft designed in the Soviet Union. Developed by the Mikoyan design bureau as an air superiority fighter during the 1970s, the MiG-29, along with the larger Sukhoi Su-27, was developed to counter new American fighters such as the McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, and the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon. The MiG-29 entered service with the Soviet Air Force in 1983.
While originally oriented towards combat against any enemy aircraft, many MiG-29s have been furnished as multirole fighters capable of performing a number of different operations, and are commonly outfitted to use a range of air-to-surface armaments and precision munitions. The MiG-29 has been manufactured in several major variants, including the multirole Mikoyan MiG-29M and the navalised Mikoyan MiG-29K; the most advanced member of the family to date is the Mikoyan MiG-35. Later models frequently feature improved engines, glass cockpits with HOTAS-compatible flight controls, modern radar and IRST sensors, considerably increased fuel capacity; some aircraft have also been equipped for aerial refuelling.


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Vladimir Lenin | Wikipedia audio article

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Vladimir Lenin

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- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (22 April 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known by the alias Lenin, was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924. Under his administration, Russia and then the wider Soviet Union became a one-party communist state governed by the Russian Communist Party. Ideologically a Marxist, he developed political theories known as Leninism.
Born to a wealthy middle-class family in Simbirsk, Lenin embraced revolutionary socialist politics following his brother's 1887 execution. Expelled from Kazan Imperial University for participating in protests against the Russian Empire's Tsarist government, he devoted the following years to a law degree. He moved to Saint Petersburg in 1893 and became a senior Marxist activist. In 1897, he was arrested for sedition and exiled to Shushenskoye for three years, where he married Nadezhda Krupskaya. After his exile, he moved to Western Europe, where he became a prominent theorist in the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). In 1903, he took a key role in a RSDLP ideological split, leading the Bolshevik faction against Julius Martov's Mensheviks. Encouraging insurrection during Russia's failed Revolution of 1905, he later campaigned for the First World War to be transformed into a Europe-wide proletarian revolution, which as a Marxist he believed would cause the overthrow of capitalism and its replacement with socialism. After the 1917 February Revolution ousted the Tsar and established a Provisional Government, he returned to Russia to play a leading role in the October Revolution, in which the Bolsheviks overthrew the new regime.
Lenin's Bolshevik government initially shared power with the Left Socialist Revolutionaries, elected soviets, and a multi-party Constituent Assembly, although by 1918 it had centralised power in the new Communist Party. Lenin's administration redistributed land among the peasantry and nationalised banks and large-scale industry. It withdrew from the First World War by signing a treaty with the Central Powers and promoted world revolution through the Communist International. Opponents were suppressed in the Red Terror, a violent campaign administered by the state security services; tens of thousands were killed or interned in concentration camps. His administration defeated right and left-wing anti-Bolshevik armies in the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1922 and oversaw the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921. Responding to wartime devastation, famine, and popular uprisings, in 1921 Lenin encouraged economic growth through the market-oriented New Economic Policy. Several non-Russian nations secured independence after 1917, but three re-united with Russia through the formation of the Soviet Union in 1922. In increasingly poor health, Lenin died at his dacha in Gorki, with Joseph Stalin succeeding him as the pre-eminent figure in the Soviet government.
Widely considered one of the most significant and influential figures of the 20th century, Lenin was the posthumous subject of a pervasive personality cult within the Soviet Union until its dissolution in 1991. He became an ideological figurehead behind Marxism–Leninism and thus a prominent influence over the international communist movement. A controversial and highly divisive individual, Lenin is viewed by supporters as a champion of socialism and the working class, while critics on both the left and right emphasize his role as founder and leader of an authoritarian regime responsible for political repression and mass killings.