Timeline of the name Palestine | Wikipedia audio article
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Timeline of the name Palestine
00:03:20 1 Historical references
00:03:30 1.1 Ancient period
00:03:39 1.1.1 Egyptian period
00:04:39 1.1.2 Assyrian period
00:06:26 1.2 Classical antiquity
00:06:35 1.2.1 Persian (Achaemenid) Empire period
00:08:36 1.2.2 Hellenic kingdoms (Ptolemaic/Seleucid/Hasmonean) period
00:09:27 1.2.3 Roman Jerusalem period
00:16:06 1.2.4 Roman Aelia Capitolina period
00:24:55 1.3 Late Antiquity period
00:25:04 1.3.1 Late Roman Empire (Byzantine) period
00:35:59 1.4 Middle Ages
00:36:07 1.4.1 Rashidun, Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates period
00:42:25 1.4.2 Fatimid Caliphate period
00:44:47 1.4.3 Crusaders period
00:46:15 1.4.4 Ayyubid and Mamluk periods
00:52:21 1.5 Early modern period
00:52:30 1.5.1 Early Ottoman period
01:16:22 1.6 Modern period
01:16:31 1.6.1 Late Ottoman period
01:58:46 1.6.2 Formation of the British Mandate
02:03:59 2 Biblical references
02:08:56 3 Etymological considerations
02:09:36 4 See also
02:09:57 5 Bibliography
02:18:07 6 Notes
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- Socrates
SUMMARY
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This article presents a list of notable historical references to the name Palestine as a place name in the Middle East throughout the history of the region, including its cognates such as Filastin and Palaestina.
The term Peleset (transliterated from hieroglyphs as P-r-s-t) is found in five inscriptions referring to a neighboring people or land starting from circa 1150 BC during the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt. The first known mention is at the temple at Medinet Habu which refers to the Peleset among those who fought with Egypt in Ramesses III's reign, and the last known is 300 years later on Padiiset's Statue. The Assyrians called the same region Palashtu/Palastu or Pilistu, beginning with Adad-nirari III in the Nimrud Slab in c. 800 BC through to an Esarhaddon treaty more than a century later. Neither the Egyptian nor the Assyrian sources provided clear regional boundaries for the term.The first appearance of the term Palestine was in 5th century BC Ancient Greece when Herodotus wrote of a district of Syria, called Palaistinê between Phoenicia and Egypt in The Histories. Herodotus was describing the coastal region, but is also considered to have applied the term to the inland region such as the Judean mountains and the Jordan Rift Valley. Later Greek writers such as Aristotle, Polemon and Pausanias also used the word, which was followed by Roman writers such as Ovid, Tibullus, Pomponius Mela, Pliny the Elder, Dio Chrysostom, Statius, Plutarch as well as Roman Judean writers Philo of Alexandria and Josephus. The word was never used in an official context during the Hellenistic period, and is not found on any Hellenistic coin or inscription, first coming into official use in the early second century AD. It has been contended that in the first century authors still associated the term with the southern coastal region.In 135 AD, the Greek Syria Palaestina was used in naming a new Roman province from the merger of Roman Syria and Roman Judaea after the Roman authorities crushed the Bar Kokhba Revolt. Circumstantial evidence links Hadrian to the renaming of the province, which took place around the same time as Jerusalem was refounded as Aelia Capitolina, but the precise date of the change in province name is uncertain. The common view that the name change was intended sever the connection of the Jews to their historical homeland is disputed.During the Byzantine period c. 390, the imperial province of Syria Palaestina was reorganized into: Palaestina Prima, Palaestina Secunda, and Palaestina Salutaris. Following the Muslim conquest, place names that were in use by the Byzantine administration generally continued to be used in Arabic. The use of the name Palestine became common in Early Modern English, was used in English and Arabic during the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem. In the 20th century the name was used by the British to refer to Mandatory Palestine, a mandate from the former O ...