Battle of Stones River (2nd Murfreesboro) - December 31, 1862
Timeline of historical battles in Total War from 1457 BCE - May 1865 -
Empire: Total War - ACW v3.6 mod - Warpath Campaign/Zone of Recruitment included
Thomas Worley excerpt came from Ken Burns' Civil War documentary.
On December 31, 1862, advancing forces under Union general William Rosecrans fought a pitched battle with Braxton Bragg’s Army of Tennessee on the outskirts of Murfreesboro, Tennessee. Both generals formed plans of attack, but Bragg struck first, pulverizing the Union right flank with two veteran divisions. False reports indicating a Union retreat kept Bragg in place on January 1, but January 2 dawned with Rosecrans stubbornly holding his ground. Bragg ordered Gen. John Breckinridge and his division to charge the Union left late in the afternoon. Breckinridge’s men crossed an open field and nearly achieved a breakthrough, but massed artillery broke up the assault at the climactic moment. Although the battle to that point had been a tactical draw, the arrival of Union reinforcements made Bragg’s position untenable. He retreated on January 3, granting the North a valuable strategic victory in the middle of an otherwise dismal winter.
Econo Lodge Inn & Suites Murfreesboro - Murfreesboro Hotels, Tennessee
Econo Lodge Inn & Suites Murfreesboro 2 Stars Hotel in Murfreesboro, Tennessee Within US Travel Directory One of our bestsellers in Murfreesboro! The Econo Lodge Inn & Suites hotel in Murfreesboro is located near Middle Tennessee State University, the Stones River National Battlefield and Old Fort Golf Course. The State Farm Insurance Murfreesboro Operations Center is in town. The Murfreesboro Municipal Airport is just minutes away.Enjoy shopping at Stones River Mall, located within walking distance. Additional area attractions to visit include Oaklands Historic House Museum, Sam Davis Home, The Discovery Center, Cannonsburgh Village and Fortress Rosecrans.Murfreesboro is in Rutherford County, which embodies a unique blend of Civil War history and a thriving 21st Century community. Located in the heart of Tennessee , it is the population and geographic center of the state. Just southeast of Nashville, the county combines the benefits of small-town living with the amenities of a major metropolitan area.Guests of this Murfreesboro, TN hotel are invited to take advantage of amenities like free continental breakfast, free local calls, free 24-hour coffee in the lobby and a seasonal outdoor pool. For business travelers, the hotel offers access to copy and fax services.
All spacious guest rooms have coffee makers, hair dryers and cable television with free HBO. Some rooms feature refrigerators and microwaves. Irons and ironing boards are available at the front desk. Handicap accessible and non-smoking rooms can be requested.
Econo Lodge Inn & Suites Murfreesboro - Murfreesboro Hotels, Tennessee
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STONES RIVER (MURFREESBORO) part 1 - UGCW LEGENDARY MODE #22 - CONFEDERATE CAMPAIGN
Just a quick note: I played through Everettsville but it's quick and there wasn't much to see...about 2k casualties on each side in the win. On to Stones River!
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After his October 1862 defeat at Perryville in Kentucky, Gen. Braxton Bragg withdrew his army into central Tennessee and resupplied his men near Murfreesboro. Although his Army of Tennessee had received reinforcements, Bragg seemed hesitant to conduct offensive operations. The Union Army of the Cumberland, now commanded by Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans, also loitered in mid-Tennessee and resupplied around Nashville. Rosecrans received orders to move against Bragg, and finally did so in late December. Moving south, the Union force met the Confederates along Stones River just north of Murfreesboro. On December 31st, both commanders made plans to attack his opponents right flank, but Bragg struck first, pulverizing the Union right with two veteran divisions and driving it back three miles. Heavy fighting on both sides ensued as Bragg bent Rosecrans' line around nearly into a circle. Rosecrans held on during the night and into January 1st, and false reports indicating a Union retreat kept Bragg in place also. On January 2nd, Rosecrans still stubbornly held his ground. Maj. Gen. John Breckinridge's division attacked the Union left late that afternoon and nearly achieved a breakthrough, but massed artillery broke up the assault. Both sides held their ground as the fighting ended on January 3rd. Although the battle was a tactical draw, the Union repulse of two attacks and the arrival of reinforcements made Bragg’s position untenable and dashed Confederate aspirations for control of Middle Tennessee. Bragg retreated on January 3rd, granting the North a valuable strategic victory in the middle of an otherwise dismal winter.
Murfreesboro, Tennessee
Murfreesboro is a city in and the county seat of Rutherford County, Tennessee. The population was 108,755 according to the 2010 census, up from 68,816 residents certified during the 2000 census. 2014 census estimates show a population of 120,954. The city is the center of population of Tennessee and is part of the Nashville metropolitan area, which includes thirteen counties and a population of 1,757,912. It is Tennessee's fastest growing major city and one of the fastest growing cities in the country. Murfreesboro is also home to Middle Tennessee State University, the largest undergraduate university in the state of Tennessee, with an undergraduate population of 22,299 and 25,188 total students as of 2009.
In 2006, Murfreesboro was ranked by Money as the 84th best place to live in the United States, out of 745 cities with a population over 50,000.
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STONES RIVER (Murfreesboro) part 1 - Ultimate General: Civil War - Confederate Campaign #25
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After his October 1862 defeat at Perryville in Kentucky, Gen. Braxton Bragg withdrew his army into central Tennessee and resupplied his men near Murfreesboro. Although his Army of Tennessee had received reinforcements, Bragg seemed hesitant to conduct offensive operations. The Union Army of the Cumberland, now commanded by Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans, also loitered in mid-Tennessee and resupplied around Nashville. Rosecrans received orders to move against Bragg, and finally did so in late December. Moving south, the Union force met the Confederates along Stones River just north of Murfreesboro. On December 31st, both commanders made plans to attack his opponents right flank, but Bragg struck first, pulverizing the Union right with two veteran divisions and driving it back three miles. Heavy fighting on both sides ensued as Bragg bent Rosecrans' line around nearly into a circle. Rosecrans held on during the night and into January 1st, and false reports indicating a Union retreat kept Bragg in place also. On January 2nd, Rosecrans still stubbornly held his ground. Maj. Gen. John Breckinridge's division attacked the Union left late that afternoon and nearly achieved a breakthrough, but massed artillery broke up the assault. Both sides held their ground as the fighting ended on January 3rd. Although the battle was a tactical draw, the Union repulse of two attacks and the arrival of reinforcements made Bragg’s position untenable and dashed Confederate aspirations for control of Middle Tennessee. Bragg retreated on January 3rd, granting the North a valuable strategic victory in the middle of an otherwise dismal winter.
STONES RIVER (Murfreesboro) part 2 - Ultimate General: Civil War - Confederate Campaign #26
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After his October 1862 defeat at Perryville in Kentucky, Gen. Braxton Bragg withdrew his army into central Tennessee and resupplied his men near Murfreesboro. Although his Army of Tennessee had received reinforcements, Bragg seemed hesitant to conduct offensive operations. The Union Army of the Cumberland, now commanded by Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans, also loitered in mid-Tennessee and resupplied around Nashville. Rosecrans received orders to move against Bragg, and finally did so in late December. Moving south, the Union force met the Confederates along Stones River just north of Murfreesboro. On December 31st, both commanders made plans to attack his opponents right flank, but Bragg struck first, pulverizing the Union right with two veteran divisions and driving it back three miles. Heavy fighting on both sides ensued as Bragg bent Rosecrans' line around nearly into a circle. Rosecrans held on during the night and into January 1st, and false reports indicating a Union retreat kept Bragg in place also. On January 2nd, Rosecrans still stubbornly held his ground. Maj. Gen. John Breckinridge's division attacked the Union left late that afternoon and nearly achieved a breakthrough, but massed artillery broke up the assault. Both sides held their ground as the fighting ended on January 3rd. Although the battle was a tactical draw, the Union repulse of two attacks and the arrival of reinforcements made Bragg’s position untenable and dashed Confederate aspirations for control of Middle Tennessee. Bragg retreated on January 3rd, granting the North a valuable strategic victory in the middle of an otherwise dismal winter.
Battle of Nashville | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Battle of Nashville
00:00:34 1 Background
00:00:43 1.1 Military situation
00:06:30 2 Opposing forces
00:06:39 2.1 Union
00:08:06 2.2 Confederate
00:08:53 3 Thomas prepares to attack
00:11:15 3.1 Naval actions
00:12:32 4 Battle
00:12:41 4.1 December 15
00:12:49 4.1.1 Actions on the Confederate right
00:14:16 4.1.2 Actions on the Confederate left
00:16:46 4.2 December 16
00:16:55 4.2.1 New disposition of Confederate army
00:18:43 4.2.2 Thomas's plan
00:19:04 4.2.3 Union attack on Peach Orchard
00:20:01 4.2.4 Union attack on Shy's Hill
00:21:45 4.2.5 Confederate left flank disintegrates
00:22:23 4.3 Hood's retreat
00:24:43 5 Aftermath
00:24:52 5.1 Casualties
00:26:06 5.2 Reactions and effects
00:26:43 6 Battlefield preservation
00:27:36 6.1 Battlefield memorials
00:28:28 6.1.1 Minnesota Monuments
00:28:50 6.1.2 United States Colored Troops Monument
00:29:13 6.1.3 Shy's Hill Memorials
00:30:00 6.2 Historic homes and buildings
00:32:00 6.3 Privately owned but publicly accessible sites
00:33:56 6.4 Driving tour
00:34:16 7 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Battle of Nashville was a two-day battle in the Franklin-Nashville Campaign that represented the end of large-scale fighting west of the coastal states in the American Civil War. It was fought at Nashville, Tennessee, on December 15–16, 1864, between the Confederate Army of Tennessee under Lieutenant General John Bell Hood and Federal forces under Major General George H. Thomas. In one of the largest victories achieved by the Union Army during the war, Thomas attacked and routed Hood's army, largely destroying it as an effective fighting force.
Franklin–Nashville Campaign | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Franklin–Nashville Campaign
00:01:26 1 Background
00:04:26 2 Opposing forces
00:04:35 2.1 Confederate
00:05:12 2.2 Union
00:06:15 3 Confederate attacks on Sherman's supply line
00:07:50 4 Allatoona (October 5)
00:09:17 5 Resaca, Dalton, and the movement into Alabama
00:13:51 6 Forrest's West Tennessee raid (October 16 – November 16)
00:16:41 7 Decatur (October 26–29)
00:18:00 8 Columbia (November 24–29)
00:22:56 9 Spring Hill (November 29)
00:29:50 10 Battle of Franklin (November 30)
00:39:13 11 Pursuit to Nashville
00:40:09 12 Forrest at Murfreesboro (December 5–6)
00:40:50 13 Battle of Nashville (December 15–16)
00:44:51 14 Retreat and pursuit of Hood
00:45:28 15 Aftermath
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Franklin–Nashville Campaign, also known as Hood's Tennessee Campaign, was a series of battles in the Western Theater, conducted from September 18 to December 27, 1864, in Alabama, Tennessee, and northwestern Georgia during the American Civil War.
The Confederate Army of Tennessee under Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood drove north from Atlanta, threatening Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's lines of communications and central Tennessee. After a brief attempt to pursue Hood, Sherman returned to Atlanta and began his March to the Sea, leaving Union forces under Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas to deal with Hood's threat.
Hood hoped to defeat the Union force under Maj. Gen. John Schofield before it could converge with Thomas's army and attempted to do so at the Battle of Spring Hill on November 29, but poorly coordinated Confederate attacks allowed Schofield to escape. The following day, Hood launched a series of futile frontal assaults against Schofield's field fortifications in the Battle of Franklin, suffering heavy casualties; Schofield withdrew his force and successfully linked up with Thomas in Nashville, Tennessee. On December 15–16, Thomas's combined army attacked Hood's depleted army and routed it in the Battle of Nashville, sending it in retreat to Tupelo, Mississippi. Hood resigned his commission shortly thereafter and the Army of Tennessee ceased to exist as an effective fighting force.
Tullahoma Campaign | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tullahoma Campaign
00:01:08 1 Background
00:08:57 2 Opposing forces
00:09:07 2.1 Union
00:10:47 2.2 Confederate
00:11:38 3 Campaign
00:21:43 4 Aftermath
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Tullahoma Campaign (or Middle Tennessee Campaign) was a military operation conducted from June 24 to July 3, 1863, by the Union Army of the Cumberland under Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans, and regarded as one of the most brilliant maneuvers of the American Civil War. Its effect was to drive the Confederates out of Middle Tennessee and to threaten the strategic city of Chattanooga.
The Confederate Army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg occupied a strong defensive position in the mountains. But through a series of well-rehearsed feints, Rosecrans captured the key passes, helped by the use of the new seven-shot Spencer repeating rifle. The Confederates were handicapped by dissension between generals, as well as a lack of supplies, and soon had to abandon their headquarters at Tullahoma.
The campaign ended in the same week as the two historic Union victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg, and Rosecrans complained that his achievement was overshadowed. However, Confederate casualties had been few, and Bragg's army soon received reinforcements that enabled it to defeat Rosecrans at the Battle of Chickamauga two months later.
Braxton Bragg | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Braxton Bragg
00:03:32 1 Early life and education
00:05:27 2 Military service
00:05:36 2.1 Early career
00:09:29 2.2 Mexican–American War
00:13:00 2.3 American Civil War
00:15:16 2.3.1 Battle of Shiloh
00:17:11 2.3.2 Battle of Perryville
00:22:15 2.3.3 Battle of Stones River
00:25:19 2.3.4 Tullahoma Campaign
00:28:19 2.3.5 Battle of Chickamauga
00:31:36 2.3.6 Battles for Chattanooga
00:32:45 2.3.7 Advisor to the President
00:35:06 2.3.8 Operations in North Carolina
00:37:45 3 Later life and death
00:39:45 4 Personal life
00:40:50 5 Historical reputation
00:43:29 6 Legacy
00:43:49 7 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Braxton Bragg (March 22, 1817 – September 27, 1876) was a senior officer of the Confederate States Army who was assigned to duty at Richmond, under direction of the President of the Confederate States of America, Jefferson Davis, and charged with the conduct of military operations of the armies of the Confederate States from February 24, 1864, until January 13, 1865, when he was charged with command and defense of Wilmington, North Carolina. He previously had command of an army in the Western Theater.
Bragg, a native of Warrenton, North Carolina, was educated at West Point and became an artillery officer. He served in Florida and then received three brevet promotions for distinguished service in the Mexican–American War, most notably the Battle of Buena Vista.
He established a reputation as a strict disciplinarian, but also as a junior officer willing to publicly argue with and criticize his superior officers, including those at the highest levels of the Army. After a series of posts in the Indian Territory, he resigned from the U.S. Army in 1856 to become a sugar plantation slave owner in Louisiana.
During the Civil War, Bragg trained soldiers in the Gulf Coast region. He was a corps commander at the Battle of Shiloh and subsequently was named to command the Army of Mississippi (later known as the Army of Tennessee).
He and Edmund Kirby Smith attempted an invasion of Kentucky in 1862, but Bragg retreated following the inconclusive Battle of Perryville, Kentucky, in October. In December, he fought another inconclusive battle at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, the Battle of Stones River, but once again withdrew his army. In 1863, he fought a series of battles against Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans and the Union Army of the Cumberland.
In June, he was outmaneuvered in the Tullahoma Campaign and retreated into Chattanooga. In September, he was forced to evacuate Chattanooga, but counterattacked Rosecrans and defeated him at the Battle of Chickamauga, the bloodiest battle in the Western Theater, and the only major Confederate victory therein. In November, Bragg's army was routed in turn by Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in the Battles for Chattanooga.
Throughout these campaigns, Bragg fought almost as bitterly against some of his uncooperative subordinates as he did against the enemy, and they made multiple attempts to have him replaced as army commander. The defeat at Chattanooga was the last straw, and Bragg was recalled in early 1864 to Richmond, where he became the military adviser to Confederate President Jefferson Davis.
Near the end of the war, he defended Wilmington, North Carolina, and served as a corps commander in the Carolinas Campaign. After the war, Bragg worked as the superintendent of the New Orleans waterworks, a supervisor of harbor improvements at Mobile, Alabama, and as a railroad engineer and inspector in Texas.
Bragg is generally considered among the worst generals of the Civil War. Although his commands often outnumbered those he fought against, most of the battles in which he engaged ended in defeats. The only exception was Chickamauga, which was largely due to the timely arrival of Lieutenant General James Longstreet's corps.
Some historians fault Bragg as a commander for impatience and poor treatment of others. Some, however, point towards the failures of Bragg's subord ...
YANKS ON THE RUN! #2 Battle of Stone's River - Ultimate General: Civil War (Historical Battle - CSA)
Historically a Union victory, I take on the role of Confederate Commander Braxton Bragg as I attempt to rout the Federals at Stone's River, Tennessee. Fought Dec. 31, 1862 - Jan. 2, 1863 it was up until that point the bloodiest battle of the war. In terms of casualties as a percentage of men engaged, it remained so to the end.
Bloodiest battles of the American Civil War -
For more information on the Fighting McCooks -
Civil War The Untold Story
Description
Letters Home from Montanans at War
Helena High School students from Rob Holter’s Theater One class read correspondence written to friends and family stateside from Montanans who participated in wars ranging from the American Civil War to Operation Iraqi Freedom. The presenters offer glimpses of average “citizen” soldiers’ thoughts, feelings, and emotions as they struggled to balance “life back home” with their operational realities. All material used in this reader’s theater is drawn from the Montana Historical Society archives. Presence of the Past Program Series, Jan. 7, 2016
Battle of Perryville | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Battle of Perryville
00:02:19 1 Background
00:02:27 1.1 Military situation
00:02:36 1.2 Kentucky Campaign of 1862
00:09:17 1.3 Prelude to battle
00:09:54 1.3.1 Geography and location
00:10:39 1.3.2 Disposition of armies
00:12:52 2 Opposing forces
00:13:02 2.1 Union
00:15:00 2.2 Confederate
00:15:36 3 Battle
00:15:44 3.1 Morning actions
00:19:09 3.2 Attack from the Confederate right
00:25:54 3.3 Attack from the Confederate center
00:27:21 3.4 Attack from the Confederate left
00:32:19 3.5 Dixville Crossroads
00:36:22 4 Aftermath
00:36:31 4.1 Casualties
00:37:22 4.2 Reactions and effects
00:40:02 4.3 Subsequent events
00:40:44 5 Battlefield preservation
00:41:21 6 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Battle of Perryville (also known as the Battle of Chaplin Hills) was fought on October 8, 1862, in the Chaplin Hills west of Perryville, Kentucky, as the culmination of the Confederate Heartland Offensive (Kentucky Campaign) during the American Civil War. Confederate Gen. Braxton Bragg's Army of Mississippi initially won a tactical victory against primarily a single corps of Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell's Union Army of the Ohio. The battle is considered a strategic Union victory, sometimes called the Battle for Kentucky, since Bragg withdrew to Tennessee soon thereafter. The Union retained control of the critical border state of Kentucky for the remainder of the war.
On October 7, Buell's army, in pursuit of Bragg, converged on the small crossroads town of Perryville in three columns. Union forces first skirmished with Confederate cavalry on the Springfield Pike before the fighting became more general, on Peters Hill, when the Confederate infantry arrived. Both sides were desperate to get access to fresh water. The next day, at dawn, fighting began again around Peters Hill as a Union division advanced up the pike, halting just before the Confederate line. After noon, a Confederate division struck the Union left flank—the I Corps of Maj. Gen. Alexander M. McCook—and forced it to fall back. When more Confederate divisions joined the fray, the Union line made a stubborn stand, counterattacked, but finally fell back with some units routed.Buell, several miles behind the action, was unaware that a major battle was taking place and did not send any reserves to the front until late in the afternoon. The Union troops on the left flank, reinforced by two brigades, stabilized their line, and the Confederate attack sputtered to a halt. Later, three Confederate regiments assaulted the Union division on the Springfield Pike but were repulsed and fell back into Perryville. Union troops pursued, and skirmishing occurred in the streets until dark. By that time, Union reinforcements were threatening the Confederate left flank. Bragg, short of men and supplies, withdrew during the night, and continued the Confederate retreat by way of Cumberland Gap into East Tennessee.Considering the casualties relative to the engaged strengths of the armies, the Battle of Perryville was one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War. It was the largest battle fought in the state of Kentucky.
William Rosecrans | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
William Rosecrans
00:02:03 1 Early life and education
00:04:25 2 Career
00:07:14 2.1 American Civil War
00:10:01 2.1.1 Western Theater
00:10:49 2.1.2 Iuka
00:14:54 2.1.3 Corinth
00:20:26 2.1.4 Army of the Cumberland
00:21:59 2.1.5 Stones River
00:24:57 2.1.6 Tullahoma
00:30:04 2.1.7 Chickamauga
00:35:38 2.1.8 Missouri and resignation
00:37:29 3 Later life
00:41:58 4 Death
00:42:46 5 Legacy
00:44:15 6 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
William Starke Rosecrans (September 6, 1819 – March 11, 1898) was an American inventor, coal-oil company executive, diplomat, politician, and U.S. Army officer. He gained fame for his role as a Union general during the American Civil War. He was the victor at prominent Western Theater battles, but his military career was effectively ended following his disastrous defeat at the Battle of Chickamauga in 1863.
Rosecrans graduated in 1842 from the West Point Military Academy where he served in engineering assignments as well as a professor before leaving the Army to pursue a career in civil engineering. At the start of the Civil War, leading troops from Ohio, he achieved early combat success in western Virginia. In 1862 in the Western Theater, he won the battles of Iuka and Corinth while under the command of Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant. His brusque, outspoken manner and willingness to quarrel openly with superiors caused a professional rivalry with Grant (as well as with Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton) that would adversely affect Rosecrans' career.
Given command of the Army of the Cumberland, he fought against Confederate Gen. Braxton Bragg at Stones River, and later outmaneuvered him in the brilliant Tullahoma Campaign, driving the Confederates from Middle Tennessee. His strategic movements then caused Bragg to abandon the critical city of Chattanooga, but Rosecrans' pursuit of Bragg ended during the bloody Battle of Chickamauga, where his unfortunately worded order mistakenly opened a gap in the Union line and Rosecrans and a third of his army were swept from the field. Besieged in Chattanooga, Rosecrans was relieved of command by Grant.
Following his humiliating defeat, Rosecrans was reassigned to command the Department of Missouri, where he opposed Price's Raid. He was briefly considered as a vice presidential running mate for Abraham Lincoln in 1864. After the war, he served in diplomatic and appointed political positions and in 1880 was elected to Congress, representing California.
Chattanooga Campaign | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Chattanooga Campaign
00:02:21 1 Background
00:02:30 1.1 Military situation
00:08:12 1.2 Reopening the Tennessee River
00:08:21 1.2.1 Opening the Cracker Line
00:11:45 1.2.2 Wauhatchie
00:14:47 1.2.3 Longstreet departs
00:17:10 1.3 Preparations for battle
00:21:49 2 Opposing forces
00:21:58 2.1 Union
00:23:09 2.2 Confederate
00:24:36 3 The Battles for Chattanooga
00:24:45 3.1 Orchard Knob
00:27:48 3.2 Lookout Mountain
00:30:42 3.3 Missionary Ridge
00:34:47 3.4 Rossville Gap
00:37:03 4 Retreat and pursuit
00:37:36 4.1 Ringgold Gap
00:38:54 5 Aftermath
00:41:17 6 Battlefield preservation
00:41:41 7 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Chattanooga Campaign was a series of maneuvers and battles in October and November 1863, during the American Civil War. Following the defeat of Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans' Union Army of the Cumberland at the Battle of Chickamauga in September, the Confederate Army of Tennessee under Gen. Braxton Bragg besieged Rosecrans and his men by occupying key high terrain around Chattanooga, Tennessee. Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant was given command of Union forces in the West, now consolidated under the Division of the Mississippi. Significant reinforcements also began to arrive with him in Chattanooga from Mississippi and the Eastern Theater. On October 19, Grant removed Rosecrans from command of the Army of the Cumberland and replaced him with Major General George Henry Thomas.
After opening a supply line (the Cracker Line) to feed his starving men and animals, Grant's army fought off a Confederate counterattack at the Battle of Wauhatchie on October 28–29, 1863. On November 23, the Army of the Cumberland advanced from the fortifications around Chattanooga to seize the minor high ground at Orchard Knob while elements of the Union Army of the Tennessee under Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman maneuvered to launch a surprise attack against Bragg's right flank on Missionary Ridge. On November 24, Sherman's men crossed the Tennessee River in the morning and then advanced to occupy high ground at the northern end of Missionary Ridge in the afternoon. The same day, Eastern Theater troops under Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker defeated the Confederates in the Battle of Lookout Mountain. The next day they began a movement toward Bragg's left flank at Rossville.
On November 25, Sherman's attack on Bragg's right flank made little progress. Hoping to distract Bragg's attention, Grant ordered Thomas's army to advance in the center of his line to the base of Missionary Ridge. A combination of misunderstood orders and the pressure of the tactical situation caused Thomas's men to surge to the top of Missionary Ridge, routing the Army of Tennessee, which retreated to Dalton, Georgia, fighting off the Union pursuit successfully at the Battle of Ringgold Gap. Bragg's defeat eliminated the last significant Confederate control of Tennessee and opened the door to an invasion of the Deep South, leading to Sherman's Atlanta Campaign of 1864.
YANKS ON THE RUN! #1 Battle of Stone's River - Ultimate General: Civil War (Historical Battle - CSA)
Historically a Union victory, I take on the role of Confederate Commander Braxton Bragg as I attempt to rout the Federals at Stone's River, Tennessee. Fought Dec. 31, 1862 - Jan. 2, 1863 it was up until that point the bloodiest battle of the war. In terms of casualties as a percentage of men engaged, it remained so to the end.
Bloodiest battles of the American Civil War -
For more information on the Fighting McCooks -
Battle of Stones River | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Battle of Stones River
00:02:09 1 Background
00:02:18 1.1 Military situation
00:05:00 1.2 Initial movements
00:08:05 1.3 Geography and location
00:09:51 1.4 Disposition of armies
00:12:19 1.5 Plans
00:13:38 2 Opposing forces
00:14:00 2.1 Union
00:16:07 2.2 Confederate
00:17:42 3 Battle
00:17:51 3.1 December 31, 1862
00:24:54 3.2 January 1–3, 1863
00:29:00 4 Aftermath
00:29:08 4.1 Casualties
00:29:53 4.2 Effect on the Confederacy
00:30:18 4.3 Effect on the Union
00:31:08 5 Battlefield preservation
00:32:00 6 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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The Battle of Stones River (also known as the Second Battle of Murfreesboro) was a battle fought from December 31, 1862, to January 2, 1863, in Middle Tennessee, as the culmination of the Stones River Campaign in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. Of the major battles of the war, Stones River had the highest percentage of casualties on both sides. Although the battle itself was inconclusive, the Union Army's repulse of two Confederate attacks and the subsequent Confederate withdrawal were a much-needed boost to Union morale after the defeat at the Battle of Fredericksburg, and it dashed Confederate aspirations for control of Middle Tennessee.
Union Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans's Army of the Cumberland marched from Nashville, Tennessee, on December 26, 1862, to challenge General Braxton Bragg's Army of Tennessee at Murfreesboro. On December 31, each army commander planned to attack his opponent's right flank, but Bragg struck first. A massive assault by the corps of Maj. Gen. William J. Hardee, followed by that of Leonidas Polk, overran the wing commanded by Maj. Gen. Alexander M. McCook. A stout defense by the division of Brig. Gen. Philip Sheridan in the right center of the line prevented a total collapse and the Union assumed a tight defensive position backing up to the Nashville Turnpike. Repeated Confederate attacks were repulsed from this concentrated line, most notably in the cedar Round Forest salient against the brigade of Col. William B. Hazen. Bragg attempted to continue the assault with the division of Maj. Gen. John C. Breckinridge, but the troops were slow in arriving and their multiple piecemeal attacks failed.
Fighting resumed on January 2, 1863, when Bragg ordered Breckinridge to assault the well-fortified Union position on a hill to the east of the Stones River. Faced with overwhelming artillery, the Confederates were repulsed with heavy losses. Falsely believing that Rosecrans was receiving reinforcements, Bragg chose to withdraw his army on January 3 to Tullahoma, Tennessee. This caused Bragg to lose the confidence of the Army of Tennessee.
Andrew Johnson | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Andrew Johnson
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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- learn while on the move
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875) was the 17th President of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. Johnson assumed the presidency as he was Vice President of the United States at the time of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. A Democrat who ran with Lincoln on the National Union ticket, Johnson came to office as the Civil War concluded. The new president favored quick restoration of the seceded states to the Union. His plans did not give protection to the former slaves, and he came into conflict with the Republican-dominated Congress, culminating in his impeachment by the House of Representatives. He was acquitted in the Senate by one vote.
Johnson was born in poverty in Raleigh, North Carolina and never attended school. Apprenticed as a tailor, he worked in several frontier towns before settling in Greeneville, Tennessee. He served as alderman and mayor there before being elected to the Tennessee House of Representatives in 1835. After brief service in the Tennessee Senate, Johnson was elected to the federal House of Representatives in 1843, where he served five two-year terms. He became Governor of Tennessee for four years, and was elected by the legislature to the U.S. Senate in 1857. In his congressional service, he sought passage of the Homestead Bill, which was enacted soon after he left his Senate seat in 1862. As Southern slave states, including Tennessee, seceded to form the Confederate States of America, Johnson remained firmly with the Union. He was the only sitting senator from a Confederate state who did not resign his seat upon learning of his state's secession. In 1862, Lincoln appointed him as military governor of Tennessee after most of it had been retaken. In 1864, Johnson, as a War Democrat and Southern Unionist, was a logical choice as running mate for Lincoln, who wished to send a message of national unity in his re-election campaign; their ticket easily won. When Johnson was sworn in as vice president in March 1865, he gave a rambling speech, after which he secluded himself to avoid public ridicule. Six weeks later, the assassination of Lincoln made him president.
Johnson implemented his own form of Presidential Reconstruction – a series of proclamations directing the seceded states to hold conventions and elections to re-form their civil governments. When Southern states returned many of their old leaders, and passed Black Codes to deprive the freedmen of many civil liberties, Congressional Republicans refused to seat legislators from those states and advanced legislation to overrule the Southern actions. Johnson vetoed their bills, and Congressional Republicans overrode him, setting a pattern for the remainder of his presidency. Johnson opposed the Fourteenth Amendment, which gave citizenship to former slaves. In 1866, Johnson went on an unprecedented national tour promoting his executive policies, seeking to destroy his Republican opponents. As the conflict between the branches of government grew, Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act, restricting Johnson's ability to fire Cabinet officials. When he persisted in trying to dismiss Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, he was impeached by the House of Representatives, and narrowly avoided conviction in the Senate and removal from office. After failing to win the 1868 Democratic presidential nomination, Johnson left office in 1869.
Returning to Tennessee after his presidency, Johnson sought political vindication, and gained it in his eyes when he was elected to the Senate again in 1875, making Johnson the only former president to serve in the Senate. He died months into his term. While some admire Johnson's strict constitutionalism, his strong opposition to federally guaranteed rights for African Americans is widely criticized. He is regarded by many historians as one of the worst presidents in American history.
Stones River National Battlefield | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Stones River National Battlefield
00:00:30 1 Creation of the National Battlefield
00:03:33 2 Cemetery
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Stones River National Battlefield, a 570-acre (2.3 km2) park along the Stones River in Rutherford County, Tennessee, three miles (5 km) northwest of Murfreesboro and twenty-eight miles southeast of Nashville, memorializes the Battle of Stones River. This key battle of the American Civil War occurred on December 31, 1862 and January 2, 1863, and resulted in a strategic Union victory.