Flushing, Queens
Flushing is a neighborhood in the north-central part of the New York City borough of Queens, in the United States. While much of the neighborhood is residential, Downtown Flushing, centered on the northern end of Main Street, is a large commercial and retail area and is the fourth largest central business district in New York City.
Flushing's diversity is reflected by the numerous ethnic groups that reside there, including people of Asian, Hispanic, Middle Eastern, European, and African American ancestry. It is part of the Fifth Congressional District, which encompasses the entire northeastern shore of Queens County, and extends into neighboring Nassau County. Flushing is served by five railroad stations on the Long Island Rail Road Port Washington Branch, as well as the New York City Subway's IRT Flushing Line, which has its terminus at Main Street. The intersection of Main Street and Roosevelt Avenue is the third busiest intersection in New York City, behind Times and Herald Squares.
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Neighbors Say East New York Mosque Is Too, Too Noisy
Masjid-Al-Aman is a mosque that sits near the border of Queens and Brooklyn in East New York, and offers prayers five times a day. But some residents say the mosque's azan, or call to prayer, is a nuisance—neighbors have filed 156 noise complaints against Masjid-Al-Aman.
Video by Tadia Toussaint
NYPD releases video from police shooting of Brooklyn man
New York City police have released surveillance video and partial 911 calls related to the fatal police shooting of a Brooklyn man on Wednesday. Saheed Vassell was waving a metal pipe that several witnesses thought was a gun.
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Documenting Hate: Charlottesville (full film) | FRONTLINE
FRONTLINE and ProPublica investigate the resurgence of white supremacists in America.
An investigation into how the violent and infamous rally in Charlottesville became a watershed moment for the white supremacist movement. Correspondent A.C. Thompson shows how some of those behind the racist violence went unpunished and shines a light on the rise of new white supremacist groups in America.
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Funding for FRONTLINE is provided through the support of PBS viewers and by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. Major funding for FRONTLINE is provided by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the Ford Foundation. Additional funding is provided by the Abrams Foundation, the Park Foundation, The John and Helen Glessner Family Trust, and the FRONTLINE Journalism Fund with major support from Jon and Jo Ann Hagler on behalf of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation.
New Netherland
New Netherland (Dutch: Nieuw-Nederland, Latin: Nova Belgica or Novum Belgium) was a 17th-century colonial province of the Seven United Netherlands that was located on the East Coast of North America. The claimed territories extended from the Delmarva Peninsula to extreme southwestern Cape Cod, while the more limited settled areas are now part of the Mid-Atlantic States of New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Connecticut, with small outposts in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island.
The colony was conceived as a private business venture to exploit the North American fur trade. During its first decades, New Netherland was settled rather slowly, partially as a result of policy mismanagement by the Dutch West India Company (WIC) and partially as a result of conflicts with Native Americans. The settlement of New Sweden encroached on its southern flank, while its northern border was re-drawn to accommodate an expanding New England. During the 1650s, the colony experienced dramatic growth and became a major port for trade in the North Atlantic. The surrender of Fort Amsterdam to England in 1664 was formalized in 1667, contributing to the Second Anglo–Dutch War. In 1673, the Dutch re-took the area but relinquished it under the Second Treaty of Westminster ending the Third Anglo-Dutch War the next year.
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The Kupferberg Holocaust Resource Center and Archives: Hate Crimes Forum 2007 (Entire Event)
November 7, 2007
On November 7, 2007 Queensborough Community College held a conference entitled What to do if a hate crime is committed in your community. What follows are powerful excerpts from the experiences and concerns expressed that day by both panelist and audience.
Cherry Hill: Sins of the Rabbi (Fred Neulander)
Rabbi Fred Neulander was the founding Rabbi of the Congregation M'Kor Shalom Reform Temple in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, which opened in the summer of 1974. He was convicted of paying congregant Len Jenoff and drifter Paul Daniels $18,000 to carry out a hit on his wife Carol Neulander in the family home on November 1, 1994. He is currently serving a prison term of 30 years to life in Trenton, New Jersey. He continues to profess his innocence.
Rainbow Valley by Lucy Maud Montgomery | Full Audiobook with subtitles
Rainbow Valley (version 2) by Lucy Maud MONTGOMERY
The story moves from Anne and Gilbert to their six children, and their new neighbours, the children of the new Presbyterian minister. - Summary by Karen Savage
Genre(s): Published 1900 onward
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Morality, Contraception & Religion in Post-War America
Samira Mehta discussed the history of contraception and religion in America, the subject of her recent research at the Library. Some clergy in post-World War II America framed the need for contraception in theological terms, including morally-inflected understandings of marriage and the family and Biblically-based commandments to care for the earth. Mehta's talk forefronts the role of ministers and rabbis in using their clerical authority to make contraception socially acceptable, but also in creating a moral language that would be used in support of birth control long after religious voices were the movement's strongest advocates.
Speaker Biography: Samira Mehta is wrapping-up her year as a David Larson Fellow at the Library's John W. Kluge Center, where she has been studying the history of contraception and religion in America for a new book, God Bless the Pill: Sexuality, Contraception and American Religion.
For transcript and more information, visit
Separation of church and state in the United States | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Separation of church and state in the United States
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Separation of church and state is paraphrased from Thomas Jefferson and used by others in expressing an understanding of the intent and function of the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution which reads: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof...
The phrase separation between church & state is generally traced to a January 1, 1802, letter by Thomas Jefferson, addressed to the Danbury Baptist Association in Connecticut, and published in a Massachusetts newspaper. Jefferson wrote,
Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between Man & his God, that he owes account to none other for his faith or his worship, that the legitimate powers of government reach actions only, & not opinions, I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, thus building a wall of separation between Church & State. Adhering to this expression of the supreme will of the nation in behalf of the rights of conscience, I shall see with sincere satisfaction the progress of those sentiments which tend to restore to man all his natural rights, convinced he has no natural right in opposition to his social duties.
Some argue that Jefferson echoes the language of the founder of the first Baptist church in America, Roger Williams who, in 1644, wrote of
[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world.
However, when considered in context, the relationship appears questionable.
When they [the Church] have opened a gap in the hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world, God hath ever broke down the wall itself, removed the Candlestick, etc., and made His Garden a wilderness as it is this day. And that therefore if He will ever please to restore His garden and Paradise again, it must of necessity be walled in peculiarly unto Himself from the world, and all that be saved out of the world are to be transplanted out of the wilderness of the World.
Article Six of the United States Constitution also specifies that no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.
Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment. In Everson v. Board of Education (1947), Justice Hugo Black wrote: In the words of Thomas Jefferson, the clause against establishment of religion by law was intended to erect a wall of separation between church and state.In contrast to separationism, the Supreme Court in Zorach v. Clauson upheld accommodationism, holding that the nation's institutions presuppose a Supreme Being and that government recognition of God does not constitute the establishment of a state church as the Constitution's authors intended to prohibit. As such, the Court has not always interpreted the constitutional principle as absolute, and the proper extent of separation between government and religion in the U.S. remains an ongoing subject of impassioned debate.
Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries, or Jewish exodus from Arab countries, was the departure, flight, expulsion, evacuation and migration of 850,000 Jews, primarily of Sephardi and Mizrahi background, from Arab and Muslim countries, mainly from 1948 to the early 1970s. The last major migration wave took place from Iran in 1979–80, as a consequence of the Islamic Revolution.
A number of small-scale Jewish exoduses began in many Middle Eastern countries early in the 20th century with the only substantial aliyah coming from Yemen and Syria. Prior to the creation of Israel in 1948, approximately 800,000 Jews were living in lands that now make up the Arab world. Of these, just under two-thirds lived in the French and Italian-controlled North Africa, 15–20% in the Kingdom of Iraq, approximately 10% in the Kingdom of Egypt and approximately 7% in the Kingdom of Yemen. A further 200,000 lived in Pahlavi Iran and the Republic of Turkey.
The first large-scale exoduses took place in the late 1940s and early 1950s, primarily from Iraq, Yemen and Libya. In these cases over 90% of the Jewish population left, despite the necessity of leaving their property behind. Two hundred and sixty thousand Jews from Arab countries immigrated to Israel between 1948 and 1951, accounting for 56% of the total immigration to the newly founded state. Following the establishment of the State of Israel, a plan to accommodate 600,000 immigrants over four years, doubling the existing Jewish population, was submitted by the Israeli government to the Knesset. The plan, however, encountered mixed reactions; there were those within the Jewish Agency and government who opposed promoting a large-scale emigration movement among Jews whose lives were not in danger.Later waves peaked at different times in different regions over the subsequent decades. The peak of the exodus from Egypt occurred in 1956 following the Suez Crisis. The exodus from the other North African Arab countries peaked in the 1960s. Lebanon was the only Arab country to see a temporary increase in its Jewish population during this period, due to an influx of Jews from other Arab countries, although by the mid-1970s the Jewish community of Lebanon had also dwindled. Six hundred thousand Jews from Arab and Muslim countries had reached Israel by 1972. In total, of the 900,000 Jews who left Arab and other Muslim countries, 600,000 settled in the new state of Israel, and 300,000 migrated to France and the United States. The descendants of the Jewish immigrants from the region, known as Mizrahi Jews (Eastern Jews) and Sephardic Jews (Spanish Jews), currently constitute more than half of the total population of Israel, partially as a result of their higher fertility rate. In 2009, only 26,000 Jews remained in Arab countries and Iran. and 26,000 in Turkey.The reasons for the exodus included push factors, such as persecution, antisemitism, political instability, poverty and expulsion, together with pull factors, such as the desire to fulfill Zionist yearnings or find a better economic status and a secure home in Europe or the Americas. The history of the exodus has been politicized, given its proposed relevance to the historical narrative of the Arab–Israeli conflict. When presenting the history, those who view the Jewish exodus as analogous to the 1948 Palestinian exodus generally emphasize the push factors and consider those who left as refugees, while those who do not, emphasize the pull factors and consider them willing immigrants.
Queensborough Community College - 2002 Commencement Exercises
A Faithful and Wise Steward Christian sermon preached by Pastor Steven L Anderson
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Quaker | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Quaker
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Quakers (or Friends) are members of a historically Christian group of religious movements formally known as the Religious Society of Friends, Society of Friends or Friends Church. Members of the various Quaker movements are all generally united in a belief in the ability of each human being to experientially access the light within, or that of God in every one.Some may profess the priesthood of all believers, a doctrine derived from the First Epistle of Peter. They include those with evangelical, holiness, liberal, and traditional Quaker understandings of Christianity. There are also Nontheist Quakers whose spiritual practice is not reliant on the existence of gods. To differing extents, the different movements that make up the Religious Society of Friends/Friends Church avoid creeds and hierarchical structures. In 2007, there were about 359,000 adult Quakers worldwide. In 2012, there were 377,055 adult Quakers, with 52% in Africa.Around 89% of Quakers worldwide belong to the evangelical and programmed branches of Quakerism—these Quakers worship in services with singing and a prepared message from the Bible, coordinated by a pastor. Around 11% of Friends practice waiting worship, or unprogrammed worship (more commonly known today as Meeting for Worship), where the order of service is not planned in advance, is predominantly silent, and may include unprepared vocal ministry from those present. Some meetings of both types have Recorded Ministers in their meetings—Friends recognised for their gift of vocal ministry.The first Quakers lived in mid-17th-century England. The movement arose from the Legatine-Arians and other dissenting Protestant groups, breaking away from the established Church of England. The Quakers, especially the ones known as the Valiant Sixty, attempted to convert others to their understanding of Christianity, travelling both throughout Great Britain and overseas, preaching the gospel of Jesus Christ. Some of these early Quaker ministers were women. They based their message on the religious belief that Christ has come to teach his people himself, stressing the importance of a direct relationship with God through Jesus Christ, and a direct religious belief in the universal priesthood of all believers. They emphasized a personal and direct religious experience of Christ, acquired through both direct religious experience and the reading and studying of the Bible. Quakers focused their private life on developing behaviour and speech reflecting emotional purity and the light of God.In the past, Quakers were known for their use of thee as an ordinary pronoun, refusal to participate in war, plain dress, refusal to swear oaths, opposition to slavery, and teetotalism. Some Quakers founded banks and financial institutions, including Barclays, Lloyds, and Friends Provident; manufacturing companies, including shoe retailer C. & J. Clark and the big three British confectionery makers Cadbury, Rowntree and Fry; and philanthropic efforts, including abolition of slavery, prison reform, and social justice projects.In 1947, the Quakers, represented by the British Friends Service Council and the American Friends Service Committee, were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
History of the Jews in Iraq | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of the Jews in Iraq
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
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- learn while on the move
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audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
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This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The history of the Jews in Iraq (Hebrew: יְהוּדִים בָּבְלִים, Babylonian Jews, Yehudim Bavlim, Arabic: اليهود العراقيون al-Yahūd al-ʿIrāqiyyūn), is documented from the time of the Babylonian captivity c. 586 BC. Iraqi Jews constitute one of the world's oldest and most historically significant Jewish communities.
The Jewish community of Babylon included Ezra the scribe, whose return to Judea in the late 6th century BC is associated with significant changes in Jewish ritual observance and the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem. The Talmud was compiled in Babylonia, identified with modern Iraq.From the Babylonian period to the rise of the Islamic caliphate, the Jewish community of Babylon thrived as the center of Jewish learning. The Mongol invasion and Islamic discrimination in the Middle Ages led to its decline. Under the Ottoman Empire, the Jews of Iraq fared better. The community established modern schools in the second half of the 19th century. Driven by persecution, which saw many of the leading Jewish families of Baghdad flee for the Indian subcontinent, and expanding trade with British colonies the Jews of Iraq established a trading diaspora in Asia known as the Baghdadi Jews.In the 20th century, Iraqi Jews played an important role in the early days of Iraq's independence. Between 1950–52, 120,000–130,000 of the Iraqi Jewish community (around 75%) reached Israel in Operation Ezra and Nehemiah.The religious and cultural traditions of Iraqi Jews are still kept alive today in by strong communities now established in the State of Israel, especially in Or Yehuda, Givyatayim and Kiryat Gat. As of 2014 more than 229,900 Israelis were of Iraqi Jewish descent. Smaller communities upholding Iraqi Jewish traditions in the Jewish Diaspora exist in Britain, Australia, Singapore, Canada and the United States.
2018 Kristallnacht Commemoration
November 11, 2018
Join the KHC as we remember the 80th anniversary of Kristallnacht, the violent anti-Jewish pogram that took place over 48 hours beginning on November 9th, 1938. Kristallnacht, “Crystal Night,” or sometimes, “Night of Broken Glass” was a turning point in the history of the Holocaust. Survivor Hanne Liebmann will share her memories of that dreadful day, leading up to her deportation to France – explored in great detail in the KHC’s current exhibition, Conspiracy of Goodness. Following will be a keynote presentation by the 2017-2018 KHC/NEH Scholar-in-Residence, Dr. Azadah Aalai. Dr. Aalai, reflects on her research on bystander behavior as it relates to the theme of complicity and collaboration during the Holocaust. Using a social psychological approach, Dr. Aalai identifies the factors that impacted whether bystanders made efforts to offer aid or rescue to their fellow neighbors versus enabling Nazi genocidal policies by complicity or active collaboration. Her research included exploring holocaust education and measuring the impact the theme had on students who were exposed to the colloquium series over the course of the academic year.
Part of the Drs. Bebe and Owen Bernstein Lecture Series.
Independent Sources- Destination: Cuba
On this edition of Independent Sources, hosted by Garry Pierre-Pierre, we talk about whether Cubans should be cautious or optimistic about the impending changes that are sure to accompany the crush of US investment on the island. Then we hear about how the privatization of public spaces may be curtailing free political speech.
Taped: 12-09-2015
Independent Sources is where viewers meet the ethnic press. IS engages journalists from New York's ethnic and mainstream media in an insightful discussion of stories covered by ethnic newspapers, TV and radio stations and websites. Each show features an in-depth profile of a news organization or a reporter, along with a news roundup. Independent Sources IS an informative, innovative half hour about New York's fastest growing news sector.
Watch more Independent Sources at CUNY TV
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Michaelrood.tv
Menachem Begin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Menachem Begin
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Menachem Begin (listen ; Hebrew: מְנַחֵם בֵּגִין Menaḥem Begin, Polish: Mieczysław Biegun; Russian: Менахем Вольфович Бегин Menakhem Volfovich Begin; 16 August 1913 – 9 March 1992) was an Israeli politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of Israel. Before the creation of the state of Israel, he was the leader of the Zionist militant group Irgun, the Revisionist breakaway from the larger Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah. He proclaimed a revolt, on 1 February 1944, against the British mandatory government, which was opposed by the Jewish Agency. As head of the Irgun, he targeted the British in Palestine. Later, the Irgun fought the Arabs during the 1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine.
Begin was elected to the first Knesset, as head of Herut, the party he founded, and was at first on the political fringe, embodying the opposition to the Mapai-led government and Israeli establishment. He remained in opposition in the eight consecutive elections (except for a national unity government around the Six-Day War), but became more acceptable to the political center. His 1977 electoral victory and premiership ended three decades of Labor Party political dominance.
Begin’s most significant achievement as Prime Minister was the signing of a peace treaty with Egypt in 1979, for which he and Anwar Sadat shared the Nobel Prize for Peace. In the wake of the Camp David Accords, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) withdrew from the Sinai Peninsula, which was captured from Egypt in the Six-Day War. Later, Begin’s government promoted the construction of Israeli settlements in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Begin authorized the bombing of the Osirak nuclear plant in Iraq and the invasion of Lebanon in 1982 to fight PLO strongholds there, igniting the 1982 Lebanon War. As Israeli military involvement in Lebanon deepened, and the Sabra and Shatila massacre, carried out by Christian Phalangist militia allies of the Israelis, shocked world public opinion, Begin grew increasingly isolated. As IDF forces remained mired in Lebanon and the economy suffered from hyperinflation, the public pressure on Begin mounted. Depressed by the death of his wife Aliza in November 1982, he gradually withdrew from public life, until his resignation in October 1983.
Mock Gubernatorial Debate
October 28, 2010