First Shots on McPherson Ridge - Ranger Chuck Teague
The battle of Gettysburg began on the morning of July 1st, 1863 in the fields and woods northwest of Gettysburg. The fighting would eventually surge across farm land owned by Edward McPherson. Join Gettysburg National Military Park Ranger Chuck Teague for a look at the opening stages of the battle of Gettysburg on McPherson Ridge.
Pickett's Charge: The Second Wave
Ranger Troy Harman discusses the possibility of there being a second wave of attack associated with Pickett's Charge on July 3, 1863.
The Congressional Hearings on Meade at Gettysburg in 1864 (Lecture)
General George Meade had to appear before a congressional subcommittee in Washington in the Spring of 1864 to answer several questions seemingly aimed at diminishing his performance at Gettysburg. The several loaded questions leveled at him, and his corps' commanders, who also testified, appear in retrospect to be unfair at best, and a witch hunt at worst. What were the intentions of the Committee on the Conduct of War? Did they simply ask questions that needed to be asked, or did they hope to raise doubts about the administration's ability to prosecute the war? Why burden the memory of a great Union victory with innuendo's that Meade could have done more? Ranger Troy Harman tackles these questions and more in this lecture, featured as a part of Gettysburg National Military Park's 2014 Winter Lecture Series.
Lincoln and the Soldiers' National Cemetery at Gettysburg - Ranger John Hoptak
Join Ranger John Hoptak for a guided tour through Gettysburg's Soldiers' National Cemetery, the final resting place for over 3,500 Union soldiers killed during the battle of Gettysburg as well as the site where Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863.
Pennsylvania in the American Civil War | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Pennsylvania in the American Civil War
00:01:46 1 Recruitment
00:05:03 2 War material and logistics
00:08:28 3 Military actions in Pennsylvania
00:09:52 4 War politics
00:12:37 5 Notable leaders from Pennsylvania
00:12:47 6 Preservation and memorialization
00:14:41 7 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
During the American Civil War, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania played a critical role in the Union, providing a huge supply of military manpower, equipment, and leadership to the Federal government. The state raised over 360,000 soldiers for the Federal armies, and served as a major source of artillery guns, small arms, ammunition, armor for the new revolutionary style of ironclad types of gunboats for the rapidly expanding United States Navy, and food supplies. The Phoenixville Iron Company by itself produced well over 1,000 cannons, and the Frankford Arsenal was a major supply depot.
Pennsylvania was the site of the bloodiest battle of the war, the Battle of Gettysburg,
which became widely known as the one of the turning points of the Civil War. Numerous smaller engagements and skirmishes were also fought in Pennsylvania during the 1863 Gettysburg Campaign, as well as the following year during a Confederate cavalry raid that culminated in the burning of much of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. The industrial town of York, Pennsylvania, was the largest city in the North to be occupied by the Confederate States Army during the war.Several significant Federal leaders hailed from the Commonwealth. Military leaders from Pennsylvania included Generals George G. Meade (the victorious commander at Gettysburg and from Philadelphia), Winfield S. Hancock, John F. Reynolds, Admiral David D. Porter, and Quartermaster General Montgomery C. Meigs. Pennsylvanians also rose to prominence as political figures during the war, like Secretary of War Simon Cameron and the fiery Radical Republican abolitionist Representative Thaddeus Stevens. A small number of Pennsylvanians joined the ranks of the Confederacy, including such leaders Generals John C. Pemberton and Josiah Gorgas.
How Does The Civil War Qualify as the First Modern War?
For 5,800 years of recorded history, wars were fought with pre-modern forms of transportation ad communication, where the world was powered by windmills, watermills, literal horse power and human muscle. However, this all changed with the invention of the steam engine and its implementation in the 19th century. In fifty short years, macadamized roads, canals, steam trains, steam boats, steam presses and telegraph communication revolutionized the transfer of energy and power. By the 1850s, every aspect of western civilization looked and functioned differently than it had for thousands of years. It was in this milieu the Civil War was fought. What did the first modern war look like and how did it differ from previous wars? How did wartime observations by foreign emissaries alter the course of future wars?
Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg was fought July 1--3, 1863, in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania between Union and Confederate forces during the American Civil War. The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war's turning point. Union Maj. Gen. George Meade's Army of the Potomac defeated attacks by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, ending Lee's attempt to invade the North.
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2018 Winter Lecture Series - “A Great Weight at My Heart”: The Army of the Potomac after Gettysburg
This presentation, “A Great Weight at My Heart”: The Army of the Potomac after Gettysburg, describes what happened to the Army of the Potomac after the three day battle in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
EWTN Live - 2019-09-12 - 09/11/19 Fr. Charles Connor
Fr. Charles Connor shows how the the tumult and tragedy of the Civil War forged a new Catholic Identity in the United States of America. Hosted by Fr. Mitch Pacwa.
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
00:02:31 1 History
00:02:40 1.1 Founding
00:04:23 1.2 Pre-industry: 1800–1850
00:06:06 1.3 American Civil War
00:07:28 1.4 Industrial rise: 1850–1920
00:11:31 1.5 Industrial decline: 1920–70
00:12:50 1.6 Beginning of Harrisburg's suburbs: 1880s
00:14:20 1.7 20th century
00:17:31 1.8 21st century: fiscal difficulties and receivership
00:21:06 2 Geography
00:21:15 2.1 Topography
00:22:52 2.2 Adjacent municipalities
00:24:01 2.3 Climate
00:26:15 3 Cityscape
00:26:24 3.1 Neighborhoods
00:26:52 3.2 Architecture
00:28:05 4 Demographics
00:32:37 5 Economy
00:33:35 5.1 Employers
00:33:44 5.1.1 Top 10
00:33:57 6 People and culture
00:34:06 6.1 Culture
00:35:45 6.2 Media
00:36:57 6.2.1 Newspapers
00:37:27 6.2.2 Television
00:38:21 6.2.3 Radio
00:38:46 6.2.4 Portal internet websites
00:38:57 6.2.5 Harrisburg in film
00:39:14 6.3 Museums, art collections, and sites of interest
00:40:56 6.4 Parks and recreation
00:41:21 7 Sports
00:42:42 8 Government
00:42:50 8.1 City of Harrisburg
00:44:15 8.1.1 Property tax reform
00:46:09 8.2 Dauphin County
00:46:34 8.3 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
00:47:22 8.4 Federal government
00:48:17 9 Transport
00:48:26 9.1 Airports
00:49:39 9.2 Public transit
00:51:11 9.3 Intercity bus service
00:52:01 9.4 Regional scheduled line bus service
00:53:04 9.5 Rail
00:53:52 9.5.1 Freight rail
00:54:49 9.5.2 Intercity passenger rail
00:56:21 9.6 Bridges
00:57:07 10 Education
00:57:16 10.1 Public schools
00:59:31 10.2 Private schools
01:00:26 10.3 Higher education
01:00:35 10.3.1 In Harrisburg
01:01:42 10.3.2 Near Harrisburg
01:02:53 10.4 Libraries
01:03:32 11 Sister cities
01:03:51 12 Notable people
01:09:24 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Harrisburg ( HARR-iss-burg; Pennsylvania German: Harrisbarrig) is the capital city of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States, and the county seat of Dauphin County. With a population of 49,192, it is the 15th largest city in the Commonwealth. It lies on the east bank of the Susquehanna River, 107 miles (172 km) west of Philadelphia. Harrisburg is the anchor of the Susquehanna Valley metropolitan area, which had a 2017 estimated population of 571,903, making it the third most populous in Pennsylvania and 96th most populous in the United States.
Harrisburg played a notable role in American history during the Westward Migration, the American Civil War, and the Industrial Revolution. During part of the 19th century, the building of the Pennsylvania Canal and later the Pennsylvania Railroad allowed Harrisburg to become one of the most industrialized cities in the Northeastern United States. The U.S. Navy ship USS Harrisburg, which served from 1918 to 1919 at the end of World War I, was named in honor of the city. In the mid-to-late 20th century, the city's economic fortunes fluctuated with its major industries consisting of government, heavy manufacturing, agriculture, and food services (nearby Hershey is home of the chocolate maker, located just 10 miles (16 km) east).
The Pennsylvania Farm Show, the largest free indoor agriculture exposition in the United States, was first held in Harrisburg in 1917 and has been held there every early-to-mid January since then. Harrisburg also hosts an annual outdoor sports show, the largest of its kind in North America, an auto show, which features a large static display of new as well as classic cars and is renowned nationwide, and Motorama, a two-day event consisting of a car show, motocross racing, remote control car racing, and more. Harrisburg is also known for the Three Mile Island accident, which occurred on March 28, 1979, near Middletown.
In 2010 Forbes rated Harrisburg as the second best place in the U.S. to raise a family. Despite the city's recent financial troubles, in 2010 The Daily Beast website ranked 20 metropolitan areas across the country as being recession-proof, and the Harrisburg region landed at No. 7. The financial stability of the region is in part ...
Marianne Williamson - A Politics of Love | Handbook for a New American Revolution
Marianne speaks about her new book A POLITICS OF LOVE: A Handbook for A New American Revolution, in New York on Monday, April 22, 2019.
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Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Presidents of the United States have frequently appeared on U.S. postage stamps since the mid–1800s. The United States Post Office released its first two postage stamps in 1847, featuring George Washington on one, and Benjamin Franklin on the other . The advent of presidents on postage stamps has been definitive to U.S. postage stamp design since the first issues were released and set the precedent that U.S. stamp designs would follow for many generations.
The paper postage stamp itself was born of utility (in England, 1840), as something simple and easy to use was needed to confirm that postage had been paid for an item of mail. People could purchase several stamps at one time and no longer had to make a special trip to pay for postage each time an item was mailed. The postage stamp design was usually printed from a fine engraving and were almost impossible to forge adequately. This is where the appearance of presidents on stamps was introduced. Moreover, the subject theme of a president, along with the honors associated with it, is what began to define the stamp issues in ways that took it beyond the physical postage stamp itself and is why people began to collect them. There exist entire series of stamp issues whose printing was inspired by the subject alone.
The portrayals of Washington and Franklin on U.S. postage are among the most definitive of examples and have appeared on numerous postage stamps. The presidential theme in stamp designs would continue as the decades passed, each period issuing stamps with variations of the same basic presidential-portrait design theme. The portrayals of U.S. presidents on U.S. postage has remained a significant subject and design theme on definitive postage throughout most of U.S. stamp issuance history.Engraved portrayals of U.S. presidents were the only designs found on U.S. postage from 1847 until 1869, with the one exception of Benjamin Franklin, whose historical stature was comparable to that of a president, although his appearance was also an acknowledgement of his role as the first U. S. Postmaster General. During this period, the U.S. Post Office issued various postage stamps bearing the depictions of George Washington foremost, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, and Abraham Lincoln, the last of whom first appeared in 1866, one year after his death. After twenty-two years of issuing stamps with only presidents and Franklin, the Post Office in 1869 issued a series of eleven postage stamps that were generally regarded by the American public as being abruptly different from the previous issues and whose designs were considered at the time to be a break from the tradition of honoring American forefathers on the nation's postage stamps. These new issues had other nonpresidential subjects and a design style that was also different, one issue bearing a horse, another a locomotive, while others were depicted with nonpresidential themes. Washington and Lincoln were to be found only once in this series of eleven stamps, which some considered to be below par in design and image quality. As a result, this pictographic series was met with general disdain and proved so unpopular that the issues were consequently sold for only one year where remaining stocks were pulled from post offices across the United States.In 1870 the Post Office resumed its tradition of printing postage stamps with the portraits of American Presidents and Franklin but now added several other famous Americans, including Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Alexander Hamilton and General Winfield Scott among other notable Americans. Indeed, the balance had now shifted somewhat; of the ten stamps issued in 1870, only four offered presidential images. Moreover, presidents also appeared on less than half of the denominations in the definitive sets of 1890, 1917, 1954 and 1965, while occupying only a slight major ...