Spencer Museum + Greenland National Museum collaboration
Two graduate students from the University of Greenland, accompanied by Curator and Archaeologist Hans Harmsen of the Greenland National Museum & Archives, visited the Spencer Museum in April 2019 to research the Museum's collection of objects from Greenland collected in 1895 by Lewis Lindsay Dyche. The students photographed a group of objects made by Greenland Inuit people to create a series of three-dimensional images for these objects that will be available online. This research is part of a project that began in 2016 to digitally reunite Greenlandic objects held in museums around the world. Other than the Smithsonian, the Spencer Museum is the only North American institution the project has collaborated with.
Remains of Greenland
Climate change is leading to an accelerated destruction of archaeological sites in the Arctic. In this video researchers go to Greenland to learn more about what is happening to the frozen past.
Remains of Greenland is a co-operation between The National Museum of Denmark, The Greenland National Museum and Archives and Center for Permafrost (CENPERM) at University of Copenhagen and is built on the experiences of several previous collaborative projects.
The project group consists of a team of experienced researchers, young researchers and students. The project focuses on the Nuuk region in South West Greenland, which is the part of Greenland with the highest density and variety of archaeological sites and where the effects of climatic change are already visible.
Read more about the project:
remains 2017 II
Drone footage of winter fieldwork at Kangeq and Qoornoq conducted by the REMAINS team in early March, 2017. Video produced and edited by Mikkel Myrup, Greenland National Museum & Archives. All rights reserved 2017.
Nuulliit archaeology 2015
Nuulliit has been one of the key sites to our understanding of the prehistory of Greenland ever since Erik Holtved’s excavations in the 1940s and Eigil Knuth’s excavations in the 1950s and onwards. The part of the site shown is where Holtved did his most of his excavations and not only produced pioneering Alaskan-style Inuit material (e.g. was is probably the Arctic’s oldest well-preserved gut-skin parkas and toboggan) that was unequalled for many years, but the Nuulliit site was also very important in establishing the basis of our archaeological understanding of the chronology of the prehistory of the eastern Arctic.
The film provides a great view to the landscape in which the site is situated, to the general state of the site (it slowly but steadily eroding into the Sea), and to where the 2015-excavation were done.
Dronefilmoptagelser og 3D-landskabsmodel genereret af dronefotos fra Nuulliit, Avanersuaq, sommeren 2015. Optagelser og redigering: Museumsinspektør Mikkel Myrup, Nunatta Katersugaasivia Allagaateqarfialu/Grønlands Nationalmuseum & Arkiv.
Filming and editing: Curator Mikkel Myrup, Nunatta Katersugaasivia Allagaateqarfialu/The Greenland National Museum & Archives.
Southern Greenland 1914, W. Thalbitzer
In 1914 Danish linguist and eskimologist William Thalbitzer filmed these scenes in southern Greenland. They depict Eskimo folklore in Nanortalik, in the settlement of Sammisoq and on one of the nearby islands. They are excerpts from a film which may be watched in its entire length of 32 minutes in the permanent ethnographic collections Peoples of the Earth in the National Museum of Denmark. Recordings from the valley of Pamialluk, from the settlement Saarloq and Ikigaat are included in the original film. Most probably Thalbitzer's recordings are the most ancient ones existing today from Greenland.
The film is one of the around 300 titles of the 16 mm film archives of the Ethnographic Collections of the National Museum of Denmark which were in 2011 transferred to digital media. These archives include films from all regions of the world, albeit a prominent number of the films are from Greenland.
These are historical film recordings and their content may not be in accordance with contemporary values nor express the values of the National Museum of Denmark. Objections towards the publication of this material may be directed to the National Museum of Denmark: jesper.kurt.nielsen(at)natmus.dk.
”Small churches” in Norse Greenland – what became of them?
Greenland was settled in the later part of the 10th century when Christianity had been introduced in northern Europe. Christianity was a part of the settlers’ kit, and churches and churchyards were built on the farms from the very beginning of settlement. The churches were built close to the farmhouses, and they were characterised by their “secular” architecture, small size, and a surrounding circular, or sub-circular, enclosure. During the 13th century the early churchyards were taken out of use, as were apparently the church buildings, and a number of farms lost their status as church farms. In the same period new and larger churches were built either on earlier church farms or on newly established ones, now adapting “traditional” church building architecture known in Scandinavia. Based on archaeological excavations of “small churches” 2001 – 2010 I will explore the changes in Norse Greenlandic church building in the context of ecclesiastical and community organisation.
Author - Dr. Arneborg, Jette, Danish National Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark (Presenting author)
Studying the Greenland Ice Sheet: Implications for our Climate's Past, Present, & Future
What can ice cores from Greenland teach us about climate change and future sea level rise? Join us for a seminar by Dr. Dorthe Dahl-Jensen of the Centre for Ice and Climate, University of Copenhagen.
Monday, January 23, 2017
3:30pm-4:30pm
Haldeman 41 (Kreindler Conference Hall)
Co-sponsored by the Department of Earth Sciences, The Society of Fellows, and the Dickey Center's Institute of Arctic Studies.
South Greenland - colorful small town Qaqortoq - the arriving with a boat from a cruise vessel
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Scientists discover 512 years old Greenland shark, born in 1500s in North Atlantic Ocean
512 Year-Old Greenland Shark Found in Arctic; Likely Oldest Living Vertebrate
The researchers measured the creature and estimated that it could have been born as early as 1505. It is known to live in temperatures of -1° Celsius and 10° Celsius. A report by Metro.co.uk, said that the shark can swim as deep as 7,200 feet and weighs more than a tonne.
According to the report, the found shark measured at 18 feet in length. It is this length which reportedly can mean the shark can be anywhere between 272 to 512 years old, as this species grows at a rate of 1 cm in a year
History of Greenland | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:17 1 Early Paleo-Eskimo cultures
00:06:20 2 Norse settlement
00:15:41 3 Norse failure
00:31:01 4 Late Dorset and Thule cultures
00:33:00 5 Danish recolonization
00:43:58 6 Polar exploration
00:44:58 7 Strategic importance
00:45:54 7.1 World War II
00:47:22 7.2 Cold War
00:50:14 8 Home rule
00:56:35 9 See also
00:57:20 10 Notes
00:57:30 11 Bibliography
01:01:03 12 External links
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Speaking Rate: 0.7036985617805575
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The history of Greenland is a history of life under extreme Arctic conditions: currently, an ice cap covers about 80 percent of the island, restricting human activity largely to the coasts.
The first humans are thought to have arrived in Greenland around 2500 BC. Their descendants apparently died out and were succeeded by several other groups migrating from continental North America. There has been no evidence discovered that Greenland was known to Europeans until the 10th century, when Icelandic Vikings settled on its southwestern coast, which seems to have been uninhabited when they arrived. The ancestors of the Inuit Greenlanders who live there today appear to have migrated there later, around 1200 AD, from northwestern Greenland. While the Inuit survived in the icy world of the Little Ice Age, the early Norse settlements along the southwestern coast disappeared, leaving the Inuit as the only inhabitants of the island for several centuries. During this time, Denmark-Norway, apparently believing the Norse settlements had survived, continued to claim sovereignty over the island despite the lack of any contact between the Norse Greenlanders and their Scandinavian brethren. In 1721, aspiring to become a colonial power, Denmark-Norway sent a missionary expedition to Greenland with the stated aim of reinstating Christianity among descendants of the Norse Greenlanders who may have reverted to paganism. When the missionaries found no descendants of the Norse Greenlanders, they baptized the Inuit Greenlanders they found living there instead. Denmark-Norway then developed trading colonies along the coast and imposed a trade monopoly and other colonial privileges on the area.
During World War II, when Germany invaded Denmark, Greenlanders became socially and economically less connected to Denmark and more connected to the United States and Canada. After the war, Denmark resumed control of Greenland and in 1953, converted its status from colony to overseas amt (county). Although Greenland is still a part of the Kingdom of Denmark, it has enjoyed home rule since 1979. In 1985, the island decided to leave the European Economic Community (EEC), which it had joined as a part of Denmark in 1973; the Faroes had never joined.
Greenland | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Greenland
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Greenland (Greenlandic: Kalaallit Nunaat, pronounced [kalaːɬit nunaːt]; Danish: Grønland, pronounced [ˈɡʁɶnˌlanˀ]) is an autonomous constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe (specifically Norway and Denmark, the colonial powers, as well as the nearby island of Iceland) for more than a millennium. The majority of its residents are Inuit, whose ancestors began migrating from the Canadian mainland in the 13th century, gradually settling across the island.
Greenland is the world's largest island. Australia and Antarctica, although larger, are generally considered to be continental landmasses rather than islands. Three-quarters of Greenland is covered by the only permanent ice sheet outside Antarctica. With a population of about 56,480 (2013), it is the least densely populated territory in the world. About a third of the population live in Nuuk, the capital and largest city. The Arctic Umiaq Line ferry acts as a lifeline for western Greenland, connecting the various cities and settlements.
Greenland has been inhabited off and on for at least the last 4,500 years by Arctic peoples whose forebears migrated there from what is now Canada. Norsemen settled the uninhabited southern part of Greenland beginning in the 10th century, having previously settled Iceland to escape persecution from the King of Norway and his central government. These Norsemen would later set sail from Greenland and Iceland, with Leif Erikson becoming the first known European to reach North America nearly 500 years before Columbus reached the Caribbean islands. Inuit peoples arrived in the 13th century. Though under continuous influence of Norway and Norwegians, Greenland was not formally under the Norwegian crown until 1262. The Norse colonies disappeared in the late 15th century when Norway was hit by the Black Death and entered a severe decline. Soon after their demise, beginning in 1499, the Portuguese briefly explored and claimed the island, naming it Terra do Lavrador (later applied to Labrador in Canada).In the early 17th century, Danish explorers reached Greenland again. To strengthen trading and power, Denmark–Norway affirmed sovereignty over the island. Because of Norway's weak status, it lost sovereignty over Greenland in 1814 when the union was dissolved. Greenland became Danish in 1814, and was fully integrated in the Danish state in 1953 under the Constitution of Denmark.
In 1973, Greenland joined the European Economic Community with Denmark. However, in a referendum in 1982, a majority of the population voted for Greenland to withdraw from the EEC, which was effected in 1985. Greenland contains the world's largest and most northerly national park, Northeast Greenland National Park (Kalaallit Nunaanni nuna eqqissisimatitaq). Established in 1974, and expanded to its present size in 1988, it protects 972,001 square kilometres (375,292 sq mi) of the interior and northeastern coast of Greenland and is bigger than all but twenty-nine countries in the world. Greenland is divided into five municipalities – Sermersooq, Kujalleq, Qeqertalik, Qeqqata, and Avannaata.Greenland does not have an independent seat at the United Nations.In 1979, Denmark granted home rule to Greenland, and in 2008, Greenlanders voted in favor of the Self-Government Act, which transferred more power from the Danish government to the local Greenlandic government. Under the new structure, in effect since 21 June 2009, Greenland can gradually assume responsibility for policing, judicial system, company law, accounting, and auditing; mineral resource activities; aviation; law of legal capacity, family law and succession law; aliens and border controls; the working environment; and financial regulation and supervision, while the Danish government retains ...
Greenland | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Greenland
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Greenland (Greenlandic: Kalaallit Nunaat, pronounced [kalaːɬit nunaːt]; Danish: Grønland, pronounced [ˈɡʁɶnˌlanˀ]) is an autonomous constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe (specifically Norway and Denmark, the colonial powers, as well as the nearby island of Iceland) for more than a millennium. The majority of its residents are Inuit, whose ancestors began migrating from the Canadian mainland in the 13th century, gradually settling across the island.
Greenland is the world's largest island. Australia and Antarctica, although larger, are generally considered to be continental landmasses rather than islands. Three-quarters of Greenland is covered by the only permanent ice sheet outside Antarctica. With a population of about 56,480 (2013), it is the least densely populated territory in the world. About a third of the population live in Nuuk, the capital and largest city. The Arctic Umiaq Line ferry acts as a lifeline for western Greenland, connecting the various cities and settlements.
Greenland has been inhabited off and on for at least the last 4,500 years by Arctic peoples whose forebears migrated there from what is now Canada. Norsemen settled the uninhabited southern part of Greenland beginning in the 10th century, having previously settled Iceland to escape persecution from the King of Norway and his central government. These Norsemen would later set sail from Greenland and Iceland, with Leif Erikson becoming the first known European to reach North America nearly 500 years before Columbus reached the Caribbean islands. Inuit peoples arrived in the 13th century. Though under continuous influence of Norway and Norwegians, Greenland was not formally under the Norwegian crown until 1262. The Norse colonies disappeared in the late 15th century when Norway was hit by the Black Death and entered a severe decline. Soon after their demise, beginning in 1499, the Portuguese briefly explored and claimed the island, naming it Terra do Lavrador (later applied to Labrador in Canada).In the early 17th century, Danish explorers reached Greenland again. To strengthen trading and power, Denmark–Norway affirmed sovereignty over the island. Because of Norway's weak status, it lost sovereignty over Greenland in 1814 when the union was dissolved. Greenland became Danish in 1814, and was fully integrated in the Danish state in 1953 under the Constitution of Denmark.
In 1973, Greenland joined the European Economic Community with Denmark. However, in a referendum in 1982, a majority of the population voted for Greenland to withdraw from the EEC, which was effected in 1985. Greenland contains the world's largest and most northerly national park, Northeast Greenland National Park (Kalaallit Nunaanni nuna eqqissisimatitaq). Established in 1974, and expanded to its present size in 1988, it protects 972,001 square kilometres (375,292 sq mi) of the interior and northeastern coast of Greenland and is bigger than all but twenty-nine countries in the world. Greenland is divided into five municipalities – Sermersooq, Kujalleq, Qeqertalik, Qeqqata, and Avannaata.Greenland does not have an independent seat at the United Nations.In 1979, Denmark granted home rule to Greenland, and in 2008, Greenlanders voted in favor of the Self-Government Act, which transferred more power from the Danish government to the local Greenlandic government. Under the new structure, in effect since 21 June 2009, Greenland can gradually assume responsibility for policing, judicial system, company law, accounting, and auditing; mineral resource activities; aviation; law of legal capacity, family law and succession law; aliens and border controls; the working environment; and financial regulation and supervision, while the Danish government retains ...
Greenland | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Greenland
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Greenland (Greenlandic: Kalaallit Nunaat, pronounced [kalaːɬit nunaːt]; Danish: Grønland, pronounced [ˈɡʁɶnˌlanˀ]) is an autonomous constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe (specifically Norway and Denmark, the colonial powers, as well as the nearby island of Iceland) for more than a millennium. The majority of its residents are Inuit, whose ancestors began migrating from the Canadian mainland in the 13th century, gradually settling across the island.
Greenland is the world's largest island. Australia and Antarctica, although larger, are generally considered to be continental landmasses rather than islands. Three-quarters of Greenland is covered by the only permanent ice sheet outside Antarctica. With a population of about 56,480 (2013), it is the least densely populated territory in the world. About a third of the population live in Nuuk, the capital and largest city. The Arctic Umiaq Line ferry acts as a lifeline for western Greenland, connecting the various cities and settlements.
Greenland has been inhabited off and on for at least the last 4,500 years by Arctic peoples whose forebears migrated there from what is now Canada. Norsemen settled the uninhabited southern part of Greenland beginning in the 10th century, having previously settled Iceland to escape persecution from the King of Norway and his central government. These Norsemen would later set sail from Greenland and Iceland, with Leif Erikson becoming the first known European to reach North America nearly 500 years before Columbus reached the Caribbean islands. Inuit peoples arrived in the 13th century. Though under continuous influence of Norway and Norwegians, Greenland was not formally under the Norwegian crown until 1262. The Norse colonies disappeared in the late 15th century when Norway was hit by the Black Death and entered a severe decline. Soon after their demise, beginning in 1499, the Portuguese briefly explored and claimed the island, naming it Terra do Lavrador (later applied to Labrador in Canada).In the early 17th century, Danish explorers reached Greenland again. To strengthen trading and power, Denmark–Norway affirmed sovereignty over the island. Because of Norway's weak status, it lost sovereignty over Greenland in 1814 when the union was dissolved. Greenland became Danish in 1814, and was fully integrated in the Danish state in 1953 under the Constitution of Denmark.
In 1973, Greenland joined the European Economic Community with Denmark. However, in a referendum in 1982, a majority of the population voted for Greenland to withdraw from the EEC, which was effected in 1985. Greenland contains the world's largest and most northerly national park, Northeast Greenland National Park (Kalaallit Nunaanni nuna eqqissisimatitaq). Established in 1974, and expanded to its present size in 1988, it protects 972,001 square kilometres (375,292 sq mi) of the interior and northeastern coast of Greenland and is bigger than all but twenty-nine countries in the world. Greenland is divided into five municipalities – Sermersooq, Kujalleq, Qeqertalik, Qeqqata, and Avannaata.Greenland does not have an independent seat at the United Nations.In 1979, Denmark granted home rule to Greenland, and in 2008, Greenlanders voted in favor of the Self-Government Act, which transferred more power from the Danish government to the local Greenlandic government. Under the new structure, in effect since 21 June 2009, Greenland can gradually assume responsibility for policing, judicial system, company law, accounting, and auditing; mineral resource activities; aviation; law of legal capacity, family law and succession law; aliens and border controls; the working environment; and financial regulation and supervision, while the Danish government retains ...
Punakha Dzong, Bhutan
Walking through Punakh dzong
Reykjavík | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:17 1 History
00:04:12 1.1 Rise of nationalism
00:06:03 1.2 World War II
00:07:48 1.3 Post-war development
00:09:09 2 Geography
00:11:32 2.1 Climate
00:14:32 3 Cityscape
00:14:41 4 City administration
00:15:49 4.1 Political control
00:18:29 4.2 Mayor
00:19:22 5 Demographics
00:21:06 5.1 Districts
00:21:55 6 Economy
00:22:45 7 Infrastructure
00:22:54 7.1 Roads
00:23:40 7.2 Airports and seaports
00:24:29 7.3 Railways
00:24:52 7.4 District heating
00:25:42 8 Cultural heritage
00:26:25 9 Lifestyle
00:26:34 9.1 Nightlife
00:27:33 9.2 Live music
00:28:11 9.3 New Year's Eve
00:28:40 9.4 Street Art
00:28:59 10 Main sights
00:30:39 11 Recreation
00:31:14 12 Education
00:31:23 12.1 Secondary schools
00:32:04 12.2 Universities
00:32:20 12.3 International schools
00:32:36 13 Sports teams
00:32:46 13.1 Football
00:32:54 13.1.1 Úrvalsdeild
00:33:03 13.1.2 1. deild karla
00:33:29 13.2 Other
00:33:38 14 Twin towns and sister cities
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9039241625013086
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Reykjavík ( RAYK-yə-vik, -veek; Icelandic: [ˈreiːcaˌviːk] (listen)) is the capital and largest city of Iceland. It is located in southwestern Iceland, on the southern shore of Faxaflói bay. Its latitude is 64°08' N, making it the world's northernmost capital of a sovereign state. With a population of around 128,793 (and 228,231 in the Capital Region), it is the center of Iceland's cultural, economic and governmental activity, and is a popular tourist destination.
Reykjavík is believed to be the location of the first permanent settlement in Iceland, which, according to Landnámabók, was established by Ingólfr Arnarson in AD 874. Until the 19th century, there was no urban development in the city location. The city was founded in 1785 as an official trading town and grew steadily over the following decades, as it transformed into a regional and later national centre of commerce, population, and governmental activities. It is among the cleanest, greenest, and safest cities in the world.
The design of world-class libraries
Morten Schmidt of Schmidt Hammer Lassen Architects, one of Scandinavia's most well-regarded architectural practices, discusses how contemporary design can make modern libraries relevant, vibrant and inviting to people and their communities. This free talk was held at State Library Victoria in July 2016.
Fridtjof Nansen | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Fridtjof Nansen
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
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- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Fridtjof Nansen (Norwegian: [²fɾɪtːjɔf ˈnɑnsn̩]; 10 October 1861 – 13 May 1930) was a Norwegian explorer, scientist, diplomat, humanitarian and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. In his youth he was a champion skier and ice skater. He led the team that made the first crossing of the Greenland interior in 1888, traversing the island on cross-country skis. He won international fame after reaching a record northern latitude of 86°14′ during his Fram expedition of 1893–1896. Although he retired from exploration after his return to Norway, his techniques of polar travel and his innovations in equipment and clothing influenced a generation of subsequent Arctic and Antarctic expeditions.
Nansen studied zoology at the Royal Frederick University in Christiania and later worked as a curator at the University Museum of Bergen where his research on the central nervous system of lower marine creatures earned him a doctorate and helped establish neuron doctrine. Later, famed neuroscientist Santiago Ramón y Cajal would win the 1906 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his research on the same subject, though technical priority for the theory is given to Nansen. After 1896 his main scientific interest switched to oceanography; in the course of his research he made many scientific cruises, mainly in the North Atlantic, and contributed to the development of modern oceanographic equipment. As one of his country's leading citizens, in 1905 Nansen spoke out for the ending of Norway's union with Sweden, and was instrumental in persuading Prince Carl of Denmark to accept the throne of the newly independent Norway. Between 1906 and 1908 he served as the Norwegian representative in London, where he helped negotiate the Integrity Treaty that guaranteed Norway's independent status.
In the final decade of his life, Nansen devoted himself primarily to the League of Nations, following his appointment in 1921 as the League's High Commissioner for Refugees. In 1922 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work on behalf of the displaced victims of the First World War and related conflicts. Among the initiatives he introduced was the Nansen passport for stateless persons, a certificate that used to be recognised by more than 50 countries. He worked on behalf of refugees until his sudden death in 1930, after which the League established the Nansen International Office for Refugees to ensure that his work continued. This office received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1938. His name is commemorated in numerous geographical features, particularly in the polar regions.
List of natural history museums | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:00:34 1 Africa
00:00:42 1.1 Algeria
00:00:56 1.2 Angola
00:01:12 1.3 Botswana
00:01:24 1.4 Canary Islands
00:01:44 1.5 Egypt
00:02:00 1.6 Ethiopia
00:02:14 1.7 Kenya
00:02:28 1.8 Mozambique
00:02:41 1.9 Namibia
00:02:56 1.10 South Africa
00:03:58 1.11 Sudan
00:04:10 1.12 Tanzania
00:04:24 1.13 Tunisia
00:04:36 1.14 Uganda
00:05:04 1.15 Zimbabwe
00:05:17 2 Asia
00:05:26 2.1 China
00:06:38 2.2 India
00:07:26 2.3 Indonesia
00:07:39 2.4 Iran
00:08:23 2.5 Iraq
00:08:35 2.6 Israel
00:09:03 2.7 Japan
00:11:35 2.8 Jordan
00:11:46 2.9 Kyrgyzstan
00:11:59 2.10 Malaysia
00:12:14 2.11 Mongolia
00:12:32 2.12 Oman
00:12:44 2.13 Pakistan
00:12:56 2.14 Philippines
00:13:16 2.15 Qatar
00:13:28 2.16 Singapore
00:13:42 2.17 South Korea
00:14:04 2.18 Taiwan
00:14:34 2.19 Thailand
00:17:35 2.20 United Arab Emirates
00:17:48 2.21 Uzbekistan
00:18:00 2.22 Vietnam
00:18:16 3 Central America
00:18:25 3.1 Belize
00:18:38 3.2 Costa Rica
00:19:16 3.3 Dominican Republic
00:19:37 3.4 Grenada
00:19:48 3.5 Guatemala
00:20:19 3.6 Honduras
00:20:31 3.7 Nicaragua
00:21:26 3.8 Panama
00:22:24 4 Europe
00:22:33 4.1 Albania
00:22:45 4.2 Armenia
00:23:00 4.3 Austria
00:24:49 4.4 Azerbaijan
00:25:12 4.5 Belarus
00:25:29 4.6 Belgium
00:25:46 4.7 Bosnia and Herzegovina
00:26:00 4.8 Bulgaria
00:26:50 4.9 Croatia
00:27:50 4.10 Czech Republic
00:28:09 4.11 Denmark
00:28:35 4.12 Estonia
00:28:52 4.13 Finland
00:29:23 4.14 France
00:31:21 4.15 Georgia
00:31:44 4.16 Germany
00:35:08 4.17 Greece
00:35:45 4.18 Greenland
00:35:57 4.19 Hungary
00:37:14 4.20 Iceland
00:37:27 4.21 Ireland
00:37:52 4.22 Italy
00:40:51 4.23 Latvia
00:41:03 4.24 Liechtenstein
00:41:15 4.25 Lithuania
00:41:32 4.26 Luxembourg
00:41:45 4.27 Macedonia
00:41:58 4.28 Malta
00:42:11 4.29 Moldova
00:42:24 4.30 Monaco
00:42:36 4.31 Montenegro
00:42:50 4.32 The Netherlands
00:43:58 4.33 Norway
00:44:27 4.34 Poland
00:45:00 4.35 Portugal
00:46:21 4.36 Romania
00:49:15 4.37 Russia
00:50:21 4.38 Serbia
00:50:43 4.39 Slovenia
00:50:58 4.40 Slovakia
00:51:14 4.41 Spain
00:52:53 4.42 Sweden
00:53:55 4.43 Switzerland
00:54:57 4.44 Turkey
00:55:17 4.45 Ukraine
00:56:09 4.46 United Kingdom
00:56:18 4.46.1 England
00:57:49 4.46.2 Scotland
00:58:23 4.46.3 Wales
00:58:37 4.46.4 Northern Ireland
00:58:48 5 North America
00:58:57 5.1 Bermuda
00:59:10 5.2 Canada
00:59:18 5.2.1 Alberta
00:59:41 5.2.2 British Columbia
01:00:11 5.2.3 Manitoba
01:00:51 5.2.4 New Brunswick
01:01:02 5.2.5 Newfoundland
01:01:17 5.2.6 Nova Scotia
01:01:34 5.2.7 Ontario
01:02:04 5.2.8 Quebec
01:02:43 5.2.9 Saskatchewan
01:03:13 5.2.10 Yukon
01:03:30 5.3 Mexico
01:04:34 5.4 United States
01:04:43 6 Oceania
01:04:52 6.1 Australia
01:07:01 6.2 Indonesia
01:08:29 6.3 New Zealand
01:09:02 7 South America
01:09:11 7.1 Argentina
01:13:12 7.2 Bolivia
01:13:41 7.3 Brazil
01:15:04 7.4 Chile
01:15:29 7.5 Colombia
01:16:06 7.6 Ecuador
01:16:20 7.7 Guyana
01:16:32 7.8 Paraguay
01:16:45 7.9 Peru
01:17:04 7.10 Trinidad and Tobago
01:17:21 7.11 Uruguay
01:17:40 7.12 Venezuela
01:18:49 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
This is a list of natural history museums, also known as museums of natural history, i.e. museums whose exhibits focus on the subject of natural history, including such topics as animals, plants, ecosystems, geology, paleontology, and climatology.
Some museums feature natural-history collections in addition to other collections, such as ones related to history, art and science. In addition, nature centers often include natural-history exhibits.
Ulaanbaatar | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Ulaanbaatar
00:01:20 1 Names and etymology
00:03:36 2 History
00:03:45 2.1 Prehistory
00:04:17 2.2 Before 1639
00:05:05 2.3 Mobile monastery
00:10:18 2.4 Urga and the Kyakhta trade
00:11:53 2.5 Independence and socialist era
00:15:44 2.6 Democratic protests of 1989–1990
00:17:08 2.7 Since 1990
00:18:38 3 Geography and climate
00:21:39 4 Panoramas
00:21:48 5 Administration and subdivisions
00:23:06 6 Economy
00:24:07 7 Sights
00:25:52 7.1 Monasteries
00:26:34 7.1.1 Winter Palace
00:27:41 7.2 Museums
00:30:34 7.3 Chinggis (Sükhbaatar) Square
00:31:27 7.4 Zaisan Memorial
00:32:01 7.5 National Sport Stadium
00:32:18 7.6 Arts and culture
00:33:45 8 Parks
00:35:37 8.1 Embassies and consulates
00:36:13 9 Religion
00:36:39 10 Municipal symbols
00:36:59 10.1 City emblem and flag
00:37:35 11 Education
00:38:51 12 Libraries
00:39:00 12.1 National Library
00:39:21 12.2 Public libraries
00:41:03 12.3 University libraries
00:41:45 12.4 Digital libraries
00:43:26 12.5 Special libraries
00:45:16 12.6 Archives
00:45:50 13 Transport
00:47:52 14 Air pollution
00:48:46 15 Twin towns – sister cities
00:48:59 15.1 Proximity to nearby urban centers abroad
00:50:01 16 Notable individuals
00:50:24 17 Appearances in fiction
00:50:45 18 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Ulaanbaatar, formerly anglicised as Ulan Bator (Mongolian: Улаанбаатар, [ʊɮɑːm.bɑːtʰɑ̆r], Ulaγanbaγatur, literally Red Hero), is the capital and largest city of Mongolia. The city is not part of any aimag (province), and its population as of 2014 was over 1.3 million, almost half of the country's total population. Located in north central Mongolia, the municipality lies at an elevation of about 1,300 meters (4,300 ft) in a valley on the Tuul River. It is the country's cultural, industrial and financial heart, the centre of Mongolia's road network and connected by rail to both the Trans-Siberian Railway in Russia and the Chinese railway system.The city was founded in 1639 as a nomadic Buddhist monastic centre. It settled permanently at its present location, the junction of the Tuul and Selbe rivers, in 1778. Prior to that occasion it changed location twenty-eight times, each new location being chosen ceremonially. In the twentieth century, Ulaanbaatar grew into a major manufacturing center. Ulaanbaatar is a member of the Asian Network of Major Cities 21. The city's official website lists Moscow, Hohhot, Seoul, Sapporo and Denver as sister cities.
Moravian Church | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Moravian Church
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
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audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
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This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The Moravian Church, formally named the Unitas Fratrum (Latin for Unity of the Brethren), in German known as [Herrnhuter] Brüdergemeine (meaning Brethren's Congregation from Herrnhut, the place of the Church's renewal in the 18th century), is one of the oldest Protestant denominations in the world, with its heritage dating back to the Bohemian Reformation in the 15th century and the Unity of the Brethren (Czech: Jednota bratrská) established in the Kingdom of Bohemia.
The name by which the denomination is commonly known comes from the original exiles who fled to Saxony in 1722 from Moravia to escape religious persecution, but its heritage began in 1457 in Bohemia and its crown lands (Moravia and Silesia), then forming an autonomous kingdom within the Holy Roman Empire. The modern Unitas Fratrum, with about one million members worldwide, continues to draw on traditions established during the 18th century. The Moravians continue their tradition of missionary work, such as in the Caribbean, as is reflected in their broad global distribution. They place high value on ecumenism, personal piety, missions and music.
The Moravian Church's emblem is the Lamb of God (Agnus Dei) with the flag of victory, surrounded by the Latin inscription: Vicit agnus noster, eum sequamur (English: Our Lamb has conquered, let us follow Him).