Lynching in the United States | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Lynching in the United States
00:03:30 1 Background
00:07:58 2 Name origin
00:08:28 3 Social characteristics
00:11:32 4 The West
00:14:42 5 Reconstruction (1865–1877)
00:18:48 6 Disenfranchisement (1877–1917)
00:23:19 6.1 Other ethnicities
00:26:20 6.2 Enforcing Jim Crow
00:33:30 7 Photographic records and postcards
00:38:22 7.1 Resistance
00:41:43 7.2 Federal action limited by the Solid South
00:44:53 7.3 Great Migration
00:46:53 8 World War I to World War II
00:47:04 8.1 Resistance
00:48:11 8.2 New Klan
00:51:26 8.3 Continuing resistance
00:57:00 8.4 Federal action and southern resistance
01:00:34 9 World War II to present
01:00:44 9.1 Second Great Migration
01:01:41 9.2 Federal action
01:03:36 9.3 Lynching and the Cold War
01:05:13 9.4 Civil Rights Movement
01:08:32 9.5 After the Civil Rights Movement
01:11:48 10 Effects
01:12:29 11 Statistics
01:18:30 12 Representation in popular culture
01:18:41 12.1 Literature and film
01:24:52 12.2 Strange Fruit
01:26:05 13 Laws
01:29:31 13.1 State laws
01:33:32 14 See also
01:33:41 15 Notes
01:33:49 16 Books and references
01:39:24 17 Further reading
01:43:36 18 External links
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Lynching is the practice of murder by a group by extrajudicial action. Lynchings in the United States rose in number after the American Civil War in the late 1800s, following the emancipation of slaves; they declined in the 1920s but have continued to take place into the 21st century. Most lynchings were of African-American men in the South, but women were also lynched, and white lynchings of blacks occurred in Midwestern and border states, especially during the 20th-century Great Migration of blacks out of the South. The purpose was to enforce white supremacy and intimidate blacks by racial terrorism. On a per capita basis lynchings were also common in California and the Old West, especially of Latinos, although they represented less than 10% of the national total. Native Americans and Asian Americans were also lynched. Other ethnicities (white, Finnish-American, Jewish, Irish, Italian-American) were occasionally lynched.
The stereotype of a lynching is a hanging, because hangings are what crowds of people saw, and are also easy to photograph. Some hangings were professionally photographed and sold as postcards, which were popular souvenirs in some parts of the U.S. Victims were also killed by mobs in a variety of other ways: shot repeatedly, burned alive, forced to jump off a bridge, dragged behind cars, and the like. Sometimes they were tortured as well, with body parts sometimes removed and sold as souvenirs. Occasionally lynchings were not fatal (see Lynching survivors in the United States). A mock lynching, putting the rope around the neck of someone suspected of concealing information, might be used to compel confessions.According to the Tuskegee Institute, 4,743 people were lynched between 1882 and 1968 in the United States, including 3,446 African Americans and 1,297 whites. More than 73 percent of lynchings in the post-Civil War period occurred in the Southern states. According to the Equal Justice Initiative, 4,084 African-Americans were lynched between 1877 and 1950 in the South.Lynchings were most frequent from 1890 to the 1920s, with a peak in 1892. Lynchings were often large mob actions, attended by hundreds or thousands of watchers, sometimes announced in advance in newspapers and in one instance with a special train. However, in the later 20th century lynchings became more secretive, and were conducted by smaller groups of people.
According to Michael Pfeifer, the prevalence of lynching in postbellum America reflects lack of confidence in the due process judicial system. He links the decline in lynching in the early twentieth century with the advent of the modern death penalty: legislators renovated the death penalty...out of direct concern for the alternative of mob violence. He also cites the modern, racialized excesses of u ...
[Official Video] Cheerleader – Pentatonix (OMI Cover)
TICKETS TO THE FIRST LEG OF ‘PENTATONIX: THE WORLD TOUR' ON SALE NOW
5/11/2019 - Oracle Arena - Oakland, CA
5/14/2019 - Save Mart Center - Fresno, CA
5/16/2019 - The Forum - Inglewood, CA
5/19/2019 - Pepsi Center - Denver, CO
5/21/2019 - BOK Center - Tulsa, OK
5/23/2019 - AT&T Center - San Antonio, TX
5/25/2019 - Von Braun Center - Huntsville, AL
5/26/2019 - KFC Yum! Center - Louisville, KY
5/30/2019 - Greensboro Coliseum Complex - Greensboro, NC
6/1/2019 - Amway Center - Orlando, FL
6/2/2019 - James Brown Arena - Augusta, GA
6/4/2019 - PPL Center - Allentown, PA
6/6/2019 - Madison Square Garden - New York, NY
6/8/2019 - DCU Center - Worcester, MA
6/9/2019 - Mark G Etess Arena - Atlantic City, NJ
6/11/2019 - Centre Bell - Montreal, Canada
6/13/2019 - Mohegan Sun Arena - Uncasville, CT
6/15/2019 - Van Andel Arena - Grand Rapids, MI
6/16/2019 - Nationwide Arena - Columbus, OH
6/18/2019 - Fiserv Forum - Milwaukee, WI
6/20/2019 - Bridgestone Arena - Nashville, TN
6/22/2019 - Taxslayer Center - Moline, IL
6/23/2019 - Resch Center - Green Bay, WI
6/25/2019 - Xcel Energy Center - St. Paul, MN
6/26/2019 - Fargodome - Fargo, ND
6/28/2019 - Scotiabank Saddledome - Calgary, Canada
6/30/2019 - Rogers Place - Edmonton, Canada
7/2/2019 - Rogers Arena - Vancouver, Canada
7/3/2019 - Tacoma Dome - Tacoma, WA
7/6/2019 - Mandalay Bay Events Center - Las Vegas, NV
7/7/2019 - Lake Tahoe Outdoor Arena at Harveys - Stateline, NV
8/11/2019 - Hollywood Casino Amphitheatre - Maryland Heights, MO
8/13/2019 - Starlight Theatre - Kansas City, MO
8/14/2019 - Illinois State Fair - Springfield, IL
8/15/2019 - Ravinia Festival - Highland Park, IL
8/17/2019 - Iowa State Fair - Des Moines, IA
8/19/2019 - Brandon Amphitheater - Brandon, MS
8/20/2019 - Amphitheater at the Wharf - Orange Beach, AL
8/22/2019 - Tuscaloosa Amphitheater - Tuscaloosa, AL
8/24/2019 - Daily's Place - Jacksonville, FL
8/26/2019 - Merriweather Post Pavillion - Columbia, MD
8/27/2019 - Constellation Brands – Marvin Sands Performing Arts Center (CMAC) - Canandaigua, NY
8/29/2019 - Bank of New Hampshire Pavilion - Gilford, NH
8/31/2019 - Bethel Woods Center for the Arts - Bethel, NY
9/1/2019 - Canfield Fair – Canfield, OH
GET ‘THE SOUND OF SILENCE' NOW!
iTunes -
Apple Music -
Spotify -
Amazon -
Google Play -
Join our Patreon Fan Page!!
BUY CHRISTMAS IS HERE!
BUY PTX PRESENTS: TOP POP, VOL.
BUY PENTATONIX THE ALBUM
BUY PTX VOL. 4 - CLASSICS EP
BUY PTX VOL III
BUY PTX VOL II
BUY PTX VOL I
BUY A PENTATONIX CHRISTMAS (DELUXE)
BUY THAT'S CHRISTMAS TO ME (DELUXE)
BUY PTXMAS
STREAM CHRISTMAS IS HERE!
STREAM PTX PRESENTS: TOP POP, VOL.
STREAM PENTATONIX THE ALBUM
STREAM PTX VOL. 4 - CLASSICS EP
STREAM PTX VOL III
STREAM PTX VOL II
STREAM PTX VOL I
STREAM A PENTATONIX CHRISTMAS (DELUXE)
STREAM THAT'S CHRISTMAS TO ME (DELUXE)
STREAM PTXMAS
ON MY WAY HOME
THE DOCUMENTARY | AVAILABLE NOW!
ITUNES:
AMAZON:
@ptxofficial
@ptxofficial