Heritage Farmstead Museum Curator Camp
Curator camp at the museum focused on the Plano Fire Department since its the service's 125th anniversary this month.
Heritage Farmstead Museum by Sandra Kent
I filmed the museum during a fall festival where high school students donated their time to share candy with children and dress in period costume. Hillary Kidd, the Curator wanted the community to experience what it was like to attend a carnival a hundred years ago. I think she succeeded. I downloaded this movie for CNN I Report Boot Camp Bringing It All Together, under Ms. Kents
Foster and Willis Review Heritage Farmstead Museum
The Heritage Farmstead Museum is a must see when vacationing in the Dallas area. It's also a must see for all of us living in the area! Tour the well-groomed grounds of the Heritage Farmstead Museum and you'll literally return to the late 19th and early 20th Century.
Sheepherding on the Farmstead
Sheep herding for kids at summer camp at the Heritage Farmstead Museum in Plano.
Plano, Texas TX Interurban Railway Museum 3
About the Interurban Railway Museum
Located in downtown Plano, the Interurban Railway Museum is housed in a building that served as a primary stop on the Texas Electric Railway that ran from Denison to Dallas beginning in 1908. On December 31, 1948, the Denison to Dallas Interurban made its last run.
The station remained closed until early 1990 when a complete restoration of the building was completed and the building was converted into a museum by the city of Plano. The museum exhibit contains many artifacts associated with the Interurban Line, as well as a history of Plano.
Interurban History
If you were fortunate enough to live in Plano between 1908 and 1948, then you most likely had an opportunity to experience the rollicking, clickity-clack sway of riding on a Texas Electric Railway Interurban Car. This second generation of rail transportation extended from Denison to Waco, with connections to Fort Worth, Cleburne, and Denton possible through the hub station in Dallas. Rail transportation powered by steam first arrived in Plano in 1872 and forever changed the agrarian lifestyle of early settlers who had traveled to this area by covered wagon.
While steam engines guaranteed the survival and likelihood of growth to a community and transported farm crops to distant locations, the laborious process of producing enough steam to drive the train forward limited the frequency of stops along a line. In the late 1800s ingenious inventors discovered the wonder of electricity and devised ways to harness this marvel into driving trolley cars previously drawn by mules or horses.
Economic Importance
Entrepreneurs, capitalizing on ways to market this new transportation, developed systems throughout the United States that connected small towns and outlying farms to a large, regional city. Overnight, farming families isolated from society by distance had easy and affordable access to opportunities and amenities available to urban populations.
A contract signed with the United States Post Office in 1914 permitted mail to be carried and delivered to the many towns along the line via the Texas Electric Railway System. Three interurban cars were refitted with bins, sorting tables, mail slots and cancellation stamps enabling two postal employees, in a secured rear compartment, to process mail as the car traveled north and south on its daily schedule.
Connecting Past to Present
The Interurban building in Plano was also an electric sub-station that converted the high voltage alternating current to direct current in order to power the line. This is the only remaining sub-station example on the Interurban line, which served as a primary stop on the Texas Electric Railway, linking Denison and Dallas beginning in 1908. The Interurban's impact on rural life was dramatic as it ended the isolation of distant farm families. Not only did it bring the mail, salesmen, and new products to small towns and their stores, but it gave rural residents a means to explore the bright lights and big city cheaply and safely. Trains ran hourly from 6:00 am to 12:00 pm.
The advent of the automobile contributed to the closing of the Plano station on December 31, 1948, when the Denison to Dallas Interurban made its last run. The building was used in a variety of ways until 1982. It was then closed until 1990, when a complete restoration of the building was completed by the City of Plano. The dedication of this Texas Historical Landmark was held on June 17, 1991 and was opened to the public as a museum.
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Please watch: Tesla Accident-Car Summoned into Semi Trailer--- How It Most Likely Happened! Tesla Autopilot Crash
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Red Roof Inn Plano Virtual Tour
Stay at Red Roof Inn Plano and enjoy all of the awesome amenities that are offered. Log into the free Wi-Fi, grab a cup of complimentary coffee or tea in the lobby and take a dip in the seasonal outdoor swimming pool. In each guest room you can unwind with a flat-screen TV and extended cable package that features all your favorite live sports, shows and movies!
Red Roof Inn Plano is just minutes away from the Balloon Capital of Texas! Visit amazing attractions like the Plano Event Center, the University of Texas at Dallas, the Heritage Farmstead Museum and the Cavanaugh Flight Museum. There's adventure around every corner when you stay with Red Roof!
Want to learn more about Plano? See more here:
Breck Heritage Museums
The Breckenridge Heritage Alliance operates multiple museums focusing on mining, natural history, skiing and people.
Nancy Humphrey || Community Cocktails with Kimberly Episode 18
Ms. Humphrey was elected to serve her third term on the Plano Independent School District Board of Trustees in May 2017. She has served as board president, vice president and secretary throughout her nine years on the board. In 2014-2015, while serving as president, the Board of Trustees was named an Outstanding School Board in Region 10 and one of five finalists in the state.
Ms. Humphrey is a member of the Plano ISD Board’s legislative subcommittee, audit committee and Head Start Policy Council. She serves as the liaison to the City of Richardson and to the Plano ISD Council of PTAs. She and her fellow legislative subcommittee members created Taxparency to create awareness about the need for school finance reform. She is a frequent speaker regarding school finance.
She is a member of the The National School Boards Association and as a member of Texas Association of School Boards (TASB) she serves on its Legislative Advisory Council. She graduated in the Leadership TASB Class 2015.
As an active PTA volunteer and booster volunteer when her children were Plano ISD students, she received a Texas PTA Honorary Life Membership in 2006. In 2012, she received the Texas PTA Extended Service Award.
Ms. Humphrey is the Executive Director for Hendrick Scholarship Foundation, a non-profit that provides Plano ISD students, who graduated through adversity, with college scholarships and support services for success in life.
In her community, Ms. Humphrey has been involved with a number of organizations including Canyon Creek Presbyterian Church, Boy Scout Troop 1776, The Heritage Farmstead Museum and the SPCA. She is the sergeant at arms of the The Plano Rotary Club and is a graduate of Leadership Plano Class 30. She served on the executive Board of the Circle Ten Council, Boy Scouts of America from 2011-2018, and was just presented the Silver Beaver Award by Circle Ten Council. In 2017, she received the Hearts and Heroes Community Service Award from Health Services of North Texas.
She is a graduate of the University of North Texas with bachelor's and master's degrees in accounting and has many years of experience in both public accounting and private industry.
She and her husband of nearly 30 years have two children. Their daughter is a graduate of the IB World School at Plano East Senior High and Vanderbilt University and their son, who graduated from Plano East Senior High School where he was in the marching band and a newspaper editor, is an incoming senior at the University of Missouri School of Journalism.
Nancy Humphrey is a fifth generation Texan, with ancestors who arrived in Collin County in the 1850’s from Tennessee and Virginia.
For more information visit:
#Realtor #RealtorLife #BackToSchool #Scholarship #HendricksScholarship #Foundation #Students #Expert #Education
Cadillac Ranch in Amarillo, Texas On Route 66
Cadillac Ranch in Amarillo. Texas is a place to apply your artistic talents to spray paint cars planted in the Texas Panhandle. I interviewed a person who used his creativity to make jewelry and key chains. He told me the history of the Ranch.
EPIC MOTOR! Beautiful Westinghouse hydrauliic elevators @ Compass Bank -Plano TX
Copyright DoverElevatorFan1. All Rights Reserved.
These were unique to say the least. They have Fujitec door buttons, one has an innovation retrofit, and one has the EPCO. The one with innovation has an absolutely musical motor too! Towards the end we get a 100% nonstop ride of the loud one!
Seattle Washington, Sea Village
Seattle Washington, Sea Village
Seattle, a city on Puget Sound in the Pacific Northwest, is surrounded by water, mountains and evergreen forests, and contains thousands of acres of parkland. Washington State’s largest city, it’s home to a large tech industry, with Microsoft and Amazon headquartered in its metropolitan area. The futuristic Space Needle, a 1962 World’s Fair legacy, is its most iconic landmark.
ECOREGIONS OF TEXAS - The Balcones Escarpment Part 1
The Balcones Escarpment is an interesting geological feature which starts near Del Rio, runs eastward to San Antonio, and then northeastward up the IH 35 corridor all the way to Georgetown. Interstate 35 runs just east of the fault line and follows the length of the Texas Blackland Prairie region. When driving between San Antonio and Dallas on IH 35, you will see (almost exclusively) Blackland Prairie (this excludes IH 35W to Fort Worth because it enters the crosstimbers and grand prairie regions). The prairie is easy to recognize with small hackberry trees which grow along fence lines, rich black soil, fields, and wild sunflowers which grow everywhere. Other towns within the Blackland Prairie are Waco, Temple, Belton, Taylor, Seguin, Lockhart, Plano, Dallas, Frisco, Hillsboro, Corsicana, Rockwall, Marlin, Mexia, and many others. Dallas, Rockwall, and Collin Counties are the only three Texas counties which lie completely within the Texas Blackland Prairies. (Eco-Region 32 according to EPA maps) .
Cities which strattle the Balcones Escarpment are Del Rio, San Antonio, New Braunfels, San Marcos, Austin, Round Rock, and Georgetown.
Towns which lie within the Balcones Canyonlands region are Blanco, Wimberly, Dripping Springs, Spring Branch, Boerne, Kerrville, Comfort, Kendalia, Waring, Sisterdale, Bandera, Medina, Leakey, Utopia, Concan, Bulverde, Grey Forest, Leander, Lakeway, and Bee Cave.
Personally, I believe the most scenic Hill Country drive is Ranch Road 337 between Medina and Leakey, just a short drive NW of San Antonio.
EPA ECOREGIONS:
Level I - Great Plains (9);
Level II - South Central Semiarid Prairies (9.4);
Level III - Texas Blackland Prairies (32) MEETS the Edwards Plateau (30);
Level IV - Northern Blackland Prairie (32a) MEETS the Balcones Canyonlands (30c).
WARREN HULL HOUSE BURIAL PLOT IN BACK Paranormal HOT SPOT 1810 PIONEER
Forever Young / November 2013 / Historical Hull House
Historical Hull House
Lancaster landmark’s restoration is ‘labor of love’
BY CHRISTINE A. SMYCZYNSKI
Hull Family Home & Farmstead in Lancaster.
Hull Family Home & Farmstead in Lancaster.
CHRISTINE A. SMYCZYNSKI
When you step inside the stone house at the Hull Family Home & Farmstead in Lancaster, you can imagine what life was like when Warren and Polly Hull and their 12 children called it home back in the early 1800s. The house, which was built in 1810, is a rare example of early Federal style architecture and is the oldest stone dwelling in Erie County. The house and surrounding grounds are currently undergoing restoration, with the goal of having the site fully restored to its 1810 appearance in the near future.
Warren Hull, a Revolutionary War veteran, his wife Polly, and their children moved to Western New York from Connecticut in 1804. They cleared the land and established a farm on the site, including the house, barn and several outbuildings. While living here the family witnessed the War of 1812, the burning of Buffalo in 1813 and the completion of the Erie Canal in 1825. As adults, most of the Hull children lived and died in the Lancaster area; however, many of the grandchildren were part of the westward movement, settling in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin.
Restoration efforts
What makes this house particularly remarkable is that much of the structure is original as Warren Hull built it, including the woodwork in the flooring, doorways, some of the windows, window seats, stairways, banisters and fireplace mantle. Another unique feature of the house is the original beehive bake oven in the basement kitchen, which is in such good condition that plans are underway to use it for cooking demonstrations sometime in the near future.
In 1992, the house was purchased by the Landmark Society of the Niagara Frontier (which became Preservation Buffalo Niagara) to ensure its preservation. Since it has such significant history, it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993; it is also on the New York State Register of Historic Places. The all-volunteer Hull House Foundation was formed in 2006 to oversee the restoration and operate the site as a living history center.
During a recent event at the site, volunteer Jeanette Dickinson led a tour of the home. She pointed out many of the recent restorations that volunteers have been undertaking, including plastering, repairing and lime-washing the walls, as well as repairing and refinishing the woodwork.
“We’ve also put up walls that had been there originally when the Hulls lived in the home, but then taken down by subsequent owners when the house was modernized,” Dickinson said. She pointed out that they have put in radiant heating under the floors, so that the home could be heated for modern visitors, yet still be period correct in appearance.
“Except for a few specialists, like the stone mason who rebuilt the fireplace and installed the new windows, and the roof restoration that was done by professionals, much of the work has been done by volunteers,” Dickinson noted. “It’s all a labor of love.”
In addition to the restoration of the house, the two-level barn on the property will be reconstructed. Archaeologists and a historic landscape architect are in the process of determining where outbuildings should be rebuilt. The site’s future plans include having a working farm, livestock buildings and an education center with exhibits where visitors can learn more about the past. There are also plans to fully restore the Hull family cemetery, which is located on the property.
Educational programs and special events
“Our summer history camp was a huge success,” Dickinson said. Eighteen kids in grades three through eight spent the week at the Hull Family Home & Farmstead being immersed in 19th century life.
“They did chores, such as building a rail fence and shucking corn, and made crafts like sachets and messenger bags,” she explained. “They had a great time and learned a lot; they were exposed to many different things and they really got into it.”
Some of the other activities they participated in included playing period games and cooking beef stew over an open fire. During the spring, tours are given to school groups, with interpreters staying in character in the year 1820.
The Hull Family Home & Farmstead hosts a number of special events from May to December. Sunday restoration tours are held June through September. The next event planned is the Winter Guided House tour on Dec. 8.
For more information about the home and upcoming events, visit hullfamilyhome.org or call 681-6451. The Hull Family Home & Farmstead is located at 5976 Genesee St. at Pavement Road in Lancaster.
Grand Homes - Breathtaking Homes in the Most Desirable Locations Throughout Dallas/Fort Worth!
Grand Homes, America's Best Builder, is celebrating 30 years building extraordinary homes! Grand Homes is a nationally recognized, award-winning leader in the homebuilding industry. Grand Homes' recognition as America's Best Builder by BUILDER magazine is backed by years of dedication to innovative, award-winning designs, quality craftsmanship and homeowner satisfaction. We build new homes exclusively in the Dallas/Ft. Worth metroplex. Our neighborhoods offer amenities such as hike and bike trails, wooded and creekside homesites and resort style features like swimming pools, fitness centers and sport courts. We offer new homes for the executive with low maintenance, 1-2 acre homesites for large families that want open spaces and gated neighborhoods for the buyer that desires additional privacy.
Platinum Luxury Auctions: Karsten Creek Estate | The Woodlands, TX
RECENTLY OFFERED FOR $1.85 MILLION. NOW SELLING AT OR ABOVE ONLY $1 MILLION! (Selling via High Bidder’s Choice along with the Bayou Club Manor). Located on a cul-de-sac in the prestigious community of Carlton Woods Creekside in The Woodlands, Texas, this suburban estate offers 5 bedrooms and 6 bathrooms, with nearly 5,000 interior sf. Designed with Mediterranean influences, the Property’s grand entrance is enhanced by stone work on the façade, as well as balconies featuring custom, wrought iron railings.
Spacious guest quarters – separated from the main residence by a veranda – can also be used as a game room, home office, or other multi-purpose room. Its full bath also opens to the Property’s courtyard, making it ideal for a cabana bath (should a pool be installed).
In the main residence, wood floors contrast with elegant stonework and coffered ceilings. The gourmet kitchen is spacious, and includes professional grade appliances, ample cabinets and a large island topped in Carrara marble. Bedrooms are generously sized and feature en-suite baths, with the master bath having both an enclosed shower and separate, jetted tub. Family living space is augmented by an additional, upper-level lounge with built-in work/storage cabinets.
Land for Sale in Oklahoma : 4.6 Acre Wooded Homesite with Creek & Utilities near Sardis Lake
Oklahoma | 4.6 Acres | $60,000
View Property Details at:
Call or Text LANDiO anytime at 713-597-7670 for questions or to purchase this property. Please reference the LANDiO Property ID: OK_Latimer_00002
4.62 Acre Wooded Homesite with Road Frontage, Electricity, and 205 feet of Creek frontage on the Northern Boundary from Anderson Creek.
This amazing property is covered throughout with dense mature trees. Many of the trees in the area are Evergreens, for year-round greenery. During the Fall & Winter, there are some Deciduous Trees as well that offer stunning beauty and contrast. See photos for more detail.
Anderson Creek is a running creek that borders the entire Northern boundary of the property. This Creek connects to Sardis Lake, which is a short 9 minute drive from the property.
Sardis Lake is a 14,360 acre lake with 117 miles of Shoreline. Activities at the lake include hiking, camping, fishing, and boating. Fish species include Channel Catfish, Blue Catfish, Native Largemouth Bass, Florida Largemouth, Smallmouth Bass, Threadfin Shad, and Bluegill. In addition to the fishing opportunities, Sardis also offers over 8,000 acres open for hunting Deer, Wild Turkey, Squirrel and Waterfowl. Latimer county is not only known for Big Bucks and long bearded EasternTurkey but is also one of only four counties in Oklahoma that has a Black Bear season.
Electricity is already present, with an Electricity Pole located on the Southwest corner.
Power Company: Kiamichi Electric Co-Op, 944 SW Hwy 2, Wilburton, OK 74578 Phone: 918-465-2338
Satellite Internet is also offered by Kiamichi.
There are also water lines present near the property.
Saddlegap Ranches has covenants in place to protect the beauty and integrity of the area, however, there is no Planning & Zoning in Latimer County. View the covenants on the LANDiO Website.
There is a 1200 square foot minimum for a one-story dwelling, and a minimum of 900 square foot for a one-half story or two story dwelling. A garage may be counted towards the square footage minimum.
This property is intended for Residential use. Temporary dwellings such as travel trailers are permitted on the property during the construction process.
Livestock is not permitted on the property. Common household pets OK
Nearby landowners have constructed cabins, site-built homes, and accessory buildings. See photos for more detail.
This subdivision also sits only about 2 1/2 hours from Northeast side of the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex.
In addition to the close recreation at Sardis Lake, this property also puts you near a multitude of other recreational activities.
Within 45 minutes from the property, there are three different State Parks and four lakes, with much more just beyond an hour away.
While firearm discharge is not permitted in the subdivision, there are many nearby areas available for hunting. In addition to hunting at Sardis Lake, Yourman Public Hunting Area is 28 minutes from the property.
Clayton is the closest town to SaddleGap Ranches, located around 19 minutes away. Clayton has some local restaurants & grocers, as well as a post office and some professional services.
The nearest town with a variety of amenities is Talihina, Oklahoma located 25 minutes away. Choctaw Hospital, Grocery Stores, local shops/restaurants, public schools, and professional services can all be found here.
Parcel Size: 4.62 Acres M/L
LANDiO Property ID Number: OK_Latimer_00002
APN: 0122-00-000-021-0-000-00
Legal Description: LOT 21 SADDLEGAP 4.62A 690/ 359-1
Elevation: 800 feet
Property Taxes: $73 / year
Title: Free & Clear
Conveyance: Warranty Deed
HOA Fee: NONE
Approximate Distance to Nearby Cities & Points of Interest
9 minutes to Sardis Lake
14 minutes to Nanih Waiyah Lake
19 minutes to Clayton, OK : Population 1,000
23 minutes to Clayton Lake State Park
25 minutes to Talihina, OK : Population 1,083
33 minutes to Wilburton, OK : Population 2,642
35 minutes to Talimena State Park
37 minutes Bolen Hollow State Public Hunting Area/Gary Sherrer Wildlife Management Area
39 minutes to Robbers Cave State Park
52 minutes to McAlester, OK : Population 18,044
52 minutes to Wildlife Heritage Museum
1 hour 3 minutes to Lake Wister State Park
1 hour 11 minutes to McGee Creek State Park
1 hour 20 minutes to San Bois Mountains
1 hour 26 minutes to Mowdy Ranch Mustangs
2 hours 7 minutes to Ouachita National Forest
2 hours 25 minutes to Tulsa, Oklahoma : Population 401,800
2 hours 25 minutes to McCurtain County Game Reserve/Wilderness Area
2 hours 33 minutes to Turner Falls
2 hours 49 minutes to Oklahoma City, OK : Population 643,648
3 hours to the Plano / Dallas / Fort Worth area of Texas
Top 10 most conservative cities in the United States. Anaheim is no more.
Top 10 most conservative cities in the United States. Anaheim is no more.
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This is the first of two videos about cities that are known for their political voting records.
Thanks for stopping by The world according to Briggs, I make lists. Not just lists of random stuff, I make them about states, cities, towns and other places in the United States. I post 3 times a week and sometimes live stream. Enjoy.
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World of Warplanes: Dornier 17 Project
Wargaming teamed up with the Royal Air Force (RAF) Museum in England to pull the only recovered Dornier 17 (Do17) bomber out of the ocean. Tune in for more exciting details about this project! wgdornier.com
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2019年4月總會大會
所有教會成員都受邀參加教會第189週年上半年總會大會。
總會會長團、十二使徒定額組成員、教會其他的總會持有權柄人員及總會職員,將在五個場次中發表帶來啟發和指引的信息:
供聖職持有人參加的聖職大會,將在山區日光時間(MDT)4月6日星期六晚間6:00舉行。
供個人和家庭參加的總會大會場次,將在4月6日星期六和4月7日星期天的上午10:00及下午2:00舉行。
Texas | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Texas
00:03:57 1 Etymology
00:05:34 2 Geography
00:08:48 2.1 Geology
00:11:28 2.2 Wildlife
00:12:26 3 Climate
00:14:34 3.1 Storms
00:16:39 3.2 Greenhouse gases
00:17:25 4 History
00:17:34 4.1 Pre-European era
00:22:59 4.2 Colonization
00:29:13 4.3 Republic
00:31:53 4.4 Statehood
00:35:18 4.5 Civil War and Reconstruction (1860–1900)
00:39:15 4.6 Earlier 20th century
00:42:13 4.7 Economic and political change (1950–present)
00:43:10 5 Government and politics
00:43:35 5.1 State government
00:46:52 5.2 Politics
00:47:01 5.2.1 Political history
00:50:28 5.2.2 Texas politics today
00:52:23 5.3 Administrative divisions
00:54:16 5.4 Criminal law
00:54:57 6 Economy
00:56:41 6.1 Taxation
00:58:02 6.2 Agriculture and mining
00:59:31 6.3 Energy
01:02:24 6.4 Technology
01:03:18 6.5 Commerce
01:04:04 7 Demographics
01:06:29 7.1 Ethnicity
01:16:29 7.2 Cities and towns
01:18:31 7.3 Languages
01:20:28 7.4 Religion
01:21:48 8 Culture
01:23:08 8.1 Texas self-perception
01:23:48 8.2 Arts
01:25:57 9 Education
01:28:27 9.1 Higher education
01:32:13 10 Healthcare
01:32:22 10.1 Introduction
01:32:48 10.2 Obesity
01:34:09 10.2.1 Consequences of obesity
01:35:46 10.2.2 Obesity treatment
01:36:34 10.2.3 Obesity prevention
01:37:13 10.2.4 Obesity policy
01:38:10 10.3 Alcohol Use
01:39:03 10.3.1 Alcohol Policy
01:39:33 10.4 Maternal Health
01:40:03 10.5 Infant Health
01:40:57 10.5.1 Rates of infant mortality
01:42:06 10.5.1.1 Preterm birth
01:42:45 10.5.1.2 Low birth weight
01:43:30 10.5.1.3 Prenatal care
01:44:28 10.5.2 Vaccinations
01:45:16 10.5.2.1 Vaccination Policy
01:45:51 10.6 Medical research
01:47:24 10.7 Legislative Responses
01:49:04 11 Transportation
01:50:04 11.1 Highways
01:50:59 11.2 Airports
01:52:48 11.3 Ports
01:53:37 11.4 Railroads
01:55:59 12 Sports
01:59:33 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Texas (, locally ; Spanish: Texas or Tejas [ˈtexas]) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.
Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively. Other major cities include Austin, the second-most populous state capital in the U.S., and El Paso. Texas is nicknamed The Lone Star State to signify its former status as an independent republic, and as a reminder of the state's struggle for independence from Mexico. The Lone Star can be found on the Texas state flag and on the Texan state seal. The origin of Texas's name is from the word taysha, which means friends in the Caddo language.Due to its size and geologic features such as the Balcones Fault, Texas contains diverse landscapes common to both the U.S. Southern and Southwestern regions. Although Texas is popularly associated with the U.S. southwestern deserts, less than 10% of Texas's land area is desert. Most of the population centers are in areas of former prairies, grasslands, forests, and the coastline. Traveling from east to west, one can observe terrain that ranges from coastal swamps and piney woods, to rolling plains and rugged hills, and finally the desert and mountains of the Big Bend.
The term six flags over Texas refers to several nations that have ruled over the territory. Spain was the first European country to claim the area of Texas. France held a short-lived colony. Mexico controlled the territory until 1836 when Texas won its independence, becoming an independent Republic. In 1845, Texas joined the union as the ...