Alexander Suvorov
Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov, Count Suvorov of Rymnik, Prince of Italy, Count of the Holy Roman Empire, national hero of Russia, was the last Generalissimo of the Russian Empire. Nineteenth century sources sometimes refer to him as Suwarrow or Suwarow.
Suvorov is one of the few generals in history who never lost a battle, being undefeated in over 60 large battles while frequently having numerical disadvantage. He was famed for his military manual The Science of Victory and noted for several of his sayings, including What is difficult in training will become easy in a battle, The bullet is a mad thing; only the bayonet knows what it is about, and Perish yourself but rescue your comrade! He taught his soldiers to attack instantly and decisively: Attack with the cold steel! Push hard with the bayonet!. He joked with the men, calling common soldiers brother, and shrewdly presented the results of detailed planning and careful strategy as the work of inspiration.
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Alexander Suvorov | Wikipedia audio article
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Alexander Suvorov
00:03:02 1 Early life and career
00:08:48 2 Battles against the Ottoman Empire
00:11:13 3 Battles against Polish uprising
00:15:08 4 Suvorov's Italian campaign
00:19:28 5 Progeny and titles
00:21:35 6 Assessment
00:25:43 7 Legacy
00:29:28 8 Literary references
00:30:37 9 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров, r Aleksandr Vasil‘evich Suvorov; 24 November [O.S. 13 November] 1729 or 1730 – 18 May [O.S. 6 May] 1800) was a Russian military leader, considered a national hero. He was the Count of Rymnik, Count of the Holy Roman Empire, Prince of Italy, and the last Generalissimo of the Russian Empire.
Suvorov was born in Moscow in 1729. He studied military history as a young boy and joined the Imperial Russian Army at the age of 17. During the Seven Years' War he was promoted to colonel in 1762 for his success on the battlefield. When war broke out with the Bar Confederation in 1768, Suvorov captured Kraków and defeated the Poles at Lanckorona and Stołowicze, bringing about the start of the Partitions of Poland. He was promoted to general and next fought in the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774, winning a decisive victory at the Battle of Kozludzha. Becoming the General of the Infantry in 1786, he commanded in the Russo–Turkish War of 1787–1792 and won crushing victories at the Battle of Rymnik and Siege of Izmail. For his accomplishments, he was made a Count of both the Russian Empire and Holy Roman Empire. Suvorov put down a Polish uprising in 1794, defeating them at the Battle of Maciejowice and storming Warsaw.
While a close associate of Empress Catherine the Great, Suvorov often quarreled with her son and heir apparent Paul. After Catherine died of a stroke in 1796, Paul I was crowned Emperor and dismissed Suvorov for disregarding his orders. However, he was forced to reinstate Suvorov and make him a field marshal at the insistence of the coalition allies for the French Revolutionary Wars. Suvorov was given command of the Austro-Russian army, captured Milan, and drove the French out of Italy at the Battles of Cassano d'Adda, Trebbia, and Novi. Suvorov was made a Prince of Italy for his deeds. Afterwards he became surrounded in the Swiss Alps by the French after a Russian army he was supposed to unite with was routed before he could arrive. Suvorov led the strategic withdrawal of Russian troops while fighting off the four times as large French forces and returned to Russia with minimal casualties, for which he became the fourth Generalissimo of Russia. He died in 1800 of illness in Saint Petersburg.
Suvorov is considered one of the greatest commanders in Russian history. He was awarded numerous medals, titles, and honors by Russia, as well as by other countries. Suvorov secured Russia's expanded borders and renewed military prestige and left a legacy of theories on warfare. He was famed for his military manual The Science of Victory and noted for several of his sayings. Several military academies, monuments, villages, museums, and orders are dedicated to him. He never lost a single major battle he had commanded.