Public Statues in Yekaterinburg, Russia
Город Тобольск
Тобольск – один из старейших городов на территории Урала и Сибири. Тобольск славится своими удивительными архитектурно-историческими памятниками, главный из которых – Тобольский кремль. Благодаря обилию уникальных достопримечательностей, Тобольск - один из крупных туристических центров Урала и Сибири.
Тобольск был основан летом 1587 года близ впадения Тобола в Иртыш. Первый тобольский острог был выстроен из разобранных казачьих стругов. Он стал вторым русским городом в Сибири (годом ранее была основана Тюмень).
Недалеко от основанного Тобольска находилась столица Сибирского ханства – Искер. Именно в этих местах состоялась решающая битва дружины Ермака с татарским войском.Спустя три года после основания – в 1590 году – Тобольск фактически превратился в центр русской колонизации Сибири. Его называли не иначе как столицей Сибири. При этом чуть ли с момента основания Тобольск превращается в «ссыльный» город. Какие только знаменитости не отбывали здесь ссылку. А началось все... с колокола. В 1591 году ударами колокола в Угличе оповестили о гибели царевича Дмитрия. Угличане приняли весть настолько близко к сердцу, что быстро расправились с предполагаемыми на их взгляд убийцами наследника престола. Царь Борис Годунов жестоко наказал как участников самосуда, так и колокол, звон которого предшествовал расправе. Колокол сбросили со Спасской колокольни, вырвали ему язык и принародно «наказали» 12-ю ударами плетей. Вместе с угличанами его отправили в сибирскую ссылку. Целый год угличские каторжане шли до Тобольска и тянули за собой «наказанный» колокол. Многострадальный колокол сначала заперли в приказной избе, а потом смилостивились и повесили на колокольню. Лишь в 1892 году колокол был возвращен в Углич. Его точную копию можно увидеть в одном из залов Тобольского историко-архитектурного музея-заповедника.
Тобольск – родина многих известных людей. Здесь родились Семен Ремезов, химик Д.И. Менделеев, художник В.Г. Перов, композитор А.А. Алябьев, математик Ю.С. Осипов, изобретатель телевидения Б.П. Грабовский, актер А.Г. Абдулов, архитектор Останкинской телебашни и монумента «Родина-Мать» Н.В. Никитин и другие.В Тобольске отбывали ссылку протопоп Аввакум, декабристы И.А. Анненков, Кюхельбекер, Муравьев, Фонвизин, а также писатель Радищев, государственный деятель М.М. Сперанский, первый русский портретист И.Н. Никитин. в Тобольске в ссылке жил Николай II со своей семьей. В Тобольске жил и П.П. Ершов – автор «Конька-Горбунька».
В Тобольске снимался фильм «Золотая баба», а не так давно - фильм Алексея Балабанова «Война». Градообразующее предприятие – Тобольский нефтехимический комбинат. Также в Тобольске серьезно развивают туризм. Рост туристов как из России, так и из-за рубежа с каждым годом растет.
Hero city Volgograd (Stalingrad). / Город-герой Волгоград (Сталинград).
Q&A session, A Conversation with Vladimir Putin: Continued 2011 (English Subtitles)
15 December 2011
Transcript
Russian
English
Yuri Gagarin
Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (Russian: Ю́рий Алексе́евич Гага́рин; IPA: [ˈjʉrʲɪj ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ ɡɐˈɡarʲɪn]; 9 March 1934 – 27 March 1968) was a Russian-Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He was the first human to journey into outer space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on 12 April 1961.
Gagarin became an international celebrity, and was awarded many medals and titles, including Hero of the Soviet Union, the nation's highest honour. Vostok 1 marked his only spaceflight, but he served as backup crew to the Soyuz 1 mission (which ended in a fatal crash). Gagarin later became deputy training director of the Cosmonaut Training Centre outside Moscow, which was later named after him. Gagarin died in 1968 when the MiG-15 training jet he was piloting crashed.
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Falsification of history. Whose fault? Part 1
Kazakhs | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kazakhs
00:01:05 1 Etymology of iKazakh/i
00:02:05 1.1 Kazakh
00:03:56 1.2 Oral history
00:04:29 2 Three Kazakh Zhuz (Hordes)
00:05:27 2.1 History of the Hordes
00:06:16 3 Language
00:08:14 4 Religion
00:11:48 5 Genetic studies
00:13:30 6 Population
00:13:53 7 Kazakh minorities
00:14:15 7.1 Russia
00:14:44 7.2 China
00:15:08 7.3 Mongolia
00:15:31 7.4 Uzbekistan
00:16:02 7.5 Iran
00:16:26 7.6 Afghanistan
00:16:52 7.7 Turkey
00:17:16 8 Culture
00:17:42 9 Music
00:18:04 10 See also
00:18:31 11 Notable Kazakhs
00:18:54 12 References
00:19:23 13 External links
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Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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- improves your listening skills
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- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Kazakhs (also spelled Kazaks, Qazaqs; Kazakh: Қазақ, Qazaq, قازاق /qɑ'zɑq/ , Qazaqtar, Қазақтар, قازاقتار /qɑzɑq'tɑr/ ; the English name is transliterated from Russian) are a Turkic people who mainly inhabit the southern part of Eastern Europe and the Ural mountains and northern parts of Central Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also parts of Uzbekistan, China, Russia and Mongolia), the region also known as the Eurasian sub-continent. Kazakh identity is of medieval origin and was strongly shaped by the foundation of the Kazakh Khanate between 1456 and 1465, when several tribes under the rule of the sultans Zhanibek and Kerey departed from the Khanate of Abu'l-Khayr Khan.
The Kazakhs are descendants of the Turkic and medieval Mongol tribes – Argyns, Dughlats, Naimans, Jalairs, Keraits, Khazars, Qarluqs; and of the Kipchaks and Cumans, and other tribes such as the Huns and Nogais, and ancient Iranian nomads like the Sarmatians, Saka and Scythians who populated the territory between Siberia and the Black Sea before the 5th and 13th centuries AD.
Yuri Gagarin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:19 1 Early life and education
00:03:49 2 Soviet Air Force
00:04:44 3 Soviet space program
00:04:54 3.1 Selection and training
00:08:14 3.2 Vostok 1
00:11:42 4 After the Soviet space program
00:15:40 5 Death
00:16:14 5.1 Cause of jet crash
00:21:01 6 Personal life
00:22:02 7 Legacy and tributes
00:22:12 7.1 Legacy
00:23:33 7.2 Tributes
00:28:13 7.2.1 Statues
00:30:36 7.2.2 50th anniversary
00:31:44 7.3 Honours and awards
00:37:24 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7900099662709728
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (Russian: Ю́рий Алексе́евич Гага́рин, IPA: [ˈjʉrʲɪj ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ ɡɐˈɡarʲɪn]; 9 March 1934 – 27 March 1968) was a Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He became the first human to journey into outer space when his Vostok spacecraft completed one orbit of the Earth on 12 April 1961.
Gagarin became an international celebrity and was awarded many medals and titles, including Hero of the Soviet Union, his nation's highest honour. Vostok 1 was his only spaceflight, but he served as the backup crew to the Soyuz 1 mission, which ended in a fatal crash. Gagarin later served as the deputy training director of the Cosmonaut Training Centre outside Moscow, which was subsequently named after him. Gagarin died in 1968 when the MiG-15 training jet he was piloting crashed. The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale awards the Yuri A. Gagarin Gold Medal in his honour.