The beautiful city of Krasnodar Russia
Visiting my wife's hometown of Krasnodar to see all of the beauty this fast growing city beholds from Monuments to Catherine the great, brand new beautiful park to military memorial park red street and so much more. PLEASE SUPPORT MY CHANNEL
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EXCLUSIVE: Why Was Dagestani PM Arrested? Corruption and Graft in Republic Exposed
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This week, FSB special ops unit arrested the Prime Minister two Vice-Prime-Ministers the Minister of Education, and the mayor of the capital of Dagestan. Does it mean anything to the other regions? Well, it obviously does.
Фонд «Внимание» объявляет войну варварам
Фонду «Внимание» в октябре определенно есть, чем похвастаться!
Мы завершили два больших проекта: дом на Московской улице в Кимрах и деревянный дом в центре Иркутска. Кроме того, в работе уже находятся больше десятка исторических зданий: купеческий дом в Бузулуке, дом Aseman Talo, дом с резными воротами в Тюмени, дом Алаева в Вологде... А ещё девять объектов ожидают вашей поддержки.
Про все наши объекты по порядку — в ролике.
Помочь фонду «Внимание»:
Фонд «Внимание» в социальных сетях:
Предыдущие отчёты:
Найти, спасти и сохранить: фонд «Внимание» продолжает работу
Внимание! Лето закончилось, работа продолжается
Год фонду «Внимание»: как мы сохраняем историческое наследие
От домов до дверей: проекты фонда «Внимание»
Для тех, кто хочет помочь с субтитрами или переводом этого ролика:
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Предложения по поводу коллабораций, развития канала и сотрудничеству (кроме рекламы): mayavolf@varlamov.ru
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Трек-лист:
By The Croft - Joakim Karud
Adolfo - Empty glass
Blue Wednesday - 90s Kid
Clouds - Joakim Karud
Birocratic - Tonys Belated Breakfast
Life Is - Cosimo Fogg 201
Blue Wednesday - Suede
Funk Your Style - TONEZPRO
Top Minds From All Russia Meet at Russian Silicon Valley in Skolkovo to Discuss New Gen Tech!
Subscribe to Vesti News
The first meeting of the council of world-class scientific and educational centers was held today in Skolkovo. Five pilot projects created within the framework of the science national project were presented. They are developed in Perm Krai, and the Tyumen, Nizhny Novgorod, Kemerovo, and Belgorod oblasts.
Excursions in Kazan
Excursions in Kazan
kosmostrip.net
-Illuminated Kazan (excursion around the night city)
Kaban Lake, Square of Vocal Fountains, 1000-Anniversary Park, Bulak River, Tugan Avylym complex (Native Village), Kazan Arbat, Peterburgskaya Street, Square of Freedom, Kazan National Cultural Center, Fuks Park, Kyrlay Park, Millenium Bridge, Millenium Park.
-Architectural Kazan
The City Sightseeing coach tour.
Visit galleries of your choice: National Art Gallery, Museum of B. Urmanche, Picture Gallery of Konstantin Vasilyev, Museum of Fine Arts.
-Musical Kazan
To know about musical culture of Russian and Tatar people in the Republic of Tatarstan. Visit the museums of your choice: Museum of V. Kachalov, Museum of F. Chaliapin. Visit a concert is for extra pay.
- Student Kazan – Universities of Kazan
A walking tour around the universities of Kazan and a visit one of the universities: Kazan State Technical University, Kazan University of Chemical Technology, Kazan Finance and Economics Institute, Kazan State University.
Visit the museums of your choice: Museum of Kazan State University history, Museum of Kazan chemical school history, astronomical observatory of KSU, Geologic Museum.
-Theatrical Kazan
Telling about origin of Russian and Tatar theaters in Kazan, dramatic art, and talanted performers.
Visit the museums of your choice: Museum of V. Kachalov, Museum of Tatar Drama Theater n. a. G. Kamal. Museum of S. Saydashev, Museum of F. Chaliapin.
Visit a play is for extra cost.
-Literature Kazan
You will hear an exciting story about writers who lived, studied, and worked in Kazan. You will visit monuments connected with their names and museums of you choice: Musa Jalil, Maxim Gorkiy, Evgeniy Boratynskiy, Gabdulla Tukay, Kayum Nasyiri, Sharif Kamal.
Visit a theater or Conservatory is for extra cost.
-Artistic Kazan
City sightseeing tour. Visit a gallery of your choice: National Art Gallery, Museum of B. Urmanche, Picture Gallery of Konstantin Vasilyev, Museum of Fine Arts, Excibit Hall of Union of Artists.
-Kazan in lives of great people
Telling about lives of great and well-known people who lived in Kazan: Gabdulla Tukay, Musa Jalil, Vladimir Lenin, Lev Tolstoy, Lobachevsky, Simonov, Nuzhin, Maxim Gorkiy, Baki Urmanche, Evgeniy Boratynskiy, Kayum Nasyiri, A. Arbuzov, Salih Saydashev, and many others. Visit a museum of your choice.
-Kazan during war
Telling about Kazan during war. Visiting Victory Park in which there is an eternal light and excibit items of war pieces of the Great Patriotic War, Memorial to soldiers who fell in the GPW, Square of Freedom (one of the most beautiful squares of Kazan). Visit a museum of your choice: Kazan powder factory, Museum of the Great Patriotic War in Kremlin, Museum of Internal Affairs of Tatarstan, Museum of a poet and front-line soldier M. Jalil.
-Sports Kazan
Российская Империя: Александр II, часть 1. [11/16] [Eng Sub]
Российская Империя. Александр II. Часть первая.
* Воспитание будущего императора.
* Окончание Кавказской войны.
* Отмена крепостного права и другие реформы.
* Подробности продажи Аляски.
* История создания журнала «Современник».
* Присоединение Средней Азии.
* Русский ситец как высшее достижение отечественной лёгкой промышленности.
* Василий Верещагин — художник протеста.
Q&A session, A Conversation with Vladimir Putin: Continued 2011 (English Subtitles)
15 December 2011
Transcript
Russian
English
The Knowledge Exchange - Two Weeks in Russia
The Knowledge Exchange
“Two Weeks in Russia”
Presented by:
Dr. Steven Oluic, PhD, U.S. Army (ret.)
Dean, Arts & Sciences Division at Lakeland Community College
Earlier this year, Dr. Oluic spent two weeks in Russia as part of a Fulbright grant and toured several educational institutions. Join us and learn about his experience, impressions, and what Russia is like today. It may be contrary to the current narrative out there and includes numerous photos of his travels.
Putin Meets with Young Russian Artists at Crimean Forum
Putin Meets with Young Russian Artists at Crimean Forum
President Vladimir Putin met with creative youth - participants of the Tavrida National Youth Educational Forum, during his trip to Crimea.
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Памятник
Режиссер - Алексей Житковский
Хронометраж - 46 минут
Год - 2016
Страна производства - РФ
г.Нижневартовск ХМАО-ЮГРА Общество Истоки памяти,
Аннотация: В городе Нижневартовске в течение 11 лет общество по защите прав репрессированных пытается добиться установки памятника «Жертвам политических репрессий». Актуальность этого памятника – спорный вопрос для горожан. Администрация оттягивает решение о строительстве. в городе появляются люди открыто возмущающиеся установке мемориала. Фильм рассказывает о судьбах людей, для которых памятник становится делом жизни.
Prince Korean leader Kim - Leonid Mlechin
Prince Korean leader Kim - Leonid Mlechin
Russian Angel Otrok Viacheslav The Prophecies 1 - (Eng Subtitles)
Sad times for Russia were predicted if she does not repent, especially of the highest crime against Gods anointed ruler the Tsar, Slavik of Chebarkul. Vyacheslav Krasheninnikov (March 22, 1982 – March 17, 1993) – a boy who died at the age of 10, a miracle worker, healer and prophet, who continues to work wonders and miracles from his grave after death. Slavik of Chebarkul (Vyacheslav Krasheninnikov) died in 1993, but the memory of him is alive. Hundreds and thousands come to venerate him at his grave of all race, religions and nations. The boy’s prophecies have become a revival in all Christian and especially Russian eschatology.
Saint Petersburg | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Saint Petersburg
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, tr. Sankt-Peterburg, IPA: [ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk] (listen)) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015). An important Russian port on the Baltic Sea, it has a status of a federal subject (a federal city).
Situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, it was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 27 May [O.S. 16 May] 1703. On 1 September 1914, the name was changed from Saint Petersburg to Petrograd (Russian: Петрогра́д, IPA: [pʲɪtrɐˈgrat]), on 26 January 1924 to Leningrad (Russian: Ленингра́д, IPA: [lʲɪnʲɪnˈgrat]), and on 1 October 1991 back to Saint Petersburg. During the periods 1713–1728 and 1732–1918, Saint Petersburg was the capital of Imperial Russia. In 1918, the central government bodies moved to Moscow, which is about 625 km (388 miles) to the south-east.
Saint Petersburg is one of the most modern cities of Russia, as well as its cultural capital. The Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments constitute a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Saint Petersburg is home to the Hermitage, one of the largest art museums in the world.
Many foreign consulates, international corporations, banks and businesses have offices in Saint Petersburg.
Vladimir Lenin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Vladimir Lenin
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (22 April 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known by the alias Lenin, was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924. Under his administration, Russia and then the wider Soviet Union became a one-party communist state governed by the Russian Communist Party. Ideologically a Marxist, he developed political theories known as Leninism.
Born to a wealthy middle-class family in Simbirsk, Lenin embraced revolutionary socialist politics following his brother's 1887 execution. Expelled from Kazan Imperial University for participating in protests against the Russian Empire's Tsarist government, he devoted the following years to a law degree. He moved to Saint Petersburg in 1893 and became a senior Marxist activist. In 1897, he was arrested for sedition and exiled to Shushenskoye for three years, where he married Nadezhda Krupskaya. After his exile, he moved to Western Europe, where he became a prominent theorist in the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). In 1903, he took a key role in a RSDLP ideological split, leading the Bolshevik faction against Julius Martov's Mensheviks. Encouraging insurrection during Russia's failed Revolution of 1905, he later campaigned for the First World War to be transformed into a Europe-wide proletarian revolution, which as a Marxist he believed would cause the overthrow of capitalism and its replacement with socialism. After the 1917 February Revolution ousted the Tsar and established a Provisional Government, he returned to Russia to play a leading role in the October Revolution, in which the Bolsheviks overthrew the new regime.
Lenin's Bolshevik government initially shared power with the Left Socialist Revolutionaries, elected soviets, and a multi-party Constituent Assembly, although by 1918 it had centralised power in the new Communist Party. Lenin's administration redistributed land among the peasantry and nationalised banks and large-scale industry. It withdrew from the First World War by signing a treaty with the Central Powers and promoted world revolution through the Communist International. Opponents were suppressed in the Red Terror, a violent campaign administered by the state security services; tens of thousands were killed or interned in concentration camps. His administration defeated right and left-wing anti-Bolshevik armies in the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1922 and oversaw the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921. Responding to wartime devastation, famine, and popular uprisings, in 1921 Lenin encouraged economic growth through the market-oriented New Economic Policy. Several non-Russian nations secured independence after 1917, but three re-united with Russia through the formation of the Soviet Union in 1922. In increasingly poor health, Lenin died at his dacha in Gorki, with Joseph Stalin succeeding him as the pre-eminent figure in the Soviet government.
Widely considered one of the most significant and influential figures of the 20th century, Lenin was the posthumous subject of a pervasive personality cult within the Soviet Union until its dissolution in 1991. He became an ideological figurehead behind Marxism–Leninism and thus a prominent influence over the international communist movement. A controversial and highly divisive individual, Lenin is viewed by supporters as a champion of socialism and the working class, while critics on both the left and right emphasize his role as founder and leader of an authoritarian regime responsible for political repression and mass killings.
Yuri Gagarin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:19 1 Early life and education
00:03:49 2 Soviet Air Force
00:04:44 3 Soviet space program
00:04:54 3.1 Selection and training
00:08:14 3.2 Vostok 1
00:11:42 4 After the Soviet space program
00:15:40 5 Death
00:16:14 5.1 Cause of jet crash
00:21:01 6 Personal life
00:22:02 7 Legacy and tributes
00:22:12 7.1 Legacy
00:23:33 7.2 Tributes
00:28:13 7.2.1 Statues
00:30:36 7.2.2 50th anniversary
00:31:44 7.3 Honours and awards
00:37:24 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7900099662709728
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (Russian: Ю́рий Алексе́евич Гага́рин, IPA: [ˈjʉrʲɪj ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ ɡɐˈɡarʲɪn]; 9 March 1934 – 27 March 1968) was a Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He became the first human to journey into outer space when his Vostok spacecraft completed one orbit of the Earth on 12 April 1961.
Gagarin became an international celebrity and was awarded many medals and titles, including Hero of the Soviet Union, his nation's highest honour. Vostok 1 was his only spaceflight, but he served as the backup crew to the Soyuz 1 mission, which ended in a fatal crash. Gagarin later served as the deputy training director of the Cosmonaut Training Centre outside Moscow, which was subsequently named after him. Gagarin died in 1968 when the MiG-15 training jet he was piloting crashed. The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale awards the Yuri A. Gagarin Gold Medal in his honour.
St. Petersburg | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:30 1 Name
00:03:33 2 History
00:03:43 2.1 Imperial era (1703–1917)
00:12:53 2.2 Revolution and Soviet era (1917–1941)
00:16:51 2.3 World War II (1941–1945)
00:18:42 2.4 Post-war Soviet era (1945–1991)
00:21:29 2.5 Contemporary era (1991–present)
00:25:32 3 Geography
00:29:05 3.1 Climate
00:31:12 3.2 Toponymy
00:35:43 4 Demographics
00:39:59 4.1 Religion
00:40:17 5 Government
00:43:07 6 Economy
00:49:37 7 Cityscape
00:58:06 8 Tourism
01:02:05 9 Dramatic Theatre
01:02:30 10 Media and communications
01:03:04 11 Culture
01:03:13 11.1 Museums
01:05:30 11.2 Music
01:11:14 11.3 Film
01:13:19 11.4 Literature
01:15:54 12 Education
01:16:56 13 Sports
01:20:57 13.1 2018 FIFA World Cup
01:21:30 14 Infrastructure
01:21:39 14.1 Transportation
01:22:37 14.1.1 Roads and public transport
01:25:12 14.2 Saint Petersburg public transportation statistics
01:26:06 14.2.1 Waterways
01:27:15 14.2.2 Rail
01:29:32 14.2.3 Air
01:31:02 14.3 Parks
01:33:13 15 Famous people
01:33:51 16 Crime
01:37:12 17 Twin towns and sister cities
01:37:44 18 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8733509262978975
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, tr. Sankt-Peterburg, IPA: [ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk] (listen)) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015). An important Russian port on the Baltic Sea, it has a status of a federal subject (a federal city).
Situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, it was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 27 May [O.S. 16 May] 1703. During the periods 1713–1728 and 1732–1918, Saint Petersburg was the capital of Imperial Russia. In 1918, the central government bodies moved to Moscow, which is about 625 km (388 miles) to the south-east.
Saint Petersburg is often considered Russia's cultural capital. The Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments constitute a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Saint Petersburg is home to the Hermitage, one of the largest art museums in the world. Many foreign consulates, international corporations, banks and businesses have offices in Saint Petersburg.
Kazakhs | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kazakhs
00:01:05 1 Etymology of iKazakh/i
00:02:05 1.1 Kazakh
00:03:56 1.2 Oral history
00:04:29 2 Three Kazakh Zhuz (Hordes)
00:05:27 2.1 History of the Hordes
00:06:16 3 Language
00:08:14 4 Religion
00:11:48 5 Genetic studies
00:13:30 6 Population
00:13:53 7 Kazakh minorities
00:14:15 7.1 Russia
00:14:44 7.2 China
00:15:08 7.3 Mongolia
00:15:31 7.4 Uzbekistan
00:16:02 7.5 Iran
00:16:26 7.6 Afghanistan
00:16:52 7.7 Turkey
00:17:16 8 Culture
00:17:42 9 Music
00:18:04 10 See also
00:18:31 11 Notable Kazakhs
00:18:54 12 References
00:19:23 13 External links
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Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Kazakhs (also spelled Kazaks, Qazaqs; Kazakh: Қазақ, Qazaq, قازاق /qɑ'zɑq/ , Qazaqtar, Қазақтар, قازاقتار /qɑzɑq'tɑr/ ; the English name is transliterated from Russian) are a Turkic people who mainly inhabit the southern part of Eastern Europe and the Ural mountains and northern parts of Central Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also parts of Uzbekistan, China, Russia and Mongolia), the region also known as the Eurasian sub-continent. Kazakh identity is of medieval origin and was strongly shaped by the foundation of the Kazakh Khanate between 1456 and 1465, when several tribes under the rule of the sultans Zhanibek and Kerey departed from the Khanate of Abu'l-Khayr Khan.
The Kazakhs are descendants of the Turkic and medieval Mongol tribes – Argyns, Dughlats, Naimans, Jalairs, Keraits, Khazars, Qarluqs; and of the Kipchaks and Cumans, and other tribes such as the Huns and Nogais, and ancient Iranian nomads like the Sarmatians, Saka and Scythians who populated the territory between Siberia and the Black Sea before the 5th and 13th centuries AD.
Timur | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Timur
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Timur (Persian: تیمور Temūr, Chagatai: Temür; 9 April 1336 – 18 February 1405), historically known as Amir Timur and Tamerlane (Persian: تيمور لنگ Temūr(-i) Lang, Timur the Lame), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror. As the founder of the Timurid Empire in Persia and Central Asia, he became the first ruler in the Timurid dynasty. According to John Joseph Saunders, Timur was the product of an islamized and iranized society, and not steppe nomadic.Born into the Barlas confederation in Transoxiana (in modern-day Uzbekistan) on 9 April 1336, Timur gained control of the western Chagatai Khanate by 1370. From that base, he led military campaigns across Western, South and Central Asia, the Caucasus and southern Russia, and emerged as the most powerful ruler in the Muslim world after defeating the Mamluks of Egypt and Syria, the emerging Ottoman Empire, and the declining Delhi Sultanate. From these conquests, he founded the Timurid Empire, but this empire fragmented shortly after his death.
Timur was the last of the great nomadic conquerors of the Eurasian Steppe, and his empire set the stage for the rise of the more structured and lasting Gunpowder Empires in the 16th and 17th centuries. Timur envisioned the restoration of the Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan (died 1227). According to Beatrice Forbes Manz, in his formal correspondence Temur continued throughout his life to portray himself as the restorer of Chinggisid rights. He justified his Iranian, Mamluk, and Ottoman campaigns as a re-imposition of legitimate Mongol control over lands taken by usurpers. To legitimize his conquests, Timur relied on Islamic symbols and language, referred to himself as the Sword of Islam, and patronized educational and religious institutions. He converted nearly all the Borjigin leaders to Islam during his lifetime. Timur decisively defeated the Christian Knights Hospitaller at the Siege of Smyrna, styling himself a ghazi. By the end of his reign, Timur had gained complete control over all the remnants of the Chagatai Khanate, the Ilkhanate, and the Golden Horde, and even attempted to restore the Yuan dynasty in China.
Timur's armies were inclusively multi-ethnic and were feared throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe, sizable parts of which his campaigns laid to waste. Scholars estimate that his military campaigns caused the deaths of 17 million people, amounting to about 5% of the world population at the time.He was the grandfather of the Timurid sultan, astronomer and mathematician Ulugh Beg, who ruled Central Asia from 1411 to 1449, and the great-great-great-grandfather of Babur (1483–1530), founder of the Mughal Empire, which ruled parts of South Asia for over three centuries, from 1526 until 1857. Timur is considered as a great patron of art and architecture, as he interacted with intellectuals such as Ibn Khaldun and Hafiz-i Abru.