Kazan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:20 1 Etymology
00:02:24 2 History
00:02:33 2.1 Middle Ages
00:05:12 2.2 Russian Tsardom period
00:06:23 2.3 Russian Empire period
00:08:12 2.4 Soviet period
00:09:16 2.5 Modern period
00:09:54 2.5.1 Millennium of Kazan
00:11:03 3 Heraldry
00:12:35 4 Administrative and municipal status
00:13:04 4.1 City divisions
00:13:16 5 Economy
00:14:03 5.1 Investments
00:15:43 6 Transportation
00:15:52 6.1 Cycling
00:16:36 6.2 Public transit
00:17:03 6.2.1 Bus
00:17:42 6.2.2 Tram
00:18:10 6.2.3 Trolleybus
00:18:42 6.2.4 Metro
00:19:07 6.3 Railways
00:19:48 6.4 Waterways
00:20:05 6.5 Highways
00:20:41 6.6 Intercity buses
00:21:11 6.7 Kazan International Airport
00:22:20 7 Demographics
00:22:29 7.1 Population
00:22:57 7.2 Ethnicity
00:23:20 7.3 Religion
00:23:38 7.4 Languages
00:23:55 8 Geography
00:24:04 8.1 Climate
00:24:54 9 Central Kazan
00:25:02 9.1 Kremlin
00:26:06 9.1.1 Towers
00:28:49 9.2 Bistä, or Posad
00:29:47 9.3 Wooden Kazan
00:30:28 9.4 Other major buildings
00:31:28 10 Cityscape
00:31:37 11 Education and science
00:31:46 11.1 Primary and secondary education
00:32:23 11.2 Higher education
00:33:43 11.3 Science
00:34:48 11.4 Public health
00:35:32 12 Government and administration
00:35:41 12.1 Mayor
00:35:49 12.2 City Duma
00:36:05 12.3 Executive committee
00:36:20 12.4 Government of the Republic of Tatarstan
00:36:39 13 Communication
00:38:31 14 Sports
00:39:15 14.1 Notable athletes
00:39:54 14.2 Infrastructure
00:40:43 14.3 Important events
00:41:41 15 International relations
00:42:41 15.1 Branch offices of embassies
00:42:53 15.2 Consulates
00:43:05 15.3 Visa centers
00:43:34 15.4 Twin towns and sister cities
00:43:49 15.5 International organizations membership
00:43:59 15.6 Other organizations
00:44:07 16 Notable people
00:44:40 17 See also
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SUMMARY
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Kazan (; Russian: Каза́нь, IPA: [kɐˈzanʲ]; Tatar: Казан) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. With a population of 1,243,500, it is the sixth most populous city in Russia.
Kazan lies at the confluence of the Volga and Kazanka Rivers in European Russia, about 715 kilometres (444 mi) east from Moscow. In the Late Middle Ages, Kazan was an important trade and political center within the Golden Horde. In 1438, the city became the capital of the Khanate of Kazan. In 1552, Kazan was captured by Ivan the Terrible and became part of Russia. The city was largely destroyed during Pugachev's Rebellion, but was later rebuilt during the reign of Catherine the Great. In the following centuries, Kazan grew to become a major industrial, cultural and religious center in Russia.
Kazan is renowned for its vibrant mix of Oriental and Russian cultures. In 2015, 2.1 million tourists visited Kazan, and 1.5 million tourists visited the Kazan Kremlin, a World Heritage Site. In April 2009, the Russian Patent Office granted Kazan the right to brand itself as the Third Capital of Russia. In 2009 it was chosen as the sports capital of Russia and it still is referred to as such.