Антоха. Путешествие из Магадана в Европу / Journey from Magadan to Europe (English subs)
Забронировать новую Hyundai SONATA можно тут:
Всем привет!
Мы в Португалии, на мысе Рока, самой западной точке континентальной Европы.
Уже неделю мы находимся в пути и снимаем новый сложносочиненный выпуск.
Один из самых грустных фактов про Россию звучит так: больше 50 процентов населения нашей страны никогда не были за границей.
Понятно, что основная причина – в том, что люди за пределами Москвы и еще пары городов живут очень скромно.
Но параллельно с этим уже много лет нам рассказывают, как же за пределами России плохо. Эмигранты, гей-парады, бездуховность – ну вы сами все знаете.
Наша позиция: путешествия – это неотъемлемая часть процветания и прогресса. Если ты видишь, как устроен чужой мир, тебе гораздо проще обустраивать мир собственный. Ну а если где-то действительно плохо, лучше узнавать об этом самому, а не по пламенным речам людей из телевизора.
Поэтому мы придумали следующее:
1. Выбрали очень классный и – важное – НЕпопсовый маршрут по Европе.
2. Взяли с собой человека, который не так искушен путешествиями, как мы.
Те, кто смотрел наш выпуск про Колыму, наверняка помнят Антоху – нашего водителя, очень яркого парня, который появился всего на пару минут, но покорил абсолютно всех. Антохе 33 года и он никогда не был за пределами стран бывшего Советского Союза.
Мы проехали почти 1500 километров от Страны Басков до Лиссабона – таким образом, чтобы Антоха, житель самого востока Евразии, оказался в самой западной ее точке.
У выпуска, который вы увидите, две задачи:
1. Интересно провести время
2. Показать, что мир – большой и классный. И гораздо лучше быть частью это мира, а не настороженно смотреть на него из-за забора.
Вперед!
канал Саши Вишневского
футболки «Мои кореша» от Дудя
Activists comment on trial, defendants in court
SHOTLIST
1. Mid shot car driving through police cordon
2. Police marching past camera
3. People waiting at entrance to Supreme Court
4. Mid shot people at court entrance
5. Wide shot courtroom
6. Wide shot 15 defendants in metal cage
7. Mid shot defendants
8. Mid shot judges and lawyers
9. Wide shot relatives
10. Close-up relative
11. Wide shot of accused in courtroom cage
12. Close-up defendants
13. Back shot courtroom
14. Setup shot Surat Ikamov
15. SOUNDBITE: (Russian) Surat Ikamov, Chairman of the Initiative Group of Independent Human Rights Defenders of Uzbekistan:
Everything that happened in Andijan, the government wants in some way to justify it. That is, to show that there are certain terrorists who incited or started these events.
16. Cutaway hands
17. SOUNDBITE: (Russian) Surat Ikamov, Chairman of the Initiative Group of Independent Human Rights Defenders of Uzbekistan:
The majority of them are government lawyers, despite the fact that we made several attempts to get them independent defence lawyers. But unfortunately their close relatives openly told us that they (the government) have not given them that possibility. That is, that they threatened them that if they take on non-government lawyers it would just be worse for them and their families.
18. Wide shot Ikamov talking to colleague
STORYLINE
Prosecutors opened a trial on Tuesday against the first group of suspects charged with taking part in an uprising in eastern Uzbekistan that ended in a bloodbath, alleging they were linked with an Islamic extremist conspiracy to overthrow the government.
Fifteen men, most in their 20s and 30s, sat impassively in a metal defendants' cage in the courtroom as a succession of blue-uniformed prosecutors read the state's arguments. All 15 stood, one by one, to confirm a guilty plea.
The prosecutors alleged that participants in the May 13 revolt in the eastern city of Andijan had planned to overthrow the government and create an
Islamic state, or caliphate, first in the restive Fergana Valley region where Andijan is located and then throughout Uzbekistan.
They alleged they had been trained in neighbouring Kyrgyzstan and received funding from abroad - including from supporters in the Russian cities of Omsk and Ivanovo.
The prosecutors pinned the blame on the so-called Akramia group of businessmen, named after a jailed Islamic dissident whom the Uzbek government accuses of inspiring the religious extremism allegedly behind the uprising.
The defendants are accused of ties with the conspiracy, particularly with the Akramia businessmen, who the prosecutors alleged were linked with the outlawed extremist groups Hizb-ut-Tahrir, the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan and the Islamic Movement of Turkestan.
Speaking on Tuesday as the trial opened, Surat Ikamov, chairman of the Initiative Group of Independent Human Rights Defenders of Uzbekistan, said the government was trying to justify the events that transpired in Andijan.
The human rights activist also said that the defendants had been forced to use government lawyers to present their cases in court, despite the fact that we made several attempts to get them independent defence lawyers.
Unfortunately their close relatives openly told us that they (the government) have not given them that possibility. That is, that they threatened them that if they take on non-government lawyers it would just be worse for them and their families, Ikamov said.
The specific charges vary between defendants, ranging from murder to rioting to belonging to illegal groups.
The government of Karimov, who has ruled for 16 years and tolerates no dissent, has put the death toll at 187.
the past few years through flawed trials.
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Slavic Native Faith | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Slavic Native Faith
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Slavic Native Faith, also known as Rodnovery, is a modern Pagan religion. Classified as a new religious movement, its practitioners harken back to the historical belief systems of the Slavic peoples of Central and Eastern Europe. Rodnovery is a widely accepted self-descriptor within the community, although there are Rodnover organisations which further characterise the religion as Orthodoxy, Old Belief and Vedism.
Rodnovers typically regard their religion as a faithful continuation of ancient beliefs that survived as folk religion or as conscious double belief following the Christianisation of the Slavs in the Middle Ages. Rodnovery draws upon surviving historical and archaeological sources, folk religion and even non-Slavic sources such as Hinduism. Rodnover theology and cosmology may be described as pantheism and polytheism—worship of the supreme God of the universe and of the multiple gods, ancestors and spirits of nature identified through Slavic culture. Adherents usually meet together in groups to conduct religious ceremonies. These typically entail the invocation of gods, sacrifices and the pouring of libations, dances and a communal meal.
Rodnover ethical thinking emphasises the good of the collective over the rights of the individual. The religion is patriarchal, and attitudes towards sex and gender are generally conservative. Rodnovery has developed distinctive strains of political and identitary philosophy. Rodnover organisations often characterise themselves as ethnic religions, emphasising that the religion is bound to Slavic ethnicity. This often manifests as ethnic nationalism, opposition to miscegenation and the belief in the fundamental difference of racial groups. Rodnovers often glorify Slavic history, criticising the impact of Christianity in Slavic countries and arguing that these nations will play a central place in the world's future. Rodnovers share a strong feeling that their religion represents a paradigmatic shift which will overcome Western thought and what they call mono-ideologies.
The contemporary organised Rodnovery movement arose from a multiplicity of sources and charismatic leaders just at the brink of the collapse of the Soviet Union and spread rapidly by the mid-1990s and the 2000s. Antecedents are to be found in late 18th- and 19th-century Slavic Romanticism, which glorified the pre-Christian beliefs of Slavic societies. Active religious practitioners devoted to establishing Slavic Native Faith appeared in Poland and Ukraine in the 1930s and 1940s. Following the Second World War and the establishment of communist states throughout the Eastern Bloc, new variants were established by Slavic emigrants living in Western countries, being later introduced in Central and Eastern European countries after the collapse of the Soviet Union. In recent times, the movement has been increasingly studied in academic scholarship.
USSR anti-religious campaign (1928–1941) | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
USSR anti-religious campaign (1928–1941)
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The USSR anti-religious campaign of 1928–1941 was a new phase of anti-religious persecution in the Soviet Union following the anti-religious campaign of 1921–1928. The campaign began in 1929, with the drafting of new legislation that severely prohibited religious activities and called for a heightened attack on religion in order to further disseminate atheism. This had been preceded in 1928 at the fifteenth party congress, where Joseph Stalin criticized the party for failure to produce more active and persuasive anti-religious propaganda. This new phase coincided with the beginning of the forced mass collectivization of agriculture and the nationalization of the few remaining private enterprises.
Many of those who had been arrested in the 1920s would continue to remain in prison throughout the 1930s and beyond.
The main target of the anti-religious campaign in the 1920s and 1930s was the Russian Orthodox Church, which had the largest number of faithful. Nearly all of its clergy, and many of its believers, were shot or sent to labour camps. Theological schools were closed, and church publications were prohibited. More than 85,000 Orthodox priests were shot in 1937 alone. Only a twelfth of the Russian Orthodox Church's priests were left functioning in their parishes by 1941.In the period between 1927 and 1940, the number of Orthodox Churches in the Russian Republic fell from 29,584 to less than 500.The campaign slowed down in the late 1930s and early 1940s, and came to an abrupt end after the commencement of Operation Barbarossa. The challenge produced by the German invasion would ultimately prevent the public withering away of religion in Soviet society.This campaign, like the campaigns of other periods that formed the basis of the USSR's efforts to eliminate religion and replace it with atheism supported with a materialist world view, was accompanied with official claims that there was no religious persecution in the USSR, and that believers who were being targeted were for other reasons. Believers were in fact being widely targeted and persecuted for their belief or promotion of religion, as part of the state's campaign to disseminate atheism, but officially the state claimed that no such persecution existed and that the people being targeted - when they admitted that people were being targeted - were only being attacked for resistance to the state or breaking the law. This guise served Soviet propaganda abroad, where it tried to promote a better image of itself especially in light of the great criticism against it from foreign religious influences.
В.Путин.Прямая линия.19.12.02.Part 6
Hotline with the President of Russia.Part 6
December 19, 2002
Moscow, Khabarovsk, Chelyabinsk, village of Ovsyanka (Krasnoyarsk Territory), village of Tolbazy (Bashkiria), Vladikavkaz, Bor (Nizhnyi Novgorod Region), Dushanbe, Stavropol, Dubna, Kaliningrad
Прямая линия с Президентом России
19 декабря 2002 года
Москва, Хабаровск, Челябинск, д.Овсянка (Красноярский край), с.Толбазы (Башкирия), Владикавказ, Бор (Нижегородская область), Душанбе, Ставрополь, Дубна, Калининград
KIRILL KLEIMENOV: Oksana Borzova asks why wages for public sector employees cannot be adjusted for inflation, specifically the salaries of nursery and school teachers, in the same way as they have been adjusted for pensioners. That was a call from the Ivanovo Region.
VLADIMIR PUTIN: I must say that the budget stipulates such indexations. They will be carried out, but that is not the whole problem. I think we should change the system of payment. We should dissociate payment in these spheres from the single wage scale which treats people equally regardless of the region where they live. I think that system has outlived itself. For example, a teacher in the Far North has a salary of 5,000 roubles and the oilmen in the region are paid 5, 7, or 10 times more. A teacher cannot live on such a salary in the north. But in another place, in a farming region, a teacher may have the same salary, 5,000 roubles, but the people around him are not even paid 2,000 roubles. Such discrepancies can and must be rectified.
The Government has been instructed to prepare corresponding proposals. It is working out the rules that will structure this work on the sectoral principle, as was the case in Soviet times.
QUESTION (the village of Tolbazy): I am a member of an agricultural cooperative and a veteran of the Afghan war. I would like to know what is happening in Chechnya, perhaps it is time to start negotiations?
And another thing. You have spoken about a Pan-Islamic state on Russian territory. Is that possible?
VLADIMIR PUTIN: First, about the situation in Chechnya and possible negotiations. Better a bad peace than a good quarrel. We have always proceeded on that basis. And of course, negotiations always pave the way to settlement.
The question is, with whom to negotiate and about what? Who are we up against in Chechnya? Let it be said that there are some people whom we describe as separatists who have sought to break the Chechen Republic away from the Russian Federation. We have already had talks with them. In 1996 we met all their demands. In fact, we had agreed to the independence of Chechnya by signing the Khasavyurt Agreement. We all know what it led to, the attack on Dagestan and the expansion of aggression.
Are we supposed to negotiate with them again? Negotiate on what? We had already agreed with them on everything. We had given them everything. What is there to discuss with them? Or shall we just slightly reprimand them for the mischief that they had done? And according to some estimates ethnic cleansing there claimed up to 30,000 lives, perhaps even more. They have misbehaved a little bit and are we supposed to let them go on practicing?
No, we have had enough. It wont happen again. With whom can we negotiate? There are international terrorists there who work for money and just plain bandits. It is impossible to agree on anything with terrorists and bandits.
But still I would like to tell you that last year we tried to negotiate with Maskhadovs representative. We invited him to Moscow. Nothing happened. They simply vanished.
But it makes no sense to build up the federal troops there because there are no large-scale military actions, the army has fulfilled its task and what is needed is something else. The political process must be developed there so that people take power into their hands, so that they have a legal basis, so that there is a constitution of the Chechen Republic and legitimate bodies of power elected on the basis of that constitution enjoy the trust of the people and assume the responsibility for the fate of that republic.
And the second part of your question is about the Islamic state on Russian territory.
Are there any Russians left in Russia?
Religious education: pros and cons
Bulgaria | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:18 1 Etymology
00:04:18 2 History
00:04:27 2.1 Prehistory and antiquity
00:06:57 2.2 First Bulgarian Empire
00:08:55 2.3 Second Bulgarian Empire
00:10:59 2.4 Ottoman rule
00:13:50 2.5 Third Bulgarian state
00:19:37 3 Geography
00:22:33 3.1 Biodiversity and environment
00:25:23 4 Politics
00:28:50 4.1 Legal system
00:30:13 4.2 Administrative divisions
00:31:17 4.3 Foreign relations and security
00:33:59 5 Economy
00:39:30 5.1 Sectors
00:41:24 5.2 Science and technology
00:43:56 5.3 Infrastructure
00:45:56 6 Demographics
00:51:42 7 Culture
00:57:47 7.1 Sports
00:59:36 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Bulgaria ( (listen); Bulgarian: България, tr. Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Република България, tr. Republika Bǎlgariya, IPA: [rɛˈpublikɐ bɐɫˈɡarijɐ]), is a country in Southeast Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.
One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the Neolithic Karanovo culture, which dates back to 6,500 BC. In the 6th to 3rd century BC the region was a battleground for Thracians, Persians, Celts and ancient Macedonians; stability came when the Roman Empire conquered the region in AD 45. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire lost some of these territories to an invading Bulgar horde in the late 7th century. The Bulgars founded the First Bulgarian Empire in AD 681, which dominated most of the Balkans and significantly influenced Slavic cultures by developing the Cyrillic script. This state lasted until the early 11th century, when Byzantine emperor Basil II conquered and dismantled it. A successful Bulgarian revolt in 1185 established a Second Bulgarian Empire, which reached its apex under Ivan Asen II (1218–1241). After numerous exhausting wars and feudal strife, the Second Bulgarian Empire disintegrated in 1396 and its territories fell under Ottoman rule for nearly five centuries.
The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 resulted in the formation of the current Third Bulgarian State. Many ethnic Bulgarian populations were left outside its borders, which led to several conflicts with its neighbours and an alliance with Germany in both world wars. In 1946 Bulgaria became a one-party socialist state and part of the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc. The ruling Communist Party gave up its monopoly on power after the revolutions of 1989 and allowed multi-party elections. Bulgaria then transitioned into a democracy and a market-based economy.
Since adopting a democratic constitution in 1991, the sovereign state has been a unitary parliamentary republic with a high degree of political, administrative, and economic centralisation. The population of seven million lives mainly in Sofia and the capital cities of the 27 provinces, and the country has suffered significant demographic decline since the late 1980s.
Bulgaria is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the Council of Europe; it is a founding state of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and has taken a seat on the UN Security Council three times. Its market economy is part of the European Single Market and mostly relies on services, followed by industry—especially machine building and mining—and agriculture. Widespread corruption is a major socioeconomic issue.
Ethnic republics in Russia. Part 2
Bulgaria | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Bulgaria
00:03:17 1 Etymology
00:04:17 2 History
00:04:26 2.1 Prehistory and antiquity
00:06:55 2.2 First Bulgarian Empire
00:08:53 2.3 Second Bulgarian Empire
00:10:56 2.4 Ottoman rule
00:13:47 2.5 Third Bulgarian state
00:19:33 3 Geography
00:22:28 3.1 Biodiversity and environment
00:25:18 4 Politics
00:28:45 4.1 Legal system
00:30:08 4.2 Administrative divisions
00:31:12 4.3 Foreign relations and security
00:33:54 5 Economy
00:39:24 5.1 Sectors
00:41:17 5.2 Science and technology
00:43:49 5.3 Infrastructure
00:45:49 6 Demographics
00:51:33 7 Culture
00:57:36 7.1 Sports
00:59:25 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Bulgaria ( (listen); Bulgarian: България, tr. Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Република България, tr. Republika Bǎlgariya, IPA: [rɛˈpublikɐ bɐɫˈɡarijɐ]), is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.
One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the Neolithic Karanovo culture, which dates back to 6,500 BC. In the 6th to 3rd century BC the region was a battleground for Thracians, Persians, Celts and Ancient Macedonians; stability came when the Roman Empire conquered the region in AD 45. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire lost some of these territories to an invading Bulgar horde in the late 7th century. The Bulgars founded the First Bulgarian Empire in AD 681, which dominated most of the Balkans and significantly influenced Slavic cultures by developing the Cyrillic script. This state lasted until the early 11th century, when Byzantine emperor Basil II conquered and dismantled it. A successful Bulgarian revolt in 1185 established a Second Bulgarian Empire, which reached its apex under Ivan Asen II (1218–1241). After numerous exhausting wars and feudal strife, the Second Bulgarian Empire disintegrated in 1396 and its territories fell under Ottoman rule for nearly five centuries.
The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 resulted in the formation of the current Third Bulgarian State. Many ethnic Bulgarian populations were left outside its borders, which led to several conflicts with its neighbours and an alliance with Germany in both world wars. In 1946 Bulgaria became a one-party socialist state and part of the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc. The ruling Communist Party gave up its monopoly on power after the revolutions of 1989 and allowed multi-party elections. Bulgaria then transitioned into a democracy and a market-based economy.
Since adopting a democratic constitution in 1991, the sovereign state has been a unitary parliamentary republic with a high degree of political, administrative, and economic centralisation. The population of seven million lives mainly in Sofia and the capital cities of the 27 provinces, and the country has suffered significant demographic decline since the late 1980s.
Bulgaria is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the Council of Europe; it is a founding state of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and has taken a seat on the UN Security Council three times. Its market economy is part of the European Single Market and mostly relies on services, followed by industry—especially machine building and mining—and agriculture. Widespread corruption is a major socioeconomic issue.
Bulgaria | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Bulgaria
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Bulgaria ( (listen); Bulgarian: България, tr. Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Република България, tr. Republika Bǎlgariya, IPA: [rɛˈpublikɐ bɐɫˈɡarijɐ]), is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.
One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the Neolithic Karanovo culture, which dates back to 6,500 BC. In Antiquity (6th–3rd century BC), the region became a battleground for Thracians, Persians, Celts and Ancient Macedonians until it was conquered by the Roman Empire in 45 AD. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire lost some of these territories to an invading Bulgar horde in the late 7th century. The Bulgars then founded the first unified Bulgarian state in 681 AD which dominated most of the Balkans and significantly influenced Slavic cultures by developing the Cyrillic script. The First Bulgarian Empire lasted until the early 11th century when Byzantine emperor Basil II conquered and dismantled it. A successful Bulgarian revolt in 1185 established a Second Bulgarian Empire which reached its apex under Ivan Asen II (1218–1241). After numerous exhausting wars and feudal strife, the Second Bulgarian Empire disintegrated in 1396 and its territories fell under Ottoman rule for nearly five centuries.
The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 resulted in the formation of the current Third Bulgarian State. Many ethnic Bulgarian populations were left outside its borders, which led to several conflicts with its neighbours and an alliance with Germany in both world wars. In 1946 Bulgaria became a one-party socialist state and part of the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc. The ruling Communist Party gave up its monopoly on power after the Revolutions of 1989 and allowed multi-party elections. Bulgaria then transitioned into a democracy and a market-based economy.
Since adopting a democratic constitution in 1991, the sovereign state has been a unitary parliamentary republic with a high degree of political, administrative, and economic centralisation. The urbanized population of seven million lives mainly in Sofia and the 27 provincial capital cities, but faces significant demographic decline. Bulgaria is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the Council of Europe; it is a founding state of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and has taken a seat at the UN Security Council three times. Its market economy is part of the European Single Market and mostly relies on services, followed by industry—especially machine building and mining—and agriculture. Widespread corruption is a major socio-economic issue.
Bulgaria | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Bulgaria
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Bulgaria ( ( listen); Bulgarian: България, tr. Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Република България, tr. Republika Bǎlgariya, IPA: [rɛˈpublikɐ bɐɫˈɡarijɐ]), is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.
One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the Neolithic Karanovo culture, which dates back to 6,500 BC. In Antiquity (6th–3rd century BC), the region became a battleground for Thracians, Persians, Celts and Ancient Macedonians until it was conquered by the Roman Empire in 45 AD. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire lost some of these territories to an invading Bulgar horde in the late 7th century. The Bulgars then founded the first unified Bulgarian state in 681 AD which dominated most of the Balkans and significantly influenced Slavic cultures by developing the Cyrillic script. The First Bulgarian Empire lasted until the early 11th century when Byzantine emperor Basil II conquered and dismantled it. A successful Bulgarian revolt in 1185 established a Second Bulgarian Empire which reached its apex under Ivan Asen II (1218–1241). After numerous exhausting wars and feudal strife, the Second Bulgarian Empire disintegrated in 1396 and its territories fell under Ottoman rule for nearly five centuries.
The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 resulted in the formation of the current Third Bulgarian State. Many ethnic Bulgarian populations were left outside its borders, which led to several conflicts with its neighbours and an alliance with Germany in both world wars. In 1946 Bulgaria became a one-party socialist state and part of the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc. The ruling Communist Party gave up its monopoly on power after the Revolutions of 1989 and allowed multi-party elections. Bulgaria then transitioned into a democracy and a market-based economy.
Since adopting a democratic constitution in 1991, the sovereign state has been a unitary parliamentary republic with a high degree of political, administrative, and economic centralisation. The urbanized population of seven million lives mainly in Sofia and the 27 provincial capital cities, but faces significant demographic decline. Bulgaria is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the Council of Europe; it is a founding state of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and has taken a seat at the UN Security Council three times. Its market economy is part of the European Single Market and mostly relies on services, followed by industry—especially machine building and mining—and agriculture. Widespread corruption in Bulgaria is a major socio-economic issue.
Talk on Sex with an Orthodox Priest. Part Two: Perversion
FC Rubin Kazan
FC Rubin Kazan (Russian: Футбо́льный клуб Руби́н Каза́нь, Futbolny klub Rubin Kazan [fʊdˈbolʲnɨj klup rʊˈbʲin kɐˈzanʲ]; Tatar: Rubin Qazan Futbol Törkimi, Рубин Казан футбол төркеме, English: Kazan ruby) is a Russian association football club based in the city of Kazan in the Republic of Tatarstan.
Founded in 1958, Rubin played its first-ever top flight season in 2003. It has remained there ever since, winning the Russian Premier League championship in 2008 and 2009. The club also won the 2011–12 Russian Cup and has been a regular in European competition in recent seasons.
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Slavic Native Faith | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Slavic Native Faith
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Slavic Native Faith, also known as Rodnovery, is a modern Pagan religion. Classified as a new religious movement, its practitioners harken back to the historical belief systems of the Slavic peoples of Central and Eastern Europe. Rodnovery is a widely accepted self-descriptor within the community, although there are Rodnover organisations which further characterise the religion as Orthodoxy, Old Belief and Vedism.
Rodnovers typically regard their religion as a faithful continuation of ancient beliefs that survived as folk religion or as conscious double belief following the Christianisation of the Slavs in the Middle Ages. Rodnovery draws upon surviving historical and archaeological sources, folk religion and even non-Slavic sources such as Hinduism. Rodnover theology and cosmology may be described as pantheism and polytheism—worship of the supreme God of the universe and of the multiple gods, ancestors and spirits of nature identified through Slavic culture. Adherents usually meet together in groups to conduct religious ceremonies. These typically entail the invocation of gods, sacrifices and the pouring of libations, dances and a communal meal.
Rodnover ethical thinking emphasises the good of the collective over the rights of the individual. The religion is patriarchal, and attitudes towards sex and gender are generally conservative. Rodnovery has developed distinctive strains of political and identitary philosophy. Rodnover organisations often characterise themselves as ethnic religions, emphasising that the religion is bound to Slavic ethnicity. This often manifests as ethnic nationalism, opposition to miscegenation and the belief in the fundamental difference of racial groups. Rodnovers often glorify Slavic history, criticising the impact of Christianity in Slavic countries and arguing that these nations will play a central place in the world's future. Rodnovers share a strong feeling that their religion represents a paradigmatic shift which will overcome Western thought and what they call mono-ideologies.
The contemporary organised Rodnovery movement arose from a multiplicity of sources and charismatic leaders just at the brink of the collapse of the Soviet Union and spread rapidly by the mid-1990s and the 2000s. Antecedents are to be found in late 18th- and 19th-century Slavic Romanticism, which glorified the pre-Christian beliefs of Slavic societies. Active religious practitioners devoted to establishing Slavic Native Faith appeared in Poland and Ukraine in the 1930s and 1940s. Following the Second World War and the establishment of communist states throughout the Eastern Bloc, new variants were established by Slavic emigrants living in Western countries, being later introduced in Central and Eastern European countries after the collapse of the Soviet Union. In recent times, the movement has been increasingly studied in academic scholarship.
Bogomilism | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Bogomilism
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Bogomilism (Bulgarian: Богомилство, Serbo-Croatian: Bogumilstvo/Богумилство) was a Christian neo-Gnostic or dualist sect founded in the First Bulgarian Empire by the priest Bogomil during the reign of Tsar Peter I in the 10th century. It most probably arose in what is today the region of Macedonia as a response to the social stratification that occurred with the introduction of feudalism and as a form of political movement and opposition to the Bulgarian state and the church.
The Bogomils called for a return to what they considered to be early spiritual teaching, rejecting the ecclesiastical hierarchy, and their primary political tendencies were resistance to the state and church authorities. This helped the movement spread quickly in the Balkans, gradually expanding throughout the Byzantine Empire and later reaching Kievan Rus', Bosnia (Bosnian Church), Dalmatia, Serbia, Italy, and France (Cathars).
The Bogomils were dualists or Gnostics in that they believed in a world within the body and a world outside the body. They did not use the Christian cross, nor build churches, as they revered their gifted form and considered their body to be the temple. This gave rise to many forms of practice to cleanse oneself through purging, fasting, celebrating and dancing.
Bogomilism | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:17 1 Etymology
00:02:44 2 Sources
00:03:50 3 History
00:03:59 3.1 Paulicians
00:05:44 3.2 Origins
00:07:53 3.3 Spread of bogomilism in the Balkans
00:12:19 3.4 Social factors
00:13:09 3.5 Religious factors
00:13:38 3.6 Connections to the royal court
00:14:15 4 Doctrine
00:15:23 4.1 Source texts
00:16:36 4.2 Cosmology
00:18:45 4.3 Christology and the Trinity
00:19:18 4.4 Opposition to institutions and materialism
00:22:35 5 Legacy
00:22:44 5.1 Link with later religious movements
00:25:07 5.2 In modern and popular culture
00:27:04 6 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
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Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8945793147817896
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Bogomilism (Bulgarian: Богомилство, Serbo-Croatian: Bogumilstvo/Богумилство) was a Christian neo-Gnostic or dualist sect founded in the First Bulgarian Empire by the priest Bogomil during the reign of Tsar Peter I in the 10th century. It most probably arose in what is today the region of Macedonia as a response to the social stratification that occurred with the introduction of feudalism and as a form of political movement and opposition to the Bulgarian state and the church.
The Bogomils called for a return to what they considered to be early spiritual teaching, rejecting the ecclesiastical hierarchy, and their primary political tendencies were resistance to the state and church authorities. This helped the movement spread quickly in the Balkans, gradually expanding throughout the Byzantine Empire and later reaching Kievan Rus', Bosnia (Bosnian Church), Dalmatia, Serbia, Italy, and France (Cathars).
The Bogomils were dualists or Gnostics in that they believed in a world within the body and a world outside the body. They did not use the Christian cross, nor build churches, as they revered their gifted form and considered their body to be the temple. This gave rise to many forms of practice to cleanse oneself through purging, fasting, celebrating and dancing.
Bogomilism | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Bogomilism
00:01:14 1 Etymology
00:02:39 2 Sources
00:03:45 3 History
00:03:54 3.1 Paulicians
00:05:36 3.2 Origins
00:07:40 3.3 Spread of bogomilism in the Balkans
00:11:58 3.4 Social factors
00:12:46 3.5 Religious factors
00:13:15 3.6 Connections to the royal court
00:13:51 4 Doctrine
00:14:00 4.1 Source texts
00:14:38 4.2 Teaching
00:15:45 4.3 Dualist beliefs and customs
00:16:44 4.4 Christology and the Trinity
00:18:22 4.5 Opposition to institutions and materialism
00:18:32 5 Legacy
00:18:57 5.1 Link with later religious movements
00:19:08 5.2 In modern and popular culture
00:22:11 6 See also
00:22:21 7 References
00:22:34 8 Sources
00:24:45 9 Further reading
00:26:44 10 External links
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Bogomilism (Bulgarian: Богомилство, Serbo-Croatian: Bogumilstvo/Богумилство) was a Christian neo-Gnostic or dualist sect founded in the First Bulgarian Empire by the priest Bogomil during the reign of Tsar Peter I in the 10th century. It most probably arose in what is today the region of Macedonia as a response to the social stratification that occurred with the introduction of feudalism and as a form of political movement and opposition to the Bulgarian state and the church.
The Bogomils called for a return to what they considered to be early spiritual teaching, rejecting the ecclesiastical hierarchy, and their primary political tendencies were resistance to the state and church authorities. This helped the movement spread quickly in the Balkans, gradually expanding throughout the Byzantine Empire and later reaching Kievan Rus', Bosnia (Bosnian Church), Dalmatia, Serbia, Italy, and France (Cathars).
The Bogomils were dualists or Gnostics in that they believed in a world within the body and a world outside the body. They did not use the Christian cross, nor build churches, as they revered their gifted form and considered their body to be the temple. This gave rise to many forms of practice to cleanse oneself through purging, fasting, celebrating and dancing.
Bulgaria | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Bulgaria
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Bulgaria ( (listen); Bulgarian: България, tr. Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Република България, tr. Republika Bǎlgariya, IPA: [rɛˈpublikɐ bɐɫˈɡarijɐ]), is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.
One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the Neolithic Karanovo culture, which dates back to 6,500 BC. In Antiquity (6th–3rd century BC), the region became a battleground for Thracians, Persians, Celts and Ancient Macedonians until it was conquered by the Roman Empire in 45 AD. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire lost some of these territories to an invading Bulgar horde in the late 7th century. The Bulgars then founded the first unified Bulgarian state in 681 AD which dominated most of the Balkans and significantly influenced Slavic cultures by developing the Cyrillic script. The First Bulgarian Empire lasted until the early 11th century when Byzantine emperor Basil II conquered and dismantled it. A successful Bulgarian revolt in 1185 established a Second Bulgarian Empire which reached its apex under Ivan Asen II (1218–1241). After numerous exhausting wars and feudal strife, the Second Bulgarian Empire disintegrated in 1396 and its territories fell under Ottoman rule for nearly five centuries.
The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 resulted in the formation of the current Third Bulgarian State. Many ethnic Bulgarian populations were left outside its borders, which led to several conflicts with its neighbours and an alliance with Germany in both world wars. In 1946 Bulgaria became a one-party socialist state and part of the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc. The ruling Communist Party gave up its monopoly on power after the Revolutions of 1989 and allowed multi-party elections. Bulgaria then transitioned into a democracy and a market-based economy.
Since adopting a democratic constitution in 1991, the sovereign state has been a unitary parliamentary republic with a high degree of political, administrative, and economic centralisation. The urbanized population of seven million lives mainly in Sofia and the 27 provincial capital cities, but faces significant demographic decline. Bulgaria is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the Council of Europe; it is a founding state of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and has taken a seat at the UN Security Council three times. Its market economy is part of the European Single Market and mostly relies on services, followed by industry—especially machine building and mining—and agriculture. Widespread corruption is a major socio-economic issue.
A Conversation with Vladimir Putin, Continued 2010 (English Subtitles)
16 december 2010
Television channels Rossiya and Rossiya 24 and radio stations Mayak and Vesti FM have started broadcasting the annual Q&A session, A Conversation with Vladimir Putin, Continued
video