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Walking Around Mandalay / မန္တလေး
Walking around Mandalay / မန္တလေး - the second-largest city and the last royal capital of Myanmar / မြန်မာ. Note that I had visited Mandalay Hill, Mandalay Palace and most of the surrounding attractions in 2014....
Mandalay is the economic centre of Upper Burma and considered the centre of Burmese culture. A continuing influx of Chinese immigrants, mostly from Yunnan, in the past twenty years, has reshaped the city's ethnic makeup and increased commerce with China.
Like most former (and present) capitals of Burma, Mandalay was founded on the wishes of the ruler of the day. On 13 February 1857, King Mindon founded a new royal capital at the foot of Mandalay Hill, ostensibly to fulfill a prophecy on the founding of a metropolis of Buddhism in that exact place on the occasion of the 2,400th jubilee of Buddhism. King Mindon is the founder of Mandalay royal capital A bastion at Mandalay Palace
The new capital city site was 66 km2 (25.5 sq mi) in area, surrounded by four rivers. The plan called for a 144-square block grid patterned citadel, anchored by a 16 square block royal palace compound at the center by Mandalay Hill. The 1020-acre (413-hectare) citadel was surrounded by four 2,032 m (6,666 ft) long walls and a moat 64 m (210 ft) wide, 4.6 m (15 ft) deep. At intervals of 169 m (555 ft) along the wall, were turrets with gold-tipped spires for watchmen. The walls had three gates on each side, and five bridges to cross the moat. In addition, the king also commissioned the Kuthodaw Pagoda, the Pahtan-haw Shwe Thein upasampada hall, the Thudamma Good Dharma zayats or public houses for preaching Buddhism and a library for the Pāli Canon.
In June 1857, the former royal palace of Amarapura was dismantled and moved by elephants to the new location at the foot of Mandalay Hill, although construction of the palace compound was officially completed only two years later, on Monday, 23 May 1859.
For the next 26 years, Mandalay was to be the last royal capital of the Konbaung Dynasty, the last independent Burmese kingdom before its final annexation by the British Empire. Mandalay ceased to be the capital on 28 November 1885 when the conquering British sent Thibaw Min and his queen Supayalat into exile, ending the Third Anglo-Burmese War.
During World War II, Mandalay suffered the most devastating air raids of the war. On April 3, 1942, during the Japanese conquest of Burma, the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service carried out an extensive assault on the city. As the city was defenseless and its firefighting were weak that had been lost in the earlier bombing and that they met no opposition from the British RAF as all its aircraft had by now been withdrawn to India, three-fifths of the houses were destroyed and 2,000 civilians were killed. Many again fled the city when the city was under Japanese occupation from May 1942 to March 1945. The palace citadel, turned into a supply depot by the Japanese, was burnt to the ground by Allied bombing; only the royal mint and the watch tower survived. (A faithful replica of the palace was rebuilt in the 1990s.)
In the 1980s, the city was hit by two major fires. In May 1981, a fire razed more than 6,000 houses and public buildings, leaving more than 36,000 homeless. On 24 March 1984, another fire destroyed 2,700 buildings and made 23,000 people homeless.
The 1980s fires augured a significant change in the city's physical character and ethnic makeup. Huge swaths of land left vacant by the fires were later purchased, mostly by the ethnic Han-Chinese, many of whom were recent immigrants from Yunnan. The Chinese influx accelerated after the current State Peace and Development Council came to power in 1988. With the Burmese government turning a blind eye, many Chinese immigrants from Yunnan (and also from Sichuan) poured into Upper Burma in the 1990s and many openly ended up in Mandalay. In the 1990s alone, about 250,000 to 300,000 Yunnanese are estimated to have migrated to Mandalay.
Today, ethnic Chinese people are believed to make up about 40%–50% of the city's population that is nearly the same as the natives, and are a major factor in the city's doubling of population from about 500,000 in 1980 to one million in 2008.
Myanmar Mandalay Monastry Part 15
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Mandalay is the second-largest city and the last royal capital of Burma. Located 445 miles (716 km) north of Yangon on the east bank of the Irrawaddy River, the city has a population of one and half million, and is the capital of Mandalay Region.
Mandalay is the economic hub of Upper Burma and considered the centre of Burmese culture. A continuing influx of Chinese immigrants, mostly from Yunnan, in the past twenty years, has reshaped the city's ethnic makeup and increased commerce with China. Despite Naypyidaw's recent rise, Mandalay remains Upper Burma's main commercial, educational and health center.
Atumashi Monastery: The Atumashi Kyaung , which literally means the inimitable monastery, is also one of the well known sights. The original structure was destroyed by a fire in 1890 though the masonry plinth survived. It was indeed an inimitable one in its heyday. The reconstruction project was started by the government on 2 May 1995 and completed in June 1996.
Buddha's Replica Tooth Relic Pagoda: One of the Buddha's Sacred Replica Tooth Relics was enshrined in the Mandalay Swedaw Pagoda on Maha Dhammayanthi Hill in Amarapura Township. The pagoda was built with cash donations contributed by the peoples of Burma and Buddhist donors from around the world under the supervision of the Burmese military government. The authorities and donors hoisted Buddha's Replica Tooth Relic Pagoda Mandalay's Shwe Htidaw (sacred golden umbrella), Hngetmyatnadaw (sacred bird perch vane) and Seinhpudaw (sacred diamond bud) on 13 December 1996.
Kuthodaw Pagoda (The World's Biggest Book): Built by King Mindon in 1857, this pagoda modeled on the Shwezigon Pagoda at Nyaung U, is surrounded by 729 upright stone slabs on which are inscribed the entire Buddhist Scriptures as edited and approved by the Fifth Buddhist Synod. It is popularly known as the World's Biggest Book for its stone scriptures.
Kyauktawgyi Pagoda: Near the southern approach to Mandalay Hill stands the Kyauktawgyi Buddha Image built by King Mindon in 1853--78. The Image was carved out of a huge single block of marble. Statues of 80 Arahants (the Great Disciples of the Buddha) are assembled around the Image, 20 on each side. The carving of the Image was completed in 1865.
Maha Muni Pagoda: The Image is said to have been cast in the life-time of the Gautama Buddha and that the Buddha embraced it 7 times thereby bringing it to life. Consequently, devout Buddhists hold it to be alive and refer to it as the Maha Muni Sacred Living Image. Revered as the holiest pagoda in Mandalay, It was built by King Bodawpaya in 1784. The image in a sitting posture is 12 feet and 7 inches (3.8 m) high. As the image was brought from Rakhine State it was also called the Great Rakhine Buddha. The early morning ritual of washing the Face of Buddha Image draws a large crowd of devotees everyday. The Great Image is also considered as the greatest, next to the Shwedagon Pagoda, in Burma. A visit to Mandalay is incomplete without a visit to Maha Muni Pagoda.
Mandalay Hill: The hill has for long been a holy mount. Legend has it that the Buddha, on his visit, had prophesied that a great city would be founded at its foot. Mandalay Hill, 230 metres in elevation, commands a magnificent view of the city and surrounding countryside. The construction of a motor road to reach the hill-top has already been finished.
Mandalay Palace: The whole magnificent palace complex was destroyed by a fire during World War II. However, the finely built palace walls, the city gates with their crowning wooden pavilions and the surrounding moat still represent an impressive scene of the Mandalay Palace, Mya-nan-san-kyaw Shwenandaw, which has been rebuilt using forced labor. A model of the Mandalay Palace, Nanmyint-saung and Cultural Museum are located inside the Palace grounds.
Shwenandaw Monastery: Famous for its intricate wood-carvings, this monastery is a fragile reminder of the old Mandalay Palace. Actually, it was a part of the old palace later moved to its current site by King Thibaw in 1880.
Yadanabon Zoological Gardens: A small zoo between the Mandalay Palace and Mandalay Hill. It has over 300 species and is notably the only zoo to have Burmese Roofed Turtles.Wikipedia
Mandalay MYANMAR the legendary last royal capital of Burma
On the east bank of the Irrawaddy river, Mandalay is considered the centre of Burmese culture and is the economic centre of Upper Burma .
100 days from Thailand to India (Bangkok to Bangalore).
FENIXTRIP MYANMAR
Birma / Myanmar - Mandalay
Video: Samuel Degen // Musik: Wolfgang Nitzschke
Mandalay (Burmese: မန္တလေး; MLCTS: manta.le: [màɴdəlé]; English: /ˌmændəˈleɪ/ or /ˈmændəleɪ/) is the second-largest city and the last royal capital of Burma. Located 445 miles (716 km) north of Yangon on the east bank of the Irrawaddy River, the city has a population of one million, and is the capital of Mandalay Region.
Mandalay is the economic hub of Upper Burma and considered the centre of Burmese culture. A continuing influx of Chinese immigrants, mostly from Yunnan Province, in the past twenty years, has reshaped the city's ethnic makeup and increased commerce with China. Despite Naypyidaw's recent rise, Mandalay remains Upper Burma's main commercial, educational and health centre.
Video: Samuel Degen
Musik: Wolfgang Nitzschke
Mandalay, Former Capital of Burma
Mandalay is the second largest city (after Yangon), and a former capital of Myanmar. The city is the economic and religious hub of upper Myanmar. The city is centred around the royal palace, and has wide avenues filled with bicycles and motorcycles.
Mandalay is known for its millionaires, its monks (half of the country's monks reside in Mandalay and surrounding areas), and its cultural diversity.
The very name Mandalay evokes the splendors of old Burma. But most people will be surprised to learn that Mandalay is not an old city, not even a medieval one, but rather a new city created by King Mingdon Min in 1857 as the new capital of the kingdom of Ava. Only two Burmese kings ruled from there before the British conquest of Upper Burma in 1885.
It was a city of splendor between 1858 and 1885, but most of the magnificence has vanished, gone in the fires that consume wooden structures and by intensive Allied bombing during the Second World War. The city, neatly planned with its lettered roads and numbered streets, is a British creation. The once magnificent royal palace and the great Atumashi pagoda are modern reconstructions supervised by the ruling junta with the help of forced labour. Today, Mandalay it is, by Burmese standards, relatively prosperous as a centre for trade with China and India. Despite the capital having been moved to Naypyidaw, Mandalay remains by far the main commerical centre of Upper Myanmar.
Mandalay is ethnically diverse, with the Burmans forming a slight majority. In recent years, there has been a major influx of Chinese from mainland China, and the local Chinese form 30-40% of the population. Their influence is seen in the Chinese-style glass buildings throughout the city.
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Mann Shwe Settaw Pagoda Festival , Magway Division
ตามตำนานของวัดชเวซิตตอว์ นายพรานและสุนัขได้ออกไปล่าสัตว์ในป่าหุบเขาซิตตอว์ ริมแม่น้ำมัน Mann ซึ่งปัจจุบันมีเขื่อนมันอยู่ไม่ไกลจากวัด นายพรานได้ไปพบรอยพระพุทธบาตรและได้มาบอกกับพระในหมู่บ้าน จึงได้รวมชาวบ้านขี้นไปนมัสการพระพุทธบาตร จนถึงปัจจุบัน
รอยพระพุทธบาตรองค์จริงจะมีเจดีย์ครองไว้ ไม่ให้ปิดทอง จะมีงานประจำปี ๆละ 2 ครั้ง เปิดเจดีย์ครอบเพื่อทำน้ำมนต์ศักดิ์สิทธิ์ แจกให้กับชาวบ้านเป็นงานใหญ่ของพม่าอีกงานหนึ่ง ช่วงฤดูแล้งชาวบ้านจะสร้างกระต๊อบไม้ไผ่ ทำร้านค้าและที่พักผ่อนให้ชาวพม่าได้มาเล่นน้ำสนุกสนานกัน
The land of festivals and the land of Pagodas are the names that make Myanmar famous among the well nation. Mann Shwe Sattaw Pagoda Festival is one of the most significant Pagoda festival in Upper Myanmar. It is 36 miles from Magwe to the Mann Shwe Sattaw which is also well known as Mann footprint across Ayeyawaddy river bridge. Magwe. And people from the entire nation pay Pilgrimage to the Pagoda but the Pagoda is mostly crowded within the festival time which is from the mid February to mid April. To enjoy Mann Shwe Sattaw Pagoda festival. if you come from lower Myanmar. please take the Yangon-Pyay motor road and go along Pathein-Monywa road after passing Nawadae Bridge.At Mann Shwe Sattaw Pagoda. you will find the upper Sattawyar. the footprint of lord Buddha on the hill and the lower Sattawyar. another footprint of the Buddha at the foot of the same hill.
shwesettaw-festival01 shwesettaw-festival02
There is a motor road which will take you to the Upper sattawyar for the elders and children where as the youths can climb up by the stairway built by venerable hermit U Khanti in 1937 and at the same time. study cultural artifacts decorated on the stairway.This is the platform of the upper footprint. And from here. you can view and pay homage to the lower footprint and the panoramic view around here is quiet amazing. This place is beautiful. peaceful and pleasant.
As you go along the stairways to the upper Sattawyar. you will find various stalls selling all sorts of handicrafts and traditional herbal plants. Further above when you reach Mutsoetaung Zedi. you will be able to witness a sight which is so full of greening.And also at the lower Sattawyar. at the foot of the hill. it is bustling with devotees. Locally made lodging houses built with bamboo are waiting for the people who come here to rest and refresh themselves with a well-rested overnight stay. As there are stalls which are staff with products from all over the country. pilgrims can conveniently buy what they went in one place. The cool and pleasant Mann creek flows steadily around both Sattawyars and adds sparkle and life to the Pagoda festival itself.
One exhilarating experience you will get when visiting Mann Shwe Sattaw is bathing in the cool. clean and sparkling waters of Mann Creek after you have had an exhausting day of pilgrimage.To go on a trip to Mann Shwe Sattew Pagoda Festival in Central Myanmar which is like an oasis in an arid zone. you will experience the feeling for a place. Which gives you respite from the torrid heat and at the same time. experience the pilgrimage to a sacred and holy place of Myanmar.
Private room in Myanmar, Romeo and Juliet of Burma, Ostello bello, Bagan
Here is one of my projects.Ostello Bello needed to improve this private room and wanted a murales on the wall in line with Bagan atmosphere, so I watched lots of the paintings that the locals sell in front of the temples, and each one of them had at least one painting of the MYANMAR ROMEO AND JULIET as they call them. All were similar in gestures, clothes and style... a style that I tried to reproduce on this wall doing a easy but full of particoulars. hoping that the couples that will sleep in this room appreciate it.
Renovate this room is been great!
HOW TO PAINT A MURAL AND RENOVATING A PRIVATE ROOM
OSTELLO BELLO
BAGAN
MUSIC BY : Crow Magnet
crowmagnet.com
Mandalay 2014 (Slideshow) / မန္တလေး
Various pictures from around Mandalay / မန္တလေး - the second-largest city and the last royal capital of Myanmar (Burma). Located 716 km (445 mi) north of Yangon on the east bank of the Irrawaddy River, the city has a population of 1,225,553 (2014 census). Mandalay is the economic centre of Upper Burma and considered the centre of Burmese culture. A continuing influx of Chinese immigrants, mostly from Yunnan, in the past twenty years, has reshaped the city's ethnic makeup and increased commerce with China. Despite Naypyidaw's recent rise, Mandalay remains Upper Burma's main commercial, educational and health center.
Like most former (and present) capitals of Burma, Mandalay was founded on the wishes of the ruler of the day. On 13 February 1857, King Mindon founded a new royal capital at the foot of Mandalay Hill, ostensibly to fulfill a prophecy on the founding of a metropolis of Buddhism in that exact place on the occasion of the 2,400th jubilee of Buddhism.
The city gets its name from the nearby Mandalay Hill. The name is probably a derivative of a Pali word, although the exact word of origin remains unclear. The root word has been speculated to be mandala, referring to circular plains or Mandara, a mountain from Hindu mythology.
When it was founded in 1857, the royal city was officially named Yadanabon (ရတနာပုံ), a loan of the Pali name Ratanapūra (ရတနပူရ) City of Gems. It was also called Lay Kyun Aung Myei (လေးကျွန်းအောင်မြေ, Victorious Land over the Four Islands) and Mandalay Palace (မြနန်းစံကျော်, Famed Royal Emerald Palace).
Walking Around Mandalay / မန္တလေး (Slideshow)
Walking around Mandalay / မန္တလေး - the second-largest city and the last royal capital of Myanmar / မြန်မာ. Note that I had visited Mandalay Hill, Mandalay Palace and most of the surrounding attractions in 2014....
Mandalay is the economic centre of Upper Burma and considered the centre of Burmese culture. A continuing influx of Chinese immigrants, mostly from Yunnan, in the past twenty years, has reshaped the city's ethnic makeup and increased commerce with China.
Like most former (and present) capitals of Burma, Mandalay was founded on the wishes of the ruler of the day. On 13 February 1857, King Mindon founded a new royal capital at the foot of Mandalay Hill, ostensibly to fulfill a prophecy on the founding of a metropolis of Buddhism in that exact place on the occasion of the 2,400th jubilee of Buddhism. King Mindon is the founder of Mandalay royal capital A bastion at Mandalay Palace
The new capital city site was 66 km2 (25.5 sq mi) in area, surrounded by four rivers. The plan called for a 144-square block grid patterned citadel, anchored by a 16 square block royal palace compound at the center by Mandalay Hill. The 1020-acre (413-hectare) citadel was surrounded by four 2,032 m (6,666 ft) long walls and a moat 64 m (210 ft) wide, 4.6 m (15 ft) deep. At intervals of 169 m (555 ft) along the wall, were turrets with gold-tipped spires for watchmen. The walls had three gates on each side, and five bridges to cross the moat. In addition, the king also commissioned the Kuthodaw Pagoda, the Pahtan-haw Shwe Thein upasampada hall, the Thudamma Good Dharma zayats or public houses for preaching Buddhism and a library for the Pāli Canon.
In June 1857, the former royal palace of Amarapura was dismantled and moved by elephants to the new location at the foot of Mandalay Hill, although construction of the palace compound was officially completed only two years later, on Monday, 23 May 1859.
For the next 26 years, Mandalay was to be the last royal capital of the Konbaung Dynasty, the last independent Burmese kingdom before its final annexation by the British Empire. Mandalay ceased to be the capital on 28 November 1885 when the conquering British sent Thibaw Min and his queen Supayalat into exile, ending the Third Anglo-Burmese War.
During World War II, Mandalay suffered the most devastating air raids of the war. On April 3, 1942, during the Japanese conquest of Burma, the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service carried out an extensive assault on the city. As the city was defenseless and its firefighting were weak that had been lost in the earlier bombing and that they met no opposition from the British RAF as all its aircraft had by now been withdrawn to India, three-fifths of the houses were destroyed and 2,000 civilians were killed. Many again fled the city when the city was under Japanese occupation from May 1942 to March 1945. The palace citadel, turned into a supply depot by the Japanese, was burnt to the ground by Allied bombing; only the royal mint and the watch tower survived. (A faithful replica of the palace was rebuilt in the 1990s.)
In the 1980s, the city was hit by two major fires. In May 1981, a fire razed more than 6,000 houses and public buildings, leaving more than 36,000 homeless. On 24 March 1984, another fire destroyed 2,700 buildings and made 23,000 people homeless.
The 1980s fires augured a significant change in the city's physical character and ethnic makeup. Huge swaths of land left vacant by the fires were later purchased, mostly by the ethnic Han-Chinese, many of whom were recent immigrants from Yunnan. The Chinese influx accelerated after the current State Peace and Development Council came to power in 1988. With the Burmese government turning a blind eye, many Chinese immigrants from Yunnan (and also from Sichuan) poured into Upper Burma in the 1990s and many openly ended up in Mandalay. In the 1990s alone, about 250,000 to 300,000 Yunnanese are estimated to have migrated to Mandalay.
Today, ethnic Chinese people are believed to make up about 40%–50% of the city's population that is nearly the same as the natives, and are a major factor in the city's doubling of population from about 500,000 in 1980 to one million in 2008.
Myanmar (Burma) Grace Under Pressure | Things to do | Must see | Safe travel 2019
Myanmar (Burma) Grace Under Pressure | Things to do | Must see | Safe travel 2019
Visiting Myanmar (formerly Burma) 3 times Over the course of 6 years - I was amazed to see how much the country changed. One of my Favorite countries!
All the newspapers & media say it is, but after Visiting in Myanmar (formerly Burma) for 3 times, I discovered something different....
Welcome to my channel and this week’s video is about Myanmar (Burma) Grace Under Pressure | Things to do | Must see | Safe travel 2019
This video is an insight facts of Myanmar (formerly Burma), will encourage you to see the truth of this country and not for how the media makes it appear.
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Myanmar (English pronunciation below; မြန်မာ Burmese [mjəmà]),officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, and also known as Burma, is a country in Southeast Asia. Myanmar is bordered by India and Bangladesh to its west, Thailand and Laos to its east and China to its north and northeast. Myanmar is the largest of the mainland Southeast Asian states. To its south, about one third of Myanmar's total perimeter of 5,876 km (3,651 mi) forms an uninterrupted coastline of 1,930 km (1,200 mi) along the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea.[citation needed] The country's 2014 census counted the population to be 51 million people. As of 2017, the population is about 54 million.Myanmar is 676,578 square kilometres (261,228 square miles) in size. Its capital city is Naypyidaw (Nay Pyi Taw), and its largest city is Yangon (Rangoon). Myanmar has been a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) since 1997.
Early civilisations in Myanmar included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Burma and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Burma. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy valley and, following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language, culture and Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the country. The Pagan Kingdom fell due to the Mongol invasions and several warring states emerged. In the 16th century, reunified by the Taungoo dynasty, the country was for a brief period the largest empire in the history of Mainland Southeast Asia. The early 19th century Konbaung dynasty ruled over an area that included modern Myanmar and briefly controlled Manipur and Assam as well. The British took over the administration of Myanmar after three Anglo-Burmese Wars in the 19th century and the country became a British colony. Myanmar was granted independence in 1948, as a democratic nation. Following a coup d'état in 1962, it became a military dictatorship under the Burma Socialist Programme Party.
For most of its independent years, the country has been engrossed in rampant ethnic strife and its myriad ethnic groups have been involved in one of the world's longest-running ongoing civil wars. During this time, the United Nations and several other organisations have reported consistent and systematic human rights violations in the country. In 2011, the military junta was officially dissolved following a 2010 general election, and a nominally civilian government was installed. This, along with the release of Aung San Suu Kyi and political prisoners, has improved the country's human rights record and foreign relations, and has led to the easing of trade and other economic sanctions. There is, however, continuing criticism of the government's treatment of ethnic minorities, its response to the ethnic insurgency, and religious clashes. In the landmark 2015 election, Aung San Suu Kyi's party won a majority in both houses. However, the Burmese military remains a powerful force in politics.
#Myanmar #Burma #myanmar2019 #Traveltomyanmar #ThingstodoinMyanmar #mustseeinmyanmar #OtherSideoftheTruth #visitingmyanmar #myanmartravel2019 #rohingyacrisis
Myanmar
Early civilisations in Myanmar included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Burma and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Burma. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy valley and, following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language, culture and Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the country. The Pagan Kingdom fell due to the Mongol invasions and several warring states emerged. In the 16th century, reunified by the Taungoo Dynasty, the country was for a brief period the largest empire in the history of Mainland Southeast Asia. The early 19th century Konbaung Dynasty ruled over an area that included modern Myanmar and briefly controlled Manipur and Assam as well. The British took over the administration of Myanmar after three Anglo-Burmese Wars in the 19th century and the country became a British colony. Myanmar was granted independence in 1948, as a democratic nation. Following a coup d'état in 1962, it became a military dictatorship.
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(Civilization: Sovereign States)
Myanmar (Burma), the Land of Golden Pagodas
Burma, officially Myanmar, is a country in Southeast Asia. Burma is bordered by China, Laos, Thailand, Bangladesh and India. One-third of Burma's total perimeter forms an uninterrupted coastline along the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. Myanmar is the 40th largest country in the world and the second largest country in Southeast Asia. It is also the 24th most populous country in the world with over 58.8 million people.
Burma is home to some of the early civilizations of Southeast Asia. In the 9th century, the Burmans of the Kingdom of Nanzhao, entered the upper Irrawaddy valley and, following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in 1057, the language and culture of these peoples slowly became dominant in the country. Sometime during this period, Buddhism became the predominant religion of the country. Following the Mongol invasion of Burma in 1287, the kingdom of Pagan fell and a period of control by several warring states emerged. In the second half of the 16th century, the country was reunified by the Taungoo Dynasty which, for a brief period of time, was the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia. The 18th century Konbaung Dynasty ruled over an area that includes modern Burma as well as Manipur in India.
In the 19th century, following three Anglo-Burmese Wars, Burma was colonized by Britain. British rule brought social, economic, cultural and administrative changes to the once-feudal society. Since independence in 1948, the country has been in one of the longest running civil wars among the country's myriad ethnic groups that remains unresolved. From 1962 to 2011, the country was under military rule. The military junta was dissolved in 2011 following a general election in 2010 and a civilian government installed.
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19 hour train ride from Mandalay to Yangon Gotta love it and hate it, October 2019
Goodbye Myanmar...its been a valuable life and cultural experience here. It's also a place where my parents grew up for a short period of time. The train from Mandalay to Yangon is a love it and hate it experience. We had a private sleeper booth, the fan worked for an hour before packing up for the remaining 18 hour train ride. The train was extremely bumpy, uncomfortable and full of creepy crawlies. We spent our diwali on this treturous train journey. The best part of the train ride, was watching sunrise whilst having breakfast between 6-8am. These two hours were priceless.
Two upper class tickets cost us $24. We could not sleep the entire trip especially as we were situated next to the lavatory. Our favourite places were, Chinstate, Bagan, Inle Lake and Kalaw. Not all travel experiences are good, this train journey was one of them. We hope the transportation conditions improve in years to come, not only for tourists, but the primarily for the locals. Apologies in advance for the swearing.
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Mandalay - The Second Largest City Part I
Mandalay - The Second Largest City Part I - Mandalay (/ˌmændəˈleɪ/ or /ˈmændəleɪ/; Burmese: မန္တလေး; MLCTS: manta.le: [màɴdəlé]) is the second-largest city and the last royal capital of Burma. Located 716 km (445 mi) north of Yangon on the east bank of the Irrawaddy River, the city had a population of 952,570 (2011 estimation) [6] and 1,022,487 for the built-up area (including Sagaing) and is the capital of Mandalay Region.
The city gets its name from the nearby Mandalay Hill. The name is probably a derivative of a Pali word although the exact word of origin remains unclear. The root word has been speculated to be: Mandala (meaning, circular plains),[4] Mandare (believed to mean auspicious land),[9] or Mandara (a mountain from Hindu mythology).[10]
Like most former (and present) capitals of Burma, Mandalay was founded on the wishes of the ruler of the day. On 13 February 1857, King Mindon founded a new royal capital at the foot of Mandalay Hill, ostensibly to fulfill a prophecy on the founding of a metropolis of Buddhism in that exact place on the occasion of the 2,400th jubilee of Buddhism.[11]
After the country gained independence from Britain in 1948, Mandalay continued to be the main cultural, educational and economic hub of Upper Burma. Until the early 1990s, most students from Upper Burma went to Mandalay for university education. Until 1991, Mandalay University, the University of Medicine, Mandalay and the Defence Services Academy were the only three universities in Upper Burma.
Mandalay is located in the central dry zone of Burma by the Irrawaddy river at 21.98° North, 96.08° East, 64 meters (210 feet) above sea level. Its standard time zone is UTC/GMT +6:30 hours.
Mandalay features a tropical wet and dry climate under the Köppen climate classification. Mandalay features noticeably warmer and cooler periods of the year. Average temperatures in January, the coolest month, hovers around 21°C while the warmest month, April, averages 31°C. Mandalay is very hot in the months of April and May, with average high temperatures easily exceeding 35°C.
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Mandalay01: pixelchecker
Mandalay02: James Havard
Mandalay03: relux.
Mandalay04: Michael Cory
Mandalay05: relux.
His Excellency U Thar Aye, Chief Minister of Sagaing Region Government of Myanmar
Inaugural ceremony of the Manipur Sangai Festival'13. (Sangai is the state animal of Manipur)
The Chief Guest was Shri Paban Singh Ghatowar, Home Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region and Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs.
Shri Okram Ibobi Singh, Chief Minister of Manipur was the President and Guests of Honour were Shri Gaikhangam, Deputy CM of Manipur, His Excellency U Ye Mint, CM of Mandalay Region Government Myanmar; His Excellency U Thar Aye, CM of Sagaing Region Government, Myanmar, Shri Mairembam Pritrhviraj Singh Parliamentary Secretary, Tourism/ YAS, Government of Manipur and His Excellency Dr. A.K. Jagessur, GOSK, High Commissioner, Mauritius.
Every year the Government of Manipur, Spearheaded by the Tourism Department, celebrates the Manipur Sangai Festival from 21st to 30th of November. The Festival strives to showcase and promote the best of what the state has to offer to the world in terms of art and culture, handloom, handicrafts & fine arts, indigenous sports, cuisines & music, eco & adventure sports as well as the scenic natural beauty of the land. Moreover, the Festival has assumed great significance in recent years and every edition essential celebrates ethnic diversity of Manipur Society. Participation of various Indian States, foreign traders and cultural troupes in the Festival this year will make it grander in scale and style. Further many entertaining items like Fashion Shows, Rock Shows, etc. The Festival is the right venue for innovative people with innovative ideas meet on a common platform.
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Cabello | Twin Warriors Of Burma | Crossing Boundaries |
Cabello Talks At The Bridge Art Fair, Miami. Burma, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, commonly shortened to Myanmar is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia bordered by China, Thailand, India, Laos and Bangladesh.
One third of Burma's total perimeter of 1,930 kilometres (1,200 miles) forms an uninterrupted coastline along the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. Burma's population of over 60 million makes it the world's 24th most populous country and, at 676,578 square kilometres (261,227 sq mi), it is the world's 40th largest country and the second largest in Southeast Asia.
Early civilizations in Burma included the Tibeto-Burman speaking Pyu in Upper Burma and the Mon in Lower Burma. In the 9th century, the Burmans of the Kingdom of Nanzhao entered the upper Irrawaddy valley and, following the establishment of the Pagan Empire in the 1050s, the Burmese language and culture slowly became dominant in the country.
During this period, Theravada Buddhism gradually became the predominant religion of the country. The Pagan Empire fell due to the Mongol invasions (1277--1301), and several warring states emerged. In the second half of the 16th century, reunified by the Taungoo Dynasty, the country was for a brief period the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia.
The early 19th century Konbaung Dynasty ruled over an area that included modern Burma and briefly controlled Manipur and Assam as well. The British conquered Burma after three Anglo-Burmese Wars in the 19th century and the country became a British colony (a part of India until 1937 and then a separately administered colony). Burma became an independent nation in 1948, initially as a democratic nation and then, following a coup in 1962, a military dictatorship which formally ended in 2011. For most of its independent years, the country's myriad ethnic groups have been involved in one of the world's longest-running unresolved civil wars. During this time, the United Nations and several other organizations have reported consistent and systematic human rights violations in the country.
In 2011 the military junta was officially dissolved following a 2010 general election, and a nominally civilian government was installed. Although the military retains enormous influence through the constitution that was ratified in 2008, it has taken steps toward relinquishing control of the government.
This, along with the release of Burma's most prominent human rights activist, Aung San Suu Kyi, and many other political prisoners, has improved the country's human rights record and foreign relations and has led to the easing of trade and other economic sanctions that had been imposed by the European Union and the United States. There is, however, continuing criticism of the government's treatment of the largely Muslim Rohingya minority and its response to religious clashes, described by various human rights organizations as a policy of ethnic cleansing.
Burma is a country rich in jade and gems, oil, natural gas and other mineral resources. In 2011, its GDP stood at US$53.14 billion and was estimated to be growing at an annual rate of 5.5%.
Myanmar City Goes Green with Modern Urban Services
Modern water supply, wastewater treatment, and garbage collection services are paving the way for the transformation of the city of Mandalay in upper Myanmar into a prosperous, green urban center.