Крым. Балаклава. Дома Януковича. Набережная Новая и Назукина. Отдых в Крыму. Крым 2018
Всем привет из Крыма! Вот и вторая часть прогулки по прекрасной Балаклаве! Сегодня мы прогулялись по Новой набережной Балаклавы, по ранее закрытой территории, так как строения, располагающиеся там, - памятники архитектуры, ранее принадлежали Виктору Януковичу и были за забором под замком. А потом мы прошлись по Набережной Назукина, которая является самым посещаемым местом в Балаклаве. Атмосфера непередаваемо прекрасна, отдых получился чудесным. Все в Балаклаву, в Крым 2018!
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4K Russia | Genoese fortress Cembalo | Balaclava - Crimea
Cembalo (Italian: Cembalo, Ukrainian: Chembalo, Crimean-Tat. Çembalo) is a Genoese fortress on the territory of Balaklava, a suburb of Sevastopol. In the XV-XVIII centuries. was under the control of the Ottoman Empire and was called Balyklava (Crimean-Tat. Balıqlava). The ensemble of fortifications is located on the top and slopes of Mount Fortress (formerly Castron). Now it is in a state of ruin and serves as the main attraction of the city. A staircase leads to the Barnabo Grillo tower from the Nazukin embankment.
Cembalo is one of the Genoese fortresses of Gazaria. Representatives of the Genoese republic settled on the territory of modern Balaklava around 1343 (traces of more ancient buildings on the territory of the fortress were not preserved). Around the middle of the XIV century, the first fortifications appeared on Mount Kastron. Apparently, along the northern slope it was a moat and rampart, fortified with a stockade, and from the northeast a stone tower with a gateway was built. Traces of these original structures are preserved on the northern slope of the mountain. However, in 1354, the Horde Khan Dzhanibek took the fortress and burned the buildings existing at that time.
After the conclusion of the peace treaty, the mountain with the remains of fortifications was returned to the Genoese and the fortress was rebuilt. The City of St. Nicholas (Upper City) - the administrative part of the fortress - and the City of St. George (Lower or Outer City), surrounded by three lines of walls (from the north-eastern, western and southern sides), in which ordinary citizens lived, was built on Fortress Hill.
The administration located in the City of St. Nicholas included two treasurers, a vicar judge, a bishop, elders, a messenger and a trumpeter. By the 15th century, the fortress garrison consisted of forty shooters (moreover, they included a barber, two trumpeters, and a police officer). Seven of them, led by the commandant, constantly guarded the Upper City of St. Nicholas.
At the top of the cliff was the city of St. Nicholas - the citadel, surrounded on one side by a cliff, and on the other by powerful walls with eight towers, and the two towers stood apart and were not connected to the walls. Inside the citadel there was a consular castle-tower (presumably about 15 m high), a massariya (customs) and a church, which probably served as the burial place of noble residents. The consul was elected in Genoa for a year and was the main executive and judicial power of the city; he, together with the castellan of the Castle of St. Nicholas, was the head of the garrison, which consisted of 40 crossbowmen. The personal guard of the consul, apparently, were several Tatar cavalrymen.
On the hillside was the city of St. George, in which most of the townspeople lived - artisans, traders, fishermen. The lower city was also surrounded by walls with six towers, and from the south it was also protected by a cliff. Below, under the mountain, in the bay, the port and the market were located.
In the 1460s, the fortifications of the city of St. George were rebuilt, and in the southeastern corner a citadel was erected with a powerful dungeon tower, which was located at one of the highest points, on top of a cliff, and today has survived to its full height (about 20 m). The donjon had three tiers: the first was occupied by a water tank, the second floor was residential (the remains of the fireplace were preserved there), the third tier occupied a patrol, it is possible that the donjon was also used as a lighthouse. Water entered the tank via a clay pipeline from the Kefalo-Vrisi spring (Greek Κεφαλή Βρύση - the head [beginning] of the spring), which is located at the top of the beam of the same name, on Mount Spilia (Greek Σπήλια - cave); the source is still used for water supply of the Balaclava. (The same tank for collecting water was probably located in the lower tier of the consular tower).
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The original language on this channel is Russian. All translations into other languages are made through Google Translator. We apologize if the translation was not correct. We will be glad if you can provide a more improved version of the translation, be sure to write about it in the comments.