Putin Venerates One Of The Holiest Relics - Head Of St. John The Baptist On Orthodox Christmas!
Putin Venerates One Of The Holiest Relics - Head Of St. John The Baptist On Orthodox Christmas!
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Novosibirsk, Russia ???? Travel Vlog 16 ???????? History & Culture
Novosibirsk: ???? UK Vlogger of the Year finalist 2019 and 2018 explores Novosibirsk, Russia and the bizarre painter Nicholas Roerich, the USSR museum, and Russian swear words. Join the Modern Grand Tour (travel vlogs for history-culture geeks ????) in Novosibirsk, Russia! ⬇️ More info below ⬇️
If you liked Novosibirsk, Russia Travel Vlog... give it a thumbs up! ????
If you liked Novosibirsk, Russia Travel Vlog... subscribe! ????
If you liked Novosibirsk, Russia Travel Vlog... share it with friends on social media! ????
If you liked Novosibirsk, Russia Travel Vlog... tell me your favourite segment! ????
If you liked Novosibirsk, Russia Travel Vlog... tell me your favourite swear word in your language! ????
---------------------------------More info---------------------------------
YouTube channel:
Series playlist:
Series info:
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-----------------------------In this episode-----------------------------
Novosibirsk Intro = 0:48
Pizdets = 1:13 ????
City History = 2:32
Lenin Square = 3:25
Alexander Nevsky Cathedral = 4:08
USSR Museum (second economy) = 5:07 ????
Chapel of St Nicholas = 8:20 ????
Nicholas Roerich Museum = 8:45 ⛰️
Russian Swear Words = 10:14
Multicultural Russia = 11:12 ????????️????????️????????️????????️????????️
Racism in Russia = 11:36
Conclusion = 12:33
Next Episode = 13:00
--------------------------------The series--------------------------------
EUROPE
Ep1 ???????? ???????? Brussels, Ghent, and Bruges:
Ep2 ???? ???????? Amsterdam:
Ep3 ☠️ ???????? Berlin:
Ep4 ???? ???????? Hamburg:
Ep5 ???? ???????? Aarhus:
Ep6 ????♀️ ???????? Copenhagen:
Ep7 ???? ???????? Stockholm:
Ep8 ???? ???????? Helsinki:
RUSSIA
Ep9 ????️ ???????? Saint Petersburg:
Ep10 ???? ???????? Moscow:
Ep11 ???? ???????? Vladimir and Suzdal:
Ep12 ???? ???????? Nizhny Novgorod: (most fun)
Ep13 ☠️ ???????? Perm:
Ep14 ???? ???????? Yekaterinburg:
Ep15 ???? ???????? Tobolsk and Tyumen:
Ep16 ???? ???????? Novosibirsk:
Ep17 ???? ???????? Irkutsk and Olkhon Island:
Ep18 ???? ???????? Ulan-Ude:
Ep19 ???? ???????? Trans-Siberian Train: (most practically useful)
Ep20 ???? ???????? Khabarovsk:
Ep21 ???? ???????? Vladivostok:
ASIA & AUSTRALIA
Ep22 ???? ???????? Seoul: (most educative)
Ep23 ???? ???????? Osaka:
Ep24 ???? ???????? Kyoto:
Ep25 ???? ???????? Tokyo: (most awesome city)
Ep26 ???? ???????? Melbourne:
Ep27 ???? ???????? Sydney: (most jokes)
---------------------------------Welcome---------------------------------
Welcome keen traveller!
I hope you've come to join me on this Modern Grand Tour exploring history and culture.
- The first leg of the journey takes us through Europe ????????
- The second leg crosses Russia ???????? via the Trans-Siberian Railway ???? and Couchsurfing ????
- The third and final leg concludes in Asia ???? and Australia ????????
Here's the series playlist:
I promise you, by the end, we'll all be dancing like a room without a roof...
Your new travel partner, Garlen ????
#ThankYouMaxAndNovosibirsk #RussiaTravelVlog #ModernGrandTour
Novosibirsk history | Novosibirsk culture | Novosibirsk travel | Novosibirsk vlog | Novosibirsk Trans-Siberian | Novosibirsk Couchsurfing | Новосибирск | Новосибирск vlog
Mandragora - Rasputin
Grigori Rasputin, in fullGrigori Yefimovich Rasputin, Grigori also spelled Grigory, original name Grigori Yefimovich Novykh, (born January 22 [January 10, Old Style], 1869, Pokrovskoye, near Tyumen, Siberia, Russian Empire—died December 30 [December 17, Old Style], 1916, Petrograd [now St. Petersburg, Russia]), Siberian peasant and mystic whose ability to improve the condition of Aleksey Nikolayevich, the hemophiliac heir to the Russian throne, made him an influential favourite at the court of Emperor Nicholas II and Empress Alexandra.
Grigori Rasputin remained illiterate, and his reputation for licentiousness earned him the surname Rasputin, Russian for “debauched one.” He evidently underwent a religious conversion at age 18, and eventually he went to the monastery at Verkhoture, where he was introduced to the Khlysty. Rasputin perverted Khlysty beliefs into the doctrine that one was nearest God when feeling “holy passionlessness” and that the best way to reach such a state was through the sexual exhaustion that came after prolonged debauchery. Rasputin did not become a monk. He returned to Pokrovskoye, and at age 19 married Proskovya Fyodorovna Dubrovina, who later bore him four children. Marriage did not settle Rasputin. He left home and wandered to Mount Athos, Greece, and Jerusalem, living off the peasants’ donations and gaining a reputation as a starets (self-proclaimed holy man) with the ability to heal the sick and predict the future.
Rasputin’s wanderings took him to St. Petersburg (1903), where he was welcomed by Theophan, inspector of the religious Academy of St. Petersburg, and Hermogen, bishop of Saratov. The court circles of St. Petersburg at that time were entertaining themselves by delving into mysticism and the occult, so Rasputin—a filthy, unkempt wanderer with brilliant eyes and allegedly extraordinary healing talents—was warmly welcomed. In 1905 Rasputin was introduced to the royal family, and in 1908 he was summoned to the palace of Nicholas and Alexandra during one of their hemophiliac son’s bleeding episodes. Rasputin succeeded in easing the boy’s suffering (probably by his hypnotic powers) and, upon leaving the palace, warned the parents that the destiny of both the child and the dynasty were irrevocably linked to him, thereby setting in motion a decade of Rasputin’s powerful influence on the imperial family and affairs of state.
In the presence of the royal family, Rasputin consistently maintained the posture of a humble and holy peasant. Outside court, however, he soon fell into his former licentious habits. Preaching that physical contact with his own person had a purifying and healing effect, he acquired mistresses and attempted to seduce many other women. When accounts of Rasputin’s conduct reached the ears of Nicholas, the tsar refused to believe that he was anything other than a holy man, and Rasputin’s accusers found themselves transferred to remote regions of the empire or entirely removed from their positions of influence.
By 1911 Rasputin’s behaviour had become a general scandal. The prime minister, P.A. Stolypin, sent the tsar a report on Rasputin’s misdeeds. As a result, the tsar expelled Rasputin, but Alexandra had him returned within a matter of months. Nicholas, anxious not to displease his wife or endanger his son, upon whom Rasputin had an obviously beneficial effect, chose to ignore further allegations of wrongdoing.
Rasputin reached the pinnacle of his power at the Russian court after 1915. During World War I, Nicholas II took personal command of his forces (September 1915) and went to the troops on the front, leaving Alexandra in charge of Russia’s internal affairs, while Rasputin served as her personal advisor. Rasputin’s influence ranged from the appointment of church officials to the selection of cabinet ministers (often incompetent opportunists), and he occasionally intervened in military matters to Russia’s detriment. Though supporting no particular political group, Rasputin was a strong opponent of anyone opposing the autocracy or himself.
#psytrance #rasputin #mindreading #acidtrip
acid trip music for getting high
Russian Orthodox Epiphany
MVI 0195
GRIGORI RASPUTIN - WikiVidi Documentary
Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin was a Russian mystic and self-proclaimed holy man who befriended the family of Tsar Nicholas II, the last monarch of Russia, and gained considerable influence in late imperial Russia. Born to a peasant family in the Siberian village of Pokrovskoye, Rasputin had a religious conversion experience after taking a pilgrimage to a monastery in 1897. He has been described as a monk or as a strannik , though he held no official position in the Russian Orthodox Church. After traveling to St. Petersburg, either in 1903 or the winter of 1904–5, Rasputin captivated some church and social leaders. He became a society figure, and met the Tsar in November 1905. In late 1906, Rasputin began acting as a healer for the Tsar and his wife Alexandra's son Alexei, who suffered from hemophilia and was Nicholas' only heir . At court, he was a divisive figure, seen by some Russians as a mystic, visionary, and prophet, and by others as a religious charlatan. The high point of R...
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Shortcuts to chapters:
00:01:59 Early life
00:04:13 Religious conversion
00:07:05 Rise to prominence
____________________________________
Copyright WikiVidi.
Licensed under Creative Commons.
Wikipedia link:
STSPPROCA011914 Theophany Water blessing
This is the Theophany Water blessing service Jan 19, 2014 conducted by Fr. Alexander Krassovsky at Sts Peter & Paul Russian Orthodox Church in Santa Rosa, California.
For the procession, please see the previous video.
Please visit our website at stspproca.org and subscribe to this channel.
We are also on facebook.com/stspproca
Also: Any questions submitted in the comments will be addressed.
Thanks!
Екатеринбург.Ганина яма .Мужской монастырь. с высоты. дрон DJI Mavic Pro
Мужской монастырь Святых Царственных Страстотерпцев Ганина Яма
Действующий православный мужской монастырь, построенный в 2000-2003 годах в урочище Ганина Яма под Екатеринбургом на месте шахты, в которую 17 июля 1918 года были сброшены тела Николая II и его семьи, канонизированных Русской православной церковью за рубежом в 1981 году в лике святости «мученики» и Русской православной церковью в 2000 году в лике Царственных страстотерпцев.
Тобольск / Tobolsk - 1900s
Дореволюционная Россия на фотографиях
Тобольск
Pre-revolutionary Russia in photographs
Tobolsk
Tobolsk is the historic capital of Siberia and is situated on the confluence of the Tobol and Irtysh Rivers.
The city was founded by Cossacks in 1585–1586 during the first Russian advance into Siberia, becoming the seat of the Viceroy of Siberia and prospered with trade with China and Bukhara. However, in the 1890s when the Trans-Siberian railway bypassed the town, its importance quickly faded. Following the Revolution of 1917, Emperor Nicholas II and his family were housed here, for a short time, in the former house of the Governor-General.
Music:
From Suite No.I in G minor, Op.7 by Anton Arensky
The Life And Death Of Russian Mystic Grigori Rasputin
Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin (Russian: Григорий Ефимович Распутин; IPA: [ɡrʲɪˈɡorʲɪj jɪˈfʲiməvʲɪtɕ rɐˈsputʲɪn]; 21 January [O.S. 9 January] 1869 – 30 December [O.S. 17 December] 1916) was a Russian peasant, mystical faith healer and a trusted friend to the family of Nicholas II, the last Tsar of Russia. He became an influential figure in Saint Petersburg, especially after August 1915 when Nicholas took command of the army at the front.
There is much uncertainty over Rasputin's life and the degree of influence he exerted over the shy and irresolute Tsar and the strong-willed Alexandra Feodorovna, his wife. Accounts are often based on dubious memoirs, hearsay and legend. While his influence and position may have been exaggerated—he had become synonymous with power, debauchery and lust—historians agree that his presence played a significant role in the increasing unpopularity of the Imperial couple.
Rasputin is connected with the downfall of the Russian Monarchy; his disappearance would strengthen the throne. Rasputin was killed as he was seen by both the left and right to be the root cause of Russia's despair during World War I.
Grigori, Grigory or Grigorii Rasputin was born the son of a well-to-do peasant and coachdriver in the small village of Pokrovskoye, in the Tobolsk Governorate (now Yarkovsky District in the Tyumen Oblast) in the immense West Siberian Plain. The parish register contains the following entry for 9 January 1869 [O.S.]: In the village of Pokrovskoye, in the family of the peasant Yefim Yakovlevich Rasputin and his wife, both Orthodox, was born a son, Grigory. The next day he was baptized and named after St. Gregory of Nyssa, whose feast day is on 10 January.
Grigori was the fifth of nine children. Only two survived—Grigori and his sister Feodosiya. He never attended school; according to the census of 1897 almost everybody in the village was illiterate. In Pokrovskoye, the young Rasputin was regarded as an outsider, but one endowed with mysterious gifts. His limbs jerked, he shuffled his feet and always kept his hands occupied. Despite physical tics, he commanded attention. The little that is known about his childhood was passed down by his daughter Maria, but all her memoirs are regarded as unreliable.
On 2 February 1887 Rasputin married Praskovia Fyodorovna Dubrovina (1866-1936), and together the couple had three children: Dmitri, Matryona and Varvara; two earlier sons died young. In 1892 Rasputin abruptly left his village, his wife, children and parents. He spent several months in a monastery in Verkhoturye; Spiridovich suggested after the death of a child, but the monastery was enlarged in those years to receive more pilgrims. Outside the monastery lived a hermit by the name of Brother Makary. Makary had a strong influence on Rasputin, which led to Grigori's giving up drinking and eating meat. When he arrived home he had become a zealous convert.
Turn to religious life
Rasputin's claimed vision of Our Lady of Kazan turned him towards the life of a religious mystic. Around 1893 he travelled to Mount Athos, but left shocked and profoundly disillusioned, as he told Makary.
By 1900 Rasputin was identified as a strannik, a religious wanderer, although he always went home to help his family with sowing and the harvest. He was regarded as a starets (elder) or a yurodiviy (holy fool) by his followers. Rasputin did not consider himself to be a starets, who were usually older and lived in seclusion and silence. According to Baroness Sophie Buxhoeveden he was a starets in making.
According to Lili Dehn, Rasputin spoke an almost incomprehensible Siberian dialect. According to Andrei Amalrik, Rasputin never produced a clear and understandable sentence. Always something was missing: the subject, the predicate or both. It is obvious the strannik seldom preached or spoke in public, but in 1902 private gatherings in his house had to be disbanded. In 1903 Rasputin spent some time in Kiev, where he visited the Monastery of the Caves. In Kazan he attracted the attention of the bishop and members of the upper class. Rasputin then travelled to the capital to meet with John of Kronstadt and acquire donations for the construction of the village church. Pierre Gilliard writes that Rasputin arrived in 1905, Nelipa thinks it was in autumn 1904, Iliodor believed it was as early as December 1903. He carried an introduction to Ivan Stragorodsky, the rector of the theological faculty. Rasputin stayed at Alexander Nevsky Lavra; there he met with Hermogenes. Theophanes of Poltava who was amazed by his tenacious memory and psychological perspicacity offered Rasputin to live in his apartment. Rasputin was invited by Milica of Montenegro and her sister Anastasia, who were interested in Persian mysticism, spiritism and occultism. On 1 November 1905 (O.S.) Milica presented Rasputin to Tsar Nicholas and his wife Alexandra.
Video Report МОЩНЫЙ ЛЕТНИЙ ПРОКАЧ, 28.06.2014 Yaroslavl(Russia)
Video Report МОЩНЫЙ ЛЕТНИЙ ПРОКАЧ with Sasha Oshkin & Anna Deltsova, 28.06.2014 Yaroslavl(Russia) #brokenfingers production
Alapayevsk Monastery
Alapayevsk monastery - where the remainder of the Russian royal family were killed.
The Knowledge Exchange - Two Weeks in Russia
The Knowledge Exchange
“Two Weeks in Russia”
Presented by:
Dr. Steven Oluic, PhD, U.S. Army (ret.)
Dean, Arts & Sciences Division at Lakeland Community College
Earlier this year, Dr. Oluic spent two weeks in Russia as part of a Fulbright grant and toured several educational institutions. Join us and learn about his experience, impressions, and what Russia is like today. It may be contrary to the current narrative out there and includes numerous photos of his travels.
St Petersburg Academy of Sciences | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:09 1 Membership
00:03:26 2 Present structure
00:03:56 2.1 Territorial branches
00:06:07 2.2 Regional centers
00:07:13 3 Institutions
00:09:16 4 Awards
00:09:32 5 History
00:09:41 5.1 The Academy of Sciences of the Russian Empire
00:12:57 5.2 The Academy of Sciences of the USSR
00:18:03 5.3 Post-Soviet period of the Academy
00:19:41 5.3.1 Reforms (2013—2018)
00:24:01 6 Presidents
00:24:43 7 Nobel Prize laureates affiliated with the Academy
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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Speaking Rate: 0.8160957910478788
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; Russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) Rossíiskaya akadémiya naúk) consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such as libraries, publishing units, and hospitals.
Headquartered in Moscow, the Academy (RAS) is considered a civil, self-governed, non-commercial organization chartered by the Government of Russia. It combines the members of RAS (see below) and scientists employed by institutions. Near the central academy building there is a monument to Yuri Gagarin in the square bearing his name.
As of November 2017, the Academy included 1008 institutions and other units; in total about 125,000 people were employed of whom 47,000 were scientific researchers.
Orthodox Russia - Day of National Unity
The chairman of the Synodal Information Department of the Moscow Patriarchate, Vladimir Legoyda, spoke about the upcoming exhibition-forum Orthodox Russia - Day of National Unity. The Romanovs, which will be held from November 4 to 12 in Moscow. With the blessing of His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Kirill, on November 4, 2013, at the Central Exhibition Hall Manezh, the exhibition forum Orthodox Russia - Day of National Unity. The Romanovs will be opened. The exhibition is dedicated to the 400th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty and will become one of the central events in celebration of this event in Russia . During the reign of the Romanov dynasty, Russia experienced great events: the accession of Siberia and the Far East, building a new capital of St. Petersburg, the victory over Napoleon, the abolition of serfdom, the industrial revolution, and more. The country became an empire - one of the leading world powers. At this time, successful Arctic research was carried out, the Northern Sea Route was opened, and the greatest geographical discovery of Antarctica was made. There was a flowering of culture, named the Golden Age in Russian history: the world got to know Russian literature, music, painting, theatre and ballet. These and many other events, as well as the history of the life and reign of each monarch of the Romanov dynasty, will be presented in two dozen halls of the main exhibition space of the country. The central idea of the exhibition is gratitude to prominent figures of the Romanov dynasty and their associates for their contribution to strengthening Russian statehood.
Siberia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Siberia
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Siberia (; Russian: Сиби́рь, tr. Sibírj;, IPA: [sʲɪˈbʲirʲ] ( listen)) is an extensive geographical region spanning much of Eurasia and North Asia. Siberia has historically been a part of modern Russia since the 16th and 17th centuries.
The territory of Siberia extends eastwards from the Ural Mountains to the watershed between the Pacific and Arctic drainage basins. The Yenisei River conditionally divides Siberia into two parts, Western and Eastern. Siberia stretches southwards from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north-central Kazakhstan and to the national borders of Mongolia and China. With an area of 13.1 million square kilometres (5,100,000 sq mi), Siberia accounts for 77% of Russia's land area, but it is home to approximately 36 million people—27% of the country's population. This is equivalent to an average population density of about 3 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.8/sq mi) (approximately equal to that of Australia), making Siberia one of the most sparsely populated regions on Earth. If it were a country by itself, it would still be the largest country in area, but in population it would be the world's 35th-largest and Asia's 14th-largest.
Worldwide, Siberia is well known primarily for its long, harsh winters, with a January average of −25 °C (−13 °F), as well as its extensive history of use by Russian and Soviet administrations as a place for prisons, labour camps, and exile.
Mireille Mathieu
Mireille Mathieu (French: [miˈʁɛj maˈtjø]; born 22 July 1946) is a French singer. She has recorded over 1200 songs in 11 languages, with 122 million albums sold worldwide.
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
Russian Angel Otrok Viacheslav The Prophecies 1 - (Eng Subtitles)
Sad times for Russia were predicted if she does not repent, especially of the highest crime against Gods anointed ruler the Tsar, Slavik of Chebarkul. Vyacheslav Krasheninnikov (March 22, 1982 – March 17, 1993) – a boy who died at the age of 10, a miracle worker, healer and prophet, who continues to work wonders and miracles from his grave after death. Slavik of Chebarkul (Vyacheslav Krasheninnikov) died in 1993, but the memory of him is alive. Hundreds and thousands come to venerate him at his grave of all race, religions and nations. The boy’s prophecies have become a revival in all Christian and especially Russian eschatology.
St. Petersburg | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:30 1 Name
00:03:33 2 History
00:03:43 2.1 Imperial era (1703–1917)
00:12:53 2.2 Revolution and Soviet era (1917–1941)
00:16:51 2.3 World War II (1941–1945)
00:18:42 2.4 Post-war Soviet era (1945–1991)
00:21:29 2.5 Contemporary era (1991–present)
00:25:32 3 Geography
00:29:05 3.1 Climate
00:31:12 3.2 Toponymy
00:35:43 4 Demographics
00:39:59 4.1 Religion
00:40:17 5 Government
00:43:07 6 Economy
00:49:37 7 Cityscape
00:58:06 8 Tourism
01:02:05 9 Dramatic Theatre
01:02:30 10 Media and communications
01:03:04 11 Culture
01:03:13 11.1 Museums
01:05:30 11.2 Music
01:11:14 11.3 Film
01:13:19 11.4 Literature
01:15:54 12 Education
01:16:56 13 Sports
01:20:57 13.1 2018 FIFA World Cup
01:21:30 14 Infrastructure
01:21:39 14.1 Transportation
01:22:37 14.1.1 Roads and public transport
01:25:12 14.2 Saint Petersburg public transportation statistics
01:26:06 14.2.1 Waterways
01:27:15 14.2.2 Rail
01:29:32 14.2.3 Air
01:31:02 14.3 Parks
01:33:13 15 Famous people
01:33:51 16 Crime
01:37:12 17 Twin towns and sister cities
01:37:44 18 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8733509262978975
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, tr. Sankt-Peterburg, IPA: [ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk] (listen)) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015). An important Russian port on the Baltic Sea, it has a status of a federal subject (a federal city).
Situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, it was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 27 May [O.S. 16 May] 1703. During the periods 1713–1728 and 1732–1918, Saint Petersburg was the capital of Imperial Russia. In 1918, the central government bodies moved to Moscow, which is about 625 km (388 miles) to the south-east.
Saint Petersburg is often considered Russia's cultural capital. The Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments constitute a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Saint Petersburg is home to the Hermitage, one of the largest art museums in the world. Many foreign consulates, international corporations, banks and businesses have offices in Saint Petersburg.
Российская Империя: Александр II, часть 1. [11/16] [Eng Sub]
Российская Империя. Александр II. Часть первая.
* Воспитание будущего императора.
* Окончание Кавказской войны.
* Отмена крепостного права и другие реформы.
* Подробности продажи Аляски.
* История создания журнала «Современник».
* Присоединение Средней Азии.
* Русский ситец как высшее достижение отечественной лёгкой промышленности.
* Василий Верещагин — художник протеста.
Vladimir Lenin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Vladimir Lenin
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (22 April 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known by the alias Lenin, was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924. Under his administration, Russia and then the wider Soviet Union became a one-party communist state governed by the Russian Communist Party. Ideologically a Marxist, he developed political theories known as Leninism.
Born to a wealthy middle-class family in Simbirsk, Lenin embraced revolutionary socialist politics following his brother's 1887 execution. Expelled from Kazan Imperial University for participating in protests against the Russian Empire's Tsarist government, he devoted the following years to a law degree. He moved to Saint Petersburg in 1893 and became a senior Marxist activist. In 1897, he was arrested for sedition and exiled to Shushenskoye for three years, where he married Nadezhda Krupskaya. After his exile, he moved to Western Europe, where he became a prominent theorist in the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). In 1903, he took a key role in a RSDLP ideological split, leading the Bolshevik faction against Julius Martov's Mensheviks. Encouraging insurrection during Russia's failed Revolution of 1905, he later campaigned for the First World War to be transformed into a Europe-wide proletarian revolution, which as a Marxist he believed would cause the overthrow of capitalism and its replacement with socialism. After the 1917 February Revolution ousted the Tsar and established a Provisional Government, he returned to Russia to play a leading role in the October Revolution, in which the Bolsheviks overthrew the new regime.
Lenin's Bolshevik government initially shared power with the Left Socialist Revolutionaries, elected soviets, and a multi-party Constituent Assembly, although by 1918 it had centralised power in the new Communist Party. Lenin's administration redistributed land among the peasantry and nationalised banks and large-scale industry. It withdrew from the First World War by signing a treaty with the Central Powers and promoted world revolution through the Communist International. Opponents were suppressed in the Red Terror, a violent campaign administered by the state security services; tens of thousands were killed or interned in concentration camps. His administration defeated right and left-wing anti-Bolshevik armies in the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1922 and oversaw the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921. Responding to wartime devastation, famine, and popular uprisings, in 1921 Lenin encouraged economic growth through the market-oriented New Economic Policy. Several non-Russian nations secured independence after 1917, but three re-united with Russia through the formation of the Soviet Union in 1922. In increasingly poor health, Lenin died at his dacha in Gorki, with Joseph Stalin succeeding him as the pre-eminent figure in the Soviet government.
Widely considered one of the most significant and influential figures of the 20th century, Lenin was the posthumous subject of a pervasive personality cult within the Soviet Union until its dissolution in 1991. He became an ideological figurehead behind Marxism–Leninism and thus a prominent influence over the international communist movement. A controversial and highly divisive individual, Lenin is viewed by supporters as a champion of socialism and the working class, while critics on both the left and right emphasize his role as founder and leader of an authoritarian regime responsible for political repression and mass killings.