May 8, 2018 City Council Meeting
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Andalusia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:32 1 Name
00:07:53 2 Symbols
00:12:18 3 Geography
00:13:00 3.1 Location
00:13:48 3.2 Climate
00:18:32 3.3 Terrain
00:21:11 3.4 Hydrography
00:22:54 3.5 Soils
00:24:53 3.6 Flora
00:27:31 3.7 Fauna
00:30:19 3.8 Protected areas
00:32:27 4 History
00:34:13 4.1 Carthaginians and Romans
00:35:10 4.2 Vandals, Visigoths and the Byzantine Empire
00:36:10 4.3 Al-Andalus
00:40:56 4.4 Kingdom of Castile
00:42:32 4.5 Early modern era
00:45:02 4.6 Francoist oppressions
00:46:29 5 Government and politics
00:50:40 5.1 Andalusian Autonomous Government
00:53:42 5.2 Judicial power
00:54:22 6 Administrative divisions
00:54:32 6.1 Provinces
00:55:19 6.2 Comarcas and mancomunidades
00:56:32 6.3 Municipalities and local entities
00:58:54 6.4 Main cities
00:59:02 7 Demographics
00:59:50 7.1 Population change
01:01:34 7.2 Structure
01:02:54 7.3 Immigration
01:04:14 8 Economy
01:05:13 8.1 Primary sector
01:06:16 8.1.1 Agriculture, husbandry, hunting, and forestry
01:10:56 8.1.2 Fishing
01:12:26 8.1.3 Mining
01:13:23 8.2 Secondary sector: industry
01:15:23 8.3 Tertiary sector: services
01:17:07 8.3.1 Tourism in Andalusia
01:22:32 8.3.1.1 Monuments and features
01:22:41 8.4 Unemployment
01:22:59 9 Infrastructure
01:23:08 9.1 Transport
01:28:00 9.2 Energy infrastructure
01:30:02 9.3 Education
01:31:09 9.4 Healthcare
01:31:44 9.5 Science and technology
01:33:24 10 Media
01:34:14 10.1 Newspapers
01:35:31 10.2 Public television
01:36:20 10.3 Radio
01:36:59 11 Art and culture
01:39:14 11.1 Arts
01:40:13 11.1.1 Architecture
01:44:06 11.1.2 Sculpture
01:45:34 11.1.3 Painting
01:47:01 11.2 Literature and philosophy
01:50:49 11.3 Music of Andalusia
01:53:29 11.4 Film
01:56:01 11.5 Culture
01:56:10 11.5.1 Customs and society
01:59:11 11.5.2 Andalusian Spanish
01:59:57 11.5.3 Religion
02:01:54 11.5.4 Bullfighting
02:02:57 11.5.5 Festivals
02:04:35 11.5.6 Cuisine
02:08:32 11.5.7 Other traditions
02:10:32 12 Sports
02:10:41 12.1 Team sports
02:13:14 12.2 Olympics
02:15:19 12.3 Other sports
02:16:06 13 Twinning and covenants
02:16:30 14 Image gallery
02:16:40 15 See also
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- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Andalusia (UK: , US: ; Spanish: Andalucía [andaluˈθi.a]; Portuguese: Andaluzia) is an autonomous community in southern Spain. It is the most populous, and the second largest autonomous community in the country. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a historical nationality. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga and Seville. Its capital is the city of Seville.
Andalusia is located in the south of the Iberian peninsula, in southwestern Europe, immediately south of the autonomous communities of Extremadura and Castilla-La Mancha; west of the autonomous community of Murcia and the Mediterranean Sea; east of Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean; and north of the Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar. Andalusia is the only European region with both Mediterranean and Atlantic coastlines. The small British overseas territory of Gibraltar shares a three-quarter-mile land border with the Andalusian province of Cádiz at the eastern end of the Strait of Gibraltar.
The main mountain ranges of Andalusia are the Sierra Morena and the Baetic System, consisting of the Subbaetic and Penibaetic Mountains, separated by the Intrabaetic Basin. In the north, the Sierra Morena separates Andalusia from the plains of Extremadura and Castile–La Mancha on Spain's Meseta Central. To the south the geographic subregion of Upper Andalusia lies mostly within the Baetic System, while Lower Andalusia is in the Baetic Depression of the valley of the Guadalquivir.The name Andalusia is derived from the Arabic word Al-Andalus (الأندلس). The toponym al-Andalus is first att ...
Andalusia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Andalusia
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Andalusia (; Spanish: Andalucía [andaluˈθi.a]; Portuguese: Andaluzia) is an autonomous community in southern Spain. It is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities in the country. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a historical nationality. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga and Seville. Its capital is the city of Seville (Spanish: Sevilla).
Andalusia is located in a privileged area in the south of the Iberian peninsula, in south-western Europe, immediately south of the autonomous communities of Extremadura and Castilla-La Mancha; west of the autonomous community of Murcia and the Mediterranean Sea; east of Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean; and north of the Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar. Andalusia is the only European region with both Mediterranean and Atlantic coastlines. The small British overseas territory of Gibraltar shares a three-quarter-mile land border with the Andalusian province of Cádiz at the eastern end of the Strait of Gibraltar.
The main mountain ranges of Andalusia are the Sierra Morena and the Baetic System, consisting of the Subbaetic and Penibaetic Mountains, separated by the Intrabaetic Basin. In the north, the Sierra Morena separates Andalusia from the plains of Extremadura and Castile–La Mancha on Spain's Meseta Central. To the south the geographic subregion of Upper Andalusia lies mostly within the Baetic System, while Lower Andalusia is in the Baetic Depression of the valley of the Guadalquivir.The name Andalusia is derived from the Arabic word Al-Andalus (الأندلس). The toponym al-Andalus is first attested by inscriptions on coins minted in 716 by the new Muslim government of Iberia. These coins, called dinars, were inscribed in both Latin and Arabic. The etymology of the name al-Andalus has traditionally been derived from the name of the Vandals; however, a number of proposals since the 1980s have challenged this contention. Halm in 1989 derived the name from a Gothic term, *landahlauts,
and in 2002, Bossong suggested its derivation from a pre-Roman substrate. The region's history and culture have been influenced by the native Iberians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Vandals, Visigoths, Byzantines,
Jews, Romani, Muslim Moors and the Castilian and other Christian North Iberian nationalities who reconquered and settled the area in the latter phases of the Reconquista.
Andalusia has been a traditionally agricultural region, compared to the rest of Spain and the rest of Europe. However, the growth of the community especially in the sectors of industry and services was above average in Spain and higher than many communities in the Eurozone. The region has a rich culture and a strong identity. Many cultural phenomena that are seen internationally as distinctively Spanish are largely or entirely Andalusian in origin. These include flamenco and, to a lesser extent, bullfighting and Hispano-Moorish architectural styles, both of which are also prevalent in other regions of Spain.
Andalusia's hinterland is the hottest area of Europe, with cities like Córdoba and Seville averaging above 36 °C (97 °F) in summer high temperatures. Late evening temperatures can sometimes stay around 35 °C (95 °F) until close to midnight, with daytime highs of over 40 °C (104 °F) common. Seville also has the highest average annual temperature in mainland Spain and mainland Europe (19.2 °C), closely followed by Almería (19.1 °C).