The National for April 25, 2019 — Doctor Shortages, Ottawa’s Facebook Fight, Eastern Floods
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Czech Republic | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Czech Republic
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The Czech Republic ( ( listen); Czech: Česká republika [ˈtʃɛskaː ˈrɛpublɪka] ( listen)), also known by its short-form name, Czechia ( ( listen); Czech: Česko [ˈtʃɛsko] ( listen)), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of 78,866 square kilometres (30,450 sq mi) with a mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, with 10.6 million inhabitants; its capital and largest city is Prague, with 1.3 million residents. Other major cities are Brno, Ostrava and Pilsen. The Czech Republic is a member of the European Union (EU), NATO, the OECD, the United Nations, the OSCE, and the Council of Europe.
It is a developed country with an advanced, high income export-oriented social market economy based in services, manufacturing and innovation. The UNDP ranks the country 14th in inequality-adjusted human development. The Czech Republic is a welfare state with a continental European social model, a universal health care system, tuition-free university education an is ranked 14th in the Human Capital Index. It ranks as the 6th safest or most peaceful country and is one of the most non-religious countries in the world, while achieving strong performance in democratic governance.
The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia. The Czech state was formed in the late 9th century as the Duchy of Bohemia under the Great Moravian Empire. After the fall of the Empire in 907, the centre of power transferred from Moravia to Bohemia under the Přemyslid dynasty. In 1002, the duchy was formally recognized as part of the Holy Roman Empire, becoming the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1198 and reaching its greatest territorial extent in the 14th century. Besides Bohemia itself, the king of Bohemia ruled the lands of the Bohemian Crown, he had a vote in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor, and Prague was the imperial seat in periods between the 14th and 17th century. In the Hussite Wars of the 15th century driven by the Protestant Bohemian Reformation, the kingdom faced economic embargoes and defeated five consecutive crusades proclaimed by the leaders of the Catholic Church.
Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the whole Crown of Bohemia was gradually integrated into the Habsburg Monarchy alongside the Archduchy of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. The Protestant Bohemian Revolt (1618–20) against the Catholic Habsburgs led to the Thirty Years' War. After the Battle of the White Mountain, the Habsburgs consolidated their rule, eradicated Protestantism and reimposed Catholicism, and also adopted a policy of gradual Germanization. This contributed to the anti-Habsburg sentiment. A long history of resentment of the Catholic Church followed and still continues. With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the Bohemian Kingdom became part of the Austrian Empire and the Czech language experienced a revival as a consequence of widespread romantic nationalism. In the 19th century, the Czech lands became the industrial powerhouse of the monarchy and were subsequently the core of the Republic of Czechoslovakia, which was formed in 1918 following the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after World War I.
Czechoslovakia remained the only democracy in this part of Europe in the interwar period. However, the Czech part of Czechoslovakia was occupied by Germany in World War II, while the Slovak region became the Slovak Republic; Czechoslovakia was liberated in 1945 by the armies of the Soviet Union and the United States. The Czech country lost the majority of its German-speaking inhabitants after they were expelled following the war. The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia won the 1946 elections and after the 1948 coup d'état, Czechoslovakia became a one-party communist state under Soviet influence. In 19 ...
Dr. Peter David Beter - Audio Letter 35: Western Civilization; Secret Rulers; Kremlin June 30, 1978
Dr. Peter David Beter - Audio Letter 35 - June 30, 1978
Text:
MP3:
(1) The breakdown and disintegration of Western Civilization
(2) The kamikaze plans of America's secret rulers
(3) The Kremlin plans for the Interplanetary Russian Empire
Hello, my friends, this is Dr. Beter. Today is June 30, 1978,
and this is my Audioletter No. 35.
The issues that will determine the fate of Western
Civilization were laid before the world earlier this month. It
happened in two Commencement speeches on the 7th and 8th of June.
One speaker diagnosed the decisive challenge now confronting the
West. The other speaker dealt with our response to that
challenge.
The challenge to the West was set forth on June 8 by Alexander
Solzhenitsyn, the exiled Russian author, in his speech at Harvard
University in Cambridge, Mass. Pointing to the decline in
courage that typifies Western leaders today, he reminded his
listeners that from ancient times decline in courage has been
considered the beginning of the end. Considering the cause of
our deterioration, he said: How did the West decline from its
triumphal march to its present sickness? The mistake must be at
the root, at the very basis of human thinking in the past
centuries. And Solzhenitsyn identifies this deadly mistake as
the perversion of our governing and social systems away from
their original spiritual base. For example, speaking of the
birth of the United States, he said: All individual human rights
were granted because man is God's creature. That is, freedom was
given to the individual conditionally, in the assumption of his
constant religious responsibility. Subsequently, however, all
such limitations were discarded everywhere in the West.
And so, according to Solzhenitsyn, we have put MAN in a
position that should be reserved for God alone. Human rights and
freedoms have come to be viewed as absolutes in and of
themselves, and man and his material needs come first above all
else. In other words, my friends, the choice before us is
MATERIALISM or SPIRITUALITY. The challenge facing the West is to
restore spirituality to our entire way of life, otherwise the end
is in sight!
On June 7, the day before Solzhenitsyn spoke at Harvard, Jimmy
Carter spoke to the graduating class of the United States Naval
Academy at Annapolis, Maryland. The audience in Cambridge had
yet to hear of the Challenge to the West from the famous Russian
exile. But the audience at Annapolis got a taste of the response
to this challenge from the President of the United States. Today
it is the United States that is the custodian of Western
Civilization; and as the alleged leader of the Western world,
Jimmy Carter bears a unique responsibility to speak the truth and
do so with wisdom and authority. He is also the only Western
leader of today who has deliberately made his religious practices
a conspicuous part of his public image. Yet you will search the
Carter speech at Annapolis in vain for any trace of recognition
of the Spiritual Challenge that Solzhenitsyn highlighted so
clearly. Just the opposite, in fact.
Jimmy Carter praised the United States' philosophy as based
on personal freedom, the most powerful of all ideas; and the
underlying theme of the Carter speech was that the Soviet Union
must choose confrontation or cooperation. These words are
nothing more than a part of the propaganda barrage now under way
to condition the American public for war--a war that Western
Civilization is unlikely to survive.
Solzhenitsyn's words had the ring of truth because they are
true. But because he dared to speak in spiritual terms, he is
being attacked on all sides of the major media. Those who are
attacking Solzhenitsyn now are the very same forces of evil who,
a quarter-century ago, attacked the late great British historian
Arnold Toynbee. Toynbee, of course, wrote the monumental work
entitled A Study of History. [...]
Christmas worldwide | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:16 1 Geographical variation
00:01:27 1.1 Africa
00:01:35 1.1.1 Ethiopia and Eritrea
00:03:18 1.1.2 Nigeria
00:06:05 1.1.3 South Africa
00:07:31 1.2 Asia
00:07:39 1.2.1 East Asia
00:07:48 1.2.1.1 China
00:09:07 1.2.1.1.1 Hong Kong
00:09:40 1.2.1.1.2 Macau
00:10:14 1.2.1.2 Japan
00:13:07 1.2.1.3 South Korea
00:13:32 1.2.2 South Asia
00:13:41 1.2.2.1 India
00:15:03 1.2.2.2 Pakistan
00:16:19 1.2.3 Southeast Asia
00:16:28 1.2.3.1 Brunei
00:17:19 1.2.3.2 Indonesia
00:19:24 1.2.3.3 Malaysia
00:20:17 1.2.3.4 Philippines
00:25:49 1.2.3.5 Singapore
00:27:07 1.2.3.6 Vietnam
00:28:10 1.2.4 Southwest Asia – Eastern Mediterranean
00:28:21 1.2.4.1 Armenia
00:32:09 1.2.4.2 Assyrians
00:35:25 1.2.4.3 Lebanon
00:36:29 1.3 The Americas
00:36:38 1.3.1 North America
00:37:15 1.3.1.1 Canada
00:40:37 1.3.1.2 Mexico
00:42:46 1.3.1.3 United States
00:49:39 1.3.2 Central America
00:49:48 1.3.2.1 El Salvador
00:51:26 1.3.2.2 Guatemala
00:51:50 1.3.3 South America
00:51:59 1.3.3.1 Brazil
00:54:56 1.3.3.2 Colombia
01:00:34 1.3.3.3 Venezuela
01:02:59 1.3.4 Caribbean
01:03:07 1.3.4.1 Bahamas
01:03:53 1.3.4.2 Cuba
01:04:43 1.3.4.3 Jamaica
01:06:29 1.4 Europe
01:06:38 1.4.1 Central Europe
01:10:19 1.4.1.1 Austria and Germany
01:12:36 1.4.1.1.1 Austria
01:14:59 1.4.1.1.2 Germany
01:21:05 1.4.1.2 Czech Republic and Slovakia
01:23:53 1.4.1.3 Hungary
01:26:19 1.4.1.4 Poland
01:32:09 1.4.1.5 Romania and Moldova
01:34:09 1.4.2 Eastern Europe
01:35:45 1.4.2.1 Georgia
01:37:38 1.4.2.2 Russia
01:39:51 1.4.2.3 Ukraine
01:43:22 1.4.3 Northern Europe
01:44:01 1.4.3.1 Denmark
01:48:22 1.4.3.2 Estonia
01:50:22 1.4.3.3 Finland
01:56:51 1.4.3.4 Iceland
02:00:10 1.4.3.5 Norway
02:03:54 1.4.3.6 Sweden
02:11:42 1.4.4 Southern Europe
02:11:55 1.4.4.1 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia
02:12:04 1.4.4.2 Bulgaria
02:16:47 1.4.4.3 Greece and Cyprus
02:19:08 1.4.4.4 Italy
02:22:33 1.4.4.5 Malta
02:27:58 1.4.4.6 Portugal
02:29:54 1.4.4.7 Serbia and Montenegro
02:31:22 1.4.4.8 Spain
02:38:06 1.4.5 Western Europe
02:41:26 1.4.5.1 France
02:41:35 1.4.5.2 United Kingdom
02:43:39 1.4.5.2.1 Wales
02:52:03 1.4.5.2.2 Scotland
02:52:18 1.4.5.3 Ireland
02:54:31 1.4.5.4 Netherlands and Flanders
02:58:20 1.5 Oceania
03:01:30 1.5.1 Australia
03:01:39 1.5.2 New Zealand
03:03:26 2 References
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7781301557734754
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Christmas traditions vary from country to country. Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, setting out cookies and milk, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ. Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost. The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents. Along with Easter, Christmas is one of the most important periods on the Christian calendar, and is often closely connected to other holidays at this time of year, such as Advent, the Feast of the Immaculate Conception, St Nicholas Day, St. Stephen's Day, New Year's, and the Feast of the Epiphany.
Timeline of Christian missions | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:00:12 1 Apostolic Age
00:01:57 2 Early Christianity
00:05:57 3 Era of the seven Ecumenical Councils
00:16:04 4 Middle Ages
00:19:07 5 1000 to 1499
00:27:30 6 1500 to 1600
00:44:58 7 1600 to 1699
01:03:37 8 1700 to 1799
01:26:16 9 1800 to 1849
01:42:16 10 1850 to 1899
01:59:20 11 1900 to 1949
02:11:58 12 1950 to 1999
02:24:01 13 2000 to present
02:26:46 14 Footnotes
02:26:55 15 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7752023995226462
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
This timeline of Christian missions chronicles the global expansion of Christianity through a listing of the most significant missionary outreach events.
Jesse Helms | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Jesse Helms
00:02:54 1 Childhood and education (1921–1940)
00:05:29 2 Marriage and family
00:05:49 3 Early career (1940–1972)
00:06:31 3.1 Entry into politics
00:08:39 3.2 Capitol Broadcasting Company
00:10:48 3.3 Senate campaign of 1972
00:13:29 4 First Senate term (1973–79)
00:13:41 4.1 Entering the Senate
00:16:19 4.2 Foreign policy
00:18:29 4.3 Nixon resignation
00:20:00 4.4 1976 presidential election
00:24:00 4.5 Torrijos–Carter treaties
00:26:02 4.6 1978 re-election campaign
00:28:31 5 Second Senate term (1979–1985)
00:28:43 5.1 New Senate term
00:31:21 5.2 1980 presidential election
00:33:51 5.3 Republicans take the Senate
00:35:38 5.4 Food stamp program
00:38:17 5.5 Economic policies
00:40:03 5.6 Social issues
00:44:12 5.7 Latin America
00:46:42 5.8 1984 re-election campaign
00:47:57 6 Third Senate term (1985–1991)
00:48:48 6.1 Foreign policy
00:53:54 6.2 HIV legislation
00:56:12 6.3 1990 re-election campaign
00:57:42 7 Fourth Senate term (1991–1997)
00:58:01 7.1 Keating Five investigation
00:59:18 7.2 National Endowment for the Arts
01:01:09 7.3 Remarks re Moseley Braun and Clinton
01:02:55 7.4 Republican majority
01:04:30 7.5 Helms–Burton Act
01:06:37 7.6 1996 re-election campaign
01:07:57 8 Fifth Senate term (1997–2003)
01:08:09 8.1 Weld ambassadorial nomination
01:09:26 8.2 Cuba
01:12:20 8.3 Final Senate years
01:19:31 8.4 Retirement
01:20:26 9 Post-Senate life (2003–2008)
01:21:35 9.1 Death
01:22:14 10 Social and political views
01:22:24 10.1 Views on race
01:25:12 10.2 Views on homosexuality
01:27:58 11 Personal life
01:28:07 11.1 Family
01:28:37 11.2 Religious views
01:30:30 11.3 Awards
01:30:51 11.4 In popular culture
01:31:11 12 Works
01:32:05 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Jesse Alexander Helms Jr. (October 18, 1921 – July 4, 2008) was an American politician and a leader in the conservative movement. He was elected five times as a Republican to the United States Senate from North Carolina. As chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee from 1995 to 2001 he had a major voice in foreign policy. Helms helped organize and fund the conservative resurgence in the 1970s, focusing on Ronald Reagan's quest for the White House as well as helping many local and regional candidates.
Helms was the longest-serving popularly elected Senator in North Carolina's history. He was widely credited with shifting the one-party state into a competitive two-party state. He successfully advocated the movement of conservatives from the Democratic Party – which they deemed too liberal – to the Republican Party. The Helms-controlled National Congressional Club's state-of-the-art direct mail operation raised millions of dollars for Helms and other conservative candidates, allowing Helms to outspend his opponents in most of his campaigns. Helms was the most stridently conservative politician of the post-1960s era, especially in opposition to federal intervention into what he considered state affairs (including legislating integration via the Civil Rights Act and enforcing suffrage through the Voting Rights Act).
Helms was credited by even his most critical opponents with providing excellent constituent services through his Senate office. As long-time chairman of the powerful Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he demanded a staunchly anti-communist foreign policy that would reward America's friends abroad, and punish its enemies. His relations with the State Department were often acrimonious, and he blocked numerous presidential appointees. However, he worked smoothly with Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.In domestic affairs, Helms promoted industrial development in the South, seeking low taxes and few labor unions so as to attract northern and international corporations to relocate to North Carolina. On social issues, Helms was conservative. He was a master obstructionist who relished his nickname, Senator No. He combined cultural, social and economic conserv ...
Methodist | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Methodist
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Methodism (also known as the Methodist movement) is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity which derive their inspiration from the life and teachings of John Wesley. George Whitefield and John's brother Charles Wesley were also significant early leaders in the movement. It originated as a revival movement within the 18th-century Church of England and became a separate denomination after Wesley's death. The movement spread throughout the British Empire, the United States, and beyond because of vigorous missionary work, today claiming approximately 80 million adherents worldwide.Wesley's theology focused on sanctification and the effect of faith on the character of a Christian. Distinguishing Methodist doctrines include the new birth, an assurance of salvation, imparted righteousness, the possibility of perfection in love, the works of piety, and the primacy of Scripture. Most Methodists teach that Jesus Christ, the Son of God, died for all of humanity and that salvation is available for all; in theology, this view is known as Arminianism. This teaching rejects the Calvinist position that God has pre-ordained the salvation of a select group of people. However, Whitefield and several other early leaders of the movement were considered Calvinistic Methodists and held to the Calvinist position. Methodism emphasises charity and support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the works of mercy. These ideals are put into practice by the establishment of hospitals, orphanages, soup kitchens, and schools to follow Christ's command to spread the gospel and serve all people.The movement has a wide variety of forms of worship, ranging from high church to low church in liturgical usage. Denominations that descend from the British Methodist tradition are generally less ritualistic, while American Methodism is more so, the United Methodist Church in particular. Methodism is known for its rich musical tradition, and Charles Wesley was instrumental in writing much of the hymnody of the Methodist Church.Early Methodists were drawn from all levels of society, including the aristocracy, but the Methodist preachers took the message to labourers and criminals who tended to be left outside organised religion at that time. In Britain, the Methodist Church had a major effect in the early decades of the developing working class (1760–1820). In the United States, it became the religion of many slaves who later formed black churches in the Methodist tradition.
Czech Republic | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Czech Republic
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The Czech Republic ( ( listen); Czech: Česká republika [ˈtʃɛskaː ˈrɛpublɪka] ( listen)), also known by its short-form name, Czechia ( ( listen); Czech: Česko [ˈtʃɛsko] ( listen)), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of 78,866 square kilometres (30,450 sq mi) with a mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, with 10.6 million inhabitants; its capital and largest city is Prague, with 1.3 million residents. Other major cities are Brno, Ostrava and Pilsen. The Czech Republic is a member of the European Union (EU), NATO, the OECD, the United Nations, the OSCE, and the Council of Europe.
It is a developed country with an advanced, high income export-oriented social market economy based in services, manufacturing and innovation. The UNDP ranks the country 14th in inequality-adjusted human development. The Czech Republic is a welfare state with a continental European social model, a universal health care system, tuition-free university education an is ranked 14th in the Human Capital Index. It ranks as the 6th safest or most peaceful country and is one of the most non-religious countries in the world, while achieving strong performance in democratic governance.
The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia. The Czech state was formed in the late 9th century as the Duchy of Bohemia under the Great Moravian Empire. After the fall of the Empire in 907, the centre of power transferred from Moravia to Bohemia under the Přemyslid dynasty. In 1002, the duchy was formally recognized as part of the Holy Roman Empire, becoming the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1198 and reaching its greatest territorial extent in the 14th century. Besides Bohemia itself, the king of Bohemia ruled the lands of the Bohemian Crown, he had a vote in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor, and Prague was the imperial seat in periods between the 14th and 17th century. In the Hussite Wars of the 15th century driven by the Protestant Bohemian Reformation, the kingdom faced economic embargoes and defeated five consecutive crusades proclaimed by the leaders of the Catholic Church.
Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the whole Crown of Bohemia was gradually integrated into the Habsburg Monarchy alongside the Archduchy of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. The Protestant Bohemian Revolt (1618–20) against the Catholic Habsburgs led to the Thirty Years' War. After the Battle of the White Mountain, the Habsburgs consolidated their rule, eradicated Protestantism and reimposed Catholicism, and also adopted a policy of gradual Germanization. This contributed to the anti-Habsburg sentiment. A long history of resentment of the Catholic Church followed and still continues. With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the Bohemian Kingdom became part of the Austrian Empire and the Czech language experienced a revival as a consequence of widespread romantic nationalism. In the 19th century, the Czech lands became the industrial powerhouse of the monarchy and were subsequently the core of the Republic of Czechoslovakia, which was formed in 1918 following the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after World War I.
Czechoslovakia remained the only democracy in this part of Europe in the interwar period. However, the Czech part of Czechoslovakia was occupied by Germany in World War II, while the Slovak region became the Slovak Republic; Czechoslovakia was liberated in 1945 by the armies of the Soviet Union and the United States. The Czech country lost the majority of its German-speaking inhabitants after they were expelled following the war. The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia won the 1946 elections and after the 1948 coup d'état, Czechoslovakia became a one-party communist state under Soviet influence. In 19 ...
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Slovakia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Slovakia
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
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while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
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SUMMARY
=======
Slovakia ( ( listen); Slovak: Slovensko [ˈslɔʋɛnskɔ] ( listen)), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovak: Slovenská republika, listen ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's territory spans about 49,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi) and is mostly mountainous. The population is over 5.4 million and consists mostly of Slovaks. The capital and largest city is Bratislava, second largest city is Košice. The official language is Slovak.
The Slavs arrived in the territory of present-day Slovakia in the 5th and 6th centuries. In the 7th century, they played a significant role in the creation of Samo's Empire and in the 9th century established the Principality of Nitra, which was later conquered by the Principality of Moravia to establish Great Moravia. In the 10th century, after the dissolution of Great Moravia, the territory was integrated into the Principality of Hungary, which would become the Kingdom of Hungary in 1000.. In 1241 and 1242, much of the territory was destroyed by the Mongols during their invasion of Central and Eastern Europe. The area was recovered largely thanks to Béla IV of Hungary who also settled Germans which became an important ethnic group in the area, especially in what are today parts of central and eastern Slovakia. After World War I and the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Czechoslovak National Council established Czechoslovakia (1918–1939). A separate (First) Slovak Republic (1939–1945) existed during World War II as a totalitarian, clero-fascist one-party client state of Nazi Germany. At the end of World War II, Czechoslovakia was re-established as an independent country. A coup in 1948 ushered in a totalitarian one-party state under the Communist regime during whose rule the country existed as a satellite of the Soviet Union. Attempts for liberalization of communism in Czechoslovakia culminated in the Prague Spring, which was crushed by the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968. In 1989, the Velvet Revolution ended the Communist rule in Czechoslovakia peacefully. Slovakia became an independent state on 1 January 1993 after the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia, sometimes known as the Velvet Divorce.
Slovakia is a high-income advanced economy with a very high Human Development Index, a very high standard of living and performs favourably in measurements of civil liberties, press freedom, internet freedom, democratic governance and peacefulness. The country maintains a combination of market economy with a comprehensive social security system. Citizens of Slovakia are provided with universal health care, free education and one of the longest paid parental leave in the OECD. The country joined the European Union in 2004 and the Eurozone on 1 January 2009. Slovakia is also a member of the Schengen Area, NATO, the United Nations, the OECD, the WTO, CERN, the OSCE, the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group. Although regional income inequality is high, 90% of citizens own their homes. In 2018, Slovak citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 179 countries and territories, ranking the Slovak passport 10th in the world. Slovakia is the world's largest per-capita car producer with a total of 1,040,000 cars manufactured in the country in 2016 alone and the 7th largest car producer in the European Union. The car industry represents 43% of Slovakia's industrial output, and a quarter of its exports.
City Council - June 14, 2016
City of Niagara Falls Council Meeting for June 14, 2016
Methodists | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Methodists
00:02:22 1 Origins
00:11:45 2 Theology
00:13:20 2.1 Salvation
00:15:25 2.2 Sacraments
00:17:08 2.3 Sources of teaching
00:18:31 3 Worship and liturgy
00:22:15 4 Lifestyle
00:24:25 5 Contemporary Methodism
00:25:32 5.1 Europe
00:26:32 5.1.1 Great Britain
00:30:34 5.1.2 Ireland
00:31:37 5.1.3 Italy
00:32:53 5.1.4 Nordic and Baltic countries
00:33:31 5.1.5 France
00:34:38 5.1.6 Germany
00:36:06 5.1.7 Hungary
00:38:29 5.1.8 Russia
00:40:01 5.2 Caribbean
00:40:50 5.2.1 Antigua
00:42:28 5.2.2 St. Bart's
00:43:12 5.2.3 Jamaica
00:43:48 5.2.4 Barbados
00:45:50 5.3 Africa
00:46:14 5.3.1 Nigeria
00:48:07 5.3.2 Ghana
00:50:42 5.3.3 Southern Africa
00:52:06 5.4 Asia
00:52:14 5.4.1 China
00:55:38 5.4.2 India
00:57:52 5.4.3 Malaysia and Singapore
00:58:35 5.4.4 Philippines
01:01:21 5.4.5 South Korea
01:02:31 5.5 Americas
01:02:39 5.5.1 Brazil
01:03:12 5.5.2 Canada
01:06:13 5.5.3 Mexico
01:07:30 5.5.4 United States
01:15:43 5.6 Oceania
01:15:51 5.6.1 Australia
01:17:58 5.6.2 Fiji
01:18:36 5.6.3 New Zealand
01:19:15 5.6.4 Samoan Islands
01:19:50 5.6.5 Tonga
01:20:23 6 Ecumenical relations
01:26:12 7 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Methodism (also known as the Methodist movement) is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity which derive their inspiration from the life and teachings of John Wesley. George Whitefield and John's brother Charles Wesley were also significant early leaders in the movement. It originated as a revival movement within the 18th-century Church of England and became a separate denomination after Wesley's death. The movement spread throughout the British Empire, the United States, and beyond because of vigorous missionary work, today claiming approximately 80 million adherents worldwide.Wesley's theology focused on sanctification and the effect of faith on the character of a Christian. Distinguishing Methodist doctrines include the new birth, an assurance of salvation, imparted righteousness, the possibility of perfection in love, the works of piety, and the primacy of Scripture. Most Methodists teach that Jesus Christ, the Son of God, died for all of humanity and that salvation is available for all; in theology, this view is known as Arminianism. This teaching rejects the Calvinist position that God has pre-ordained the salvation of a select group of people. However, Whitefield and several other early leaders of the movement were considered Calvinistic Methodists and held to the Calvinist position. Methodism emphasises charity and support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the works of mercy. These ideals are put into practice by the establishment of hospitals, orphanages, soup kitchens, and schools to follow Christ's command to spread the gospel and serve all people.The movement has a wide variety of forms of worship, ranging from high church to low church in liturgical usage. Denominations that descend from the British Methodist tradition are generally less ritualistic, while American Methodism is more so, the United Methodist Church in particular. Methodism is known for its rich musical tradition, and Charles Wesley was instrumental in writing much of the hymnody of the Methodist Church.Early Methodists were drawn from all levels of society, including the aristocracy, but the Methodist preachers took the message to labourers and criminals who tended to be left outside organised religion at that time. In Britain, the Methodist Church had a major effect in the early decades of the developing working class (1760–1820). In the United States, it became the religion of many slaves who later formed black churches in the Methodist tradition.
Yerevan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Yerevan
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
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- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Yerevan (, YE-rə-VAHN; Armenian: Երևան [jɛɾɛˈvɑn] (listen), sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia as well as one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country. It has been the capital since 1918, the fourteenth in the history of Armenia and the seventh located in or around the Ararat plain. The city also serves as the seat of the Araratian Pontifical Diocese; the largest diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church and one of the oldest dioceses in the world.The history of Yerevan dates back to the 8th century BC, with the founding of the fortress of Erebuni in 782 BC by king Argishti I at the western extreme of the Ararat plain. Erebuni was designed as a great administrative and religious centre, a fully royal capital. By the late ancient Armenian Kingdom, new capital cities were established and Yerevan declined in importance. Under Iranian and Russian rule, it was the center of the Erivan Khanate from 1736 to 1828 and the Erivan Governorate from 1850 to 1917, respectively. After World War I, Yerevan became the capital of the First Republic of Armenia as thousands of survivors of the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire arrived in the area. The city expanded rapidly during the 20th century as Armenia became part of the Soviet Union. In a few decades, Yerevan was transformed from a provincial town within the Russian Empire to Armenia's principal cultural, artistic, and industrial center, as well as becoming the seat of national government.
With the growth of the Armenian economy, Yerevan has undergone major transformation. Much construction has been done throughout the city since the early 2000s, and retail outlets such as restaurants, shops, and street cafés, which were rare during Soviet times, have multiplied. As of 2011, the population of Yerevan was 1,060,138, just over 35% of the Republic of Armenia's total population. According to the official estimate of 2016, the current population of the city is 1,073,700. Yerevan was named the 2012 World Book Capital by UNESCO. Yerevan is an associate member of Eurocities.Of the notable landmarks of Yerevan, Erebuni Fortress is considered to be the birthplace of the city, the Katoghike Tsiranavor church is the oldest surviving church of Yerevan and Saint Gregory Cathedral is the largest Armenian cathedral in the world, Tsitsernakaberd is the official memorial to the victims of the Armenian Genocide, and several opera houses, theatres, museums, libraries, and other cultural institutions. Yerevan Opera Theatre is the main spectacle hall of the Armenian capital, the National Gallery of Armenia is the largest art museum in the Republic of Armenia and shares a building with the History Museum of Armenia, and the Matenadaran repository contains one of the largest depositories of ancient books and manuscripts in the world.
History of Europe | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of Europe
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The history of Europe covers the peoples inhabiting Europe from prehistory to the present. During the Neolithic era and the time of the Indo-European migrations Europe saw migrations from east and southeast and the following important cultural and material exchange. The period known as classical antiquity began with the emergence of the city-states of ancient Greece. Later, the Roman Empire came to dominate the entire Mediterranean basin. The fall of the Roman Empire in AD 476 traditionally marks the start of the Middle Ages. Beginning in the 14th century a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology. Simultaneously, the Protestant Reformation set up Protestant churches primarily in Germany, Scandinavia and England. After 1800, the Industrial Revolution brought prosperity to Britain and Western Europe. The main powers set up colonies in most of the Americas and Africa, and parts of Asia. In the 20th century, World War I and World War II resulted in massive numbers of deaths. The Cold War dominated European geo-politics from 1947 to 1989. Unification into a European Union moved forward after 1950, with some setbacks. Today, most countries west of Russia belong to the NATO military alliance, along with the United States and Canada.
Live Cruise Ship Q and A: Viewers Cruise Vacation Bucket List! Which Ship and Itinerary
Live Cruise Ship Q and A: Viewers Cruise Vacation Bucket List! Which Ship and Itinerary If you could go on any cruise ship or itinerary, which one would you choose as a bucket list trip? My viewers tackle this question today.
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Christianity | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Christianity
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religious group based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, also known by Christians as the Christ. It is the world's most populous religious group, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, comprising a majority of the population in about two-thirds of the countries in the world. Its believers affirm that Jesus is the Son of God, the Logos, and the savior of humanity, whose coming as the Messiah (Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament of the Bible, and chronicled in the New Testament. Christianity and its ethics have played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization. Early statements of essential beliefs were the Apostles Creed and Nicene Creed.
Christianity began as a Second Temple Judaic sect, in the 1st century, in the Roman province of Judea. Jesus' apostles and their successors, the Apostolic Fathers, spread it across large parts of the Middle East, Europe, Ethiopia, Transcaucasia and some other parts of Asia, despite initial persecution. Emperor Constantine the Great converted to Christianity and decriminalized it in the Edict of Milan (313), later convening the First Council of Nicaea (325) where Early Christianity was consolidated into what would become the state religion of the Roman Empire (380). The council formulated the Nicene Creed (325), and the Church Fathers supervised the compilation of the Christian Bible (5th century). The period of the first seven ecumenical councils is sometimes referred to as the Great Church, the united communion of the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, and Oriental Orthodoxy before their schisms. Oriental Orthodoxy split after the Council of Chalcedon (451) over differences in Christology, while the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church separated in the East–West Schism (1054), especially over the authority of the Pope. Similarly, Protestantism split in numerous denominations from the Catholic Church in the Protestant Reformation (16th century), over theological and ecclesiological disputes.Christianity was a leading influence on the development of Western civilization in Europe during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Following the Age of Discovery (15th–17th century), Christianity was spread into the Americas, Oceania, Sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world via missionary work and colonization.Today, the four largest branches of Christianity are the Catholic Church (1.3 billion), Protestantism (920 million), the Eastern Orthodox Church (260 million) and Oriental Orthodoxy (86 million), amid various efforts toward ecumenism. Their theology and professions of faith, in addition to the Bible, generally hold in common that Jesus suffered, died, was buried, descended into hell and rose from the dead to grant eternal life to those who believe in him for the forgiveness of their sins. They further maintain that Jesus physically ascended into heaven, where he reigns with God the Father in the unity of the Holy Spirit, and that he will return to judge the living and the dead and grant eternal life to his followers. Christianity remains culturally diverse in its Western and Eastern branches, as well as in its doctrines concerning ecclesiology (church visible/church invisible), ordination (apostolic succession, papal primacy), and Christology (Chalcedonianism/Non-Chalcedonianism).
Roger Scruton | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Roger Scruton
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Sir Roger Vernon Scruton (; born 27 February 1944) is an English philosopher and writer who specialises in aesthetics and political philosophy, particularly in the furtherance of traditionalist conservative views.Editor from 1982 to 2001 of The Salisbury Review, a conservative political journal, Scruton has written over 50 books on philosophy, art, music, politics, literature, culture, sexuality, and religion; he has also written novels and two operas. His most notable publications include The Meaning of Conservatism (1980), Sexual Desire (1986), The Aesthetics of Music (1997), and How to Be a Conservative (2014). He has been a regular contributor to the popular media, including The Times, The Spectator, and the New Statesman.
Scruton embraced conservatism after witnessing the May 1968 student protests in France. From 1971 to 1992 he was a lecturer and professor of aesthetics at Birkbeck College, London, after which he held several part-time academic positions at the University of Oxford, the University of St Andrews, as well as the position of Senior Fellow at the Ethics and Public Policy Center in the United States. He became known in the 1980s for helping to establish underground academic networks in Soviet-controlled Eastern Europe, for which he was awarded the Czech Republic's Medal of Merit (First Class) by President Václav Havel in 1998.Scruton was knighted in the 2016 Birthday Honours for services to philosophy, teaching and public education.
Auburn Coach Wife Kristi Malzahn Agrees with Match & eHarmony: Men are Jerks
My advice is this: Settle! That's right. Don't worry about passion or intense connection. Don't nix a guy based on his annoying habit of yelling Bravo! in movie theaters. Overlook his halitosis or abysmal sense of aesthetics. Because if you want to have the infrastructure in place to have a family, settling is the way to go. Based on my observations, in fact, settling will probably make you happier in the long run, since many of those who marry with great expectations become more disillusioned with each passing year. (It's hard to maintain that level of zing when the conversation morphs into discussions about who's changing the diapers or balancing the checkbook.)
Obviously, I wasn't always an advocate of settling. In fact, it took not settling to make me realize that settling is the better option, and even though settling is a rampant phenomenon, talking about it in a positive light makes people profoundly uncomfortable. Whenever I make the case for settling, people look at me with creased brows of disapproval or frowns of disappointment, the way a child might look at an older sibling who just informed her that Jerry's Kids aren't going to walk, even if you send them money. It's not only politically incorrect to get behind settling, it's downright un-American. Our culture tells us to keep our eyes on the prize (while our mothers, who know better, tell us not to be so picky), and the theme of holding out for true love (whatever that is—look at the divorce rate) permeates our collective mentality.
Even situation comedies, starting in the 1970s with The Mary Tyler Moore Show and going all the way to Friends, feature endearing single women in the dating trenches, and there's supposed to be something romantic and even heroic about their search for true love. Of course, the crucial difference is that, whereas the earlier series begins after Mary has been jilted by her fiancé, the more modern-day Friends opens as Rachel Green leaves her nice-guy orthodontist fiancé at the altar simply because she isn't feeling it. But either way, in episode after episode, as both women continue to be unlucky in love, settling starts to look pretty darn appealing. Mary is supposed to be contentedly independent and fulfilled by her newsroom family, but in fact her life seems lonely. Are we to assume that at the end of the series, Mary, by then in her late 30s, found her soul mate after the lights in the newsroom went out and her work family was disbanded? If her experience was anything like mine or that of my single friends, it's unlikely.
And while Rachel and her supposed soul mate, Ross, finally get together (for the umpteenth time) in the finale of Friends, do we feel confident that she'll be happier with Ross than she would have been had she settled down with Barry, the orthodontist, 10 years earlier? She and Ross have passion but have never had long-term stability, and the fireworks she experiences with him but not with Barry might actually turn out to be a liability, given how many times their relationship has already gone up in flames. It's equally questionable whether Sex and the City's Carrie Bradshaw, who cheated on her kindhearted and generous boyfriend, Aidan, only to end up with the more exciting but self-absorbed Mr. Big, will be better off in the framework of marriage and family. (Some time after the breakup, when Carrie ran into Aidan on the street, he was carrying his infant in a Baby Björn. Can anyone imagine Mr. Big walking around with a Björn?)