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Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)

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Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Stalin's Summer Residence (Museum Of USSR History)
Phone:
+7 862 297-05-02

Address:
Doroga Na Bol'shoy Akhun Ulitsa, 11, Sochi, Krasnodarskiy kray, Russia, 354039

Joseph Stalin was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953. In the years following the death of Vladimir Lenin in 1924, Stalin rose to become the leader of the Soviet Union. After growing up in Georgia, Stalin conducted discreet activities for the Bolshevik Party for twelve years before the Russian Revolution of 1917. Following the October Revolution, Stalin took military positions in the Russian Civil War and the Polish-Soviet War. Stalin was one of the Bolsheviks' chief operatives in the Caucasus and grew close to Lenin, who saw him as a tough character, and a loyal follower capable of getting things done behind the scenes. Stalin played a decisive role in engineering the 1921 Red Army invasion of Georgia, adopting a particularly hardline approach to opposition. Stalin's connections helped him to gain influential positions behind the scenes in the Soviet-Russian government. At the Bolshevik Party's 11th congress, it was decided to expand the party's Central Committee. Due to the expansion, a secretariat became a necessity. Stalin was appointed head of this new office on the 3rd of April 1922. From that date until his death, Stalin's formal title was General Secretary. The office was not intended to be as powerful as Stalin over time would be. The office grew with Stalin, not the other way around. After a brief disappointment of not be given a heavy ministerial post, Stalin soon learned how to use his new office in order to gain advantages towards other key persons within the Bolshevik Party. An example of benefits he received through his new office was to prepare the agenda for the Politburo meetings. It was also the General Secretary who appointed new local party leaders.Only a few weeks thereafter, a stroke forced Lenin into semi-retirement. Lenin never fully recovered and passed away in January 1924. Lenin spend most of his remaining life resting at a countryside Dacha. But he received messages and political visitors, and between the autumn of 1922 and spring of 1923 he resumed his party leadership in Moscow. As late as in October 1922 Lenin expressed his unreserved support for the General Secretary and for his work with a new constitution. But soon thereafter, and having learned that a number of matters related to brutality, abuse of power and rising internal party struggles had occurred during his absence, Lenin's faith in Stalin faded. Further, a report on the situation in Georgia from the head of the security police GPU, Felix Dzerzhinsky, mentioned that violent atrocity had been done in the name of the party by Sergo Ordzhonikidze and associated people. All of this caused a growing suspicion on Stalin. In December 1922 and early January 1923, Lenin dictated a political will. The historical author who already in 1949 revealed Stalin's terror, Isaac Deutscher, describes Lenin's will as The whole testament breathed uncertainty. It contains some hard criticism on Stalin, but it accuses Trotsky even sharper, and expresses mainly a fear of a future fragmentation of the party. After Lenin's death, a struggle for power began. Here Stalin, through his office as General Secretary of the Central Committee could use the antagonism that already existed within the Bolshevik Party's leading. This included the Bolshevik Party's supreme organ, the Politburo, but was not limited to it. Also several People's Commissars were involved in the party's internal personal as well as political struggles. Of the party's most well-known names, Sergei Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev represented the intellectual left wing whilst Nikolai Bukharin, Mikhail Tomsky and Alexei Rykov represented the trade unionist right wing. But the most prominent Bolshevik after Lenin's death was Leo Trotsky, who more or less completely comprised a group of his own. None of these persons would survive Stalin or die naturally.Soon after Lenin's death, Stalin joined Zinoviev and Kamenev in a Politburo Triumvirate. By 1924 they had one important thing in common, to get rid of the troublesome Trotsky. But this was no easy task. Trotsky was after all the creator of the Red Army and had played a huge role during the October revolution and was intellectually and as orator superior to Stalin. Here Stalin found his countermeasures in Zinoviev and Kamenev, and by letting them fight Trotsky, Stalin could appear as The Golden Centre Man. There are more than one theory on the Stalin vs Trotsky hostility, and when it began. But a huge political divider became Stalin's idea of Socialism in one country vs Trotsky's Ever ongoing revolution. Stalin's idea, was in the mid 1920's actually revolutionary in itself. The entire Bolshevik concept had been to begin at home, in Russia. And then export the revolution to the West. By 1925 it had become apparent that all revolutionary movements in Germany and elsewhere had failed. In Italy had even a counter socialistic movement, Fascism, come to power. From these perspectives did not that few Bolsheviks suddenly see Stalin's idea as sound when compared to Trotsky's. Trotsky was first removed as Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs , removed from the Politburo , removed from the Central Committee , expelled from the Communist Party , exiled to Alma–Ata in Kazakhstan , and exiled from the Soviet Union . But Stalin had canceled the cooperation with Zinoviev and Kamenev a long time before Trotsky's final decline. He slowly but steadily desired to get rid of his two former Triumvirate-companions. During this phase, Stalin instead joined forces with the right of the Bolshevik Party. Together with Bukharin, Tomsky and Rykov , Stalin could now rather easily send Zinoviev and Kamenev to Gulag , and by 1929 also Bukharin, Tomsky and Rykov found themselves played by Stalin. All struggles for power was over. Stalin was now the autocratic ruler of the entire Soviet Union. Millions of Russians and people of other ethnic origin inside the Soviet Union had been killed during the Russian Civil War, through starvation and in other conflicts, but the bloodbath had thus far not reached within the Bolshevik Party. Not even by 1929 did Stalin think of having Trotsky or any other possible political opponent killed. But those days would arrive. Stalin was a decent socialist author, could make speeches in front of smaller crowds . His strength lied in listening and a firm belief in Silence is Golden; he never expressed his honest and deepest thoughts and motives to anyone known.
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