Lambert Segura - Struve Geodetic Arc
Lambert Segura - Struve Geodetic Arc
An infographic for the promotion and conservation of Struve Geodetic Arc.
Presented 2nd November 2018 (revised 6th January)
Glasgow School of Art - IxD year 3, Graphic Narratives project
UNESCO has (unofficially) commissioned an inter-country cooperation for the planning, opening and promotion of the Struve Geodetic Arc - World Heritage Trail. This trail runs from Fuglenes (Hammerfest, Finnmark) in Norway to Stara Nekrasivka (Nekrasivka, Odessa region) in Ukraine, for 2820km, along the 26th meridian east. It goes through 34 (of the 265) protected landmarks used as station points by Friedrich von Struve for its triangulation. One of the highlight of this trail is Tartu Old Observatory (in Estonia) where Struve started to conduct his research.
To make its promotion, it is ask to produce a short infographic, targeted to Adult trail walker, interested into science and world heritage.
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Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve was a German-Russian astronomer and geodesist from the nineteenth century. Professor and Director of the Tartu Observatory in Estonia, he is best known for his observations and studies on double stars and his interest in geodetic surveying.
Aged twenty-three and determined to measure the exact size and shape of the earth, he started surveying along the twenty-sixth east meridian, also named Tartu Meridian.
For almost forty years, Struve used triangulation to accurately measure a long segment of the meridian, stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea in Ukraine.
The Cambridge dictionary says that triangulation is: « the division of a map (or plan) into triangles for measurement purposes, or the calculation of positions and distances using this method. »
Struve used a total of 258 main triangles, with 265 different station points. UNESCO has classified 34 of these station points as world heritage. These station points take different forms such as small holes drilled in rock surfaces and sometimes filled with lead; cross-shaped engraved marks on rock surfaces; solid stone or brick with a marker inset; rock structures like cairns, with a central stone or brick marked by a drilled hole; buildings such as an astronomical observatory or the bell tower of a church; as well as monuments built on purpose to commemorate the station point and the arc.
According to UNESCO, a World Heritage site has an Outstanding Universal Value, either through its cultural or its natural features. Of ten ‘World Heritage criteria’, UNESCO retained three:
- Struve’s work represents a major step in modern geography
- by showcasing immovable and intangible station points, the site is an outstanding technological achievement
- it reflects key universal questions about the shape and size of the earth.
Struve Geodetic Arc is one of the first astronomical sites to be recognised as World Heritage. Also, it shows how intangible heritage can be preserved, a fundamental question in heritage conservation. It is also a symbol of international collaboration in science and heritage conservation.
It was nominated for World Heritage by ten countries. This means that all these countries choose to preserve this site together for present and future generations.
To protect and promote this major testimony to science, a trail spanning the station points through the 10 countries could be created: this trail would allow people to discover Struve’s work and to immerse themselves in the different cultures along the way.
Indeed, education, sustainable development and diversity are main goals of UNESCO’s World Heritage concept.
Struve Geodetic Arc - UNESCO World Heritage Site
The Struve Geodetic Arc is one of the most unusual UNESCO World Heritage sites that we've visited! It's part of a geographic survey line that stretches 4000km across 10 countries, from the northern tip of Norway to the Black Sea in Ukraine. It's from the early 19th century, when surveyor Wilhelm von Struve was tasked by the Russian Tsar with figuring out the precise size and shape of the earth. And as you'll see - he was very close!
For more Norwegian World Heritage sites:
For more scientific World Heritage sites:
Stevns Klint:
Gorham's Cave Complex:
Messel Pit Fossil Site:
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The Struve Geodetic Arc Ivacevichi
Struve Geodetic Arc
It is a concept that started in the year 1816 and was carried out by an astronomer by the name of Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve. During the time of Struve’s existence, the distance between two points was measured by measuring poles.
However in order to accomplish the goal that Friedrich von Struve had envisioned - calculating the size of the earth - measuring poles would not be sufficient. To do this a more sophisticated tool would be needed.
Before long the Struve Geodetic Arc was created to do just that. The Struve Arc only ran through two counties, namely Russia and Sweden-Norway. But his surveys, that took place between the years of 1816 and 1855, calculated the very first measurement of a part of the meridian with staggering accuracy. It was the start of topographic mapping and a growing interest in earth sciences. The Struve Arc is a survey triangulation chain which has assisted scientists to map out certain areas and regions of their countries. The Struve Geodetic Arc is currently a joint venture between scientists of various countries who work together in the name of science. Today the Struve Arc survey chain runs through ten countries, namely Norway, Sweden, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Latvia, Belarus, Ukraine, Finland and Estonia, and stretches from Hammerfest (Norway) to the Ukrainian Black Sea.
【K】Estonia Travel-Tartu[에스토니아 여행-타르투]19세기 천문대/Observatory/Telescope/Struve
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[한국어 정보]
자정이 다 된 시간. 난 타르투 천문대를 찾았다. 1824년, 세계적인 천문학자 스트루베의 감독 하에 만들어진 이 천문대는 천문학의 역사를 새롭게 써 간 기념비적인 장소라고 한다. 19세기 당시 세계 최대였던 이 망원경으로 스트루베는 수많은 별을 관측하고 찾아냈다. 오늘이 토성을 볼 수 있는 좋은 기회라는 말에 관측대로 올라갔다. 스트루베가 쓰던 것과 거의 똑같은 망원경이 나를 기다리고 있었다. 관측대는 여전히 19세기 그대로다. 사람의 손이 닿자 검푸른 하늘이 별을 가득 품고 모습을 드러낸다. 천문학자의 익숙한 손놀림에 100살도 더 먹은 망원경이 다시 눈을 뜬다. “지금도 이 망원경으로 어렵지 않게 별을 볼 수 있는데요, 혹성들과 달, 목성, 금성 등을 주로 보고요, 가끔 혜성도 관찰할 수 있어요.” 과연 토성을 볼 수 있을까? 그러나 짙게 드리운 구름은 끝내 토성을 내어주지 않았다.
[English: Google Translator]
This is the time to midnight. I found the Tartu Observatory. In 1824, the observatory was created under the supervision of world-class astronomer host Roubaix is called a monumental place between newly written the history of astronomy. 19th Century at the time was the world's largest telescope in the text Roubaix is observed and found a number of stars. Today went up, as observed at the end of a good opportunity to see Saturn. Almost the same telescope as the host Roubaix sseudeon was waiting for me. Gwancheukdae the 19th century are still intact. Man's hand touched the dark blue sky look reveals the harbor full of stars. The astronomers 100 years old are more familiar with her hands eaten telescope opens his eyes again. I'm still not difficult to see the stars with a telescope, the planet and the Moon, Jupiter, Venus, etc. mainly bogoyo, sometimes I can also observe the comet. Can I really see Saturn? However, densely valance clouds did not finish taking the Saturn.
[Estonian: Google Translator]
See on aeg keskööd. Leidsin Tartu Observatoorium. 1824. observatooriumi loodi järelevalve all maailmatasemel astronoom host Roubaix nimetatakse monumentaalne vahel äsja kirjutatud ajalugu astronoomia. 19. sajandi ajal oli maailma suurim teleskoop teksti Roubaix on täheldatud ja leitud tärnide arvule. Täna läks, nagu märkis lõpus hea võimalus näha Saturn. Peaaegu sama teleskoobiga kui vastuvõtva Roubaix sseudeon ootas mind. Gwancheukdae 19. sajandil on veel puutumata. Mehe käsi puudutanud tumesinine taevas pilk näitab sadam täis tähti.Astronoomid 100 aastat vana on rohkem kursis kätega süüakse teleskoop avab ta silmad uuesti. Ma olen ikka veel raske näha tähti teleskoop, planeedi ja Kuu, Jupiter, Veenus, jms peamiselt bogoyo, mõnikord võin ka jälgida komeet. Kas ma tõesti näha Saturn? Kuid tiheda Kappa pilved ei lõpetanud võttes Saturn.
[Information]
■클립명: 유럽109-에스토니아01-16 19세기 천문대/Observatory/Telescope/Struve
■여행, 촬영, 편집, 원고: 박현민 PD (travel, filming, editing, writing: KBS TV Producer)
■촬영일자: 2008년 6월 June
[Keywords]
,유럽,Europe,유럽,에스토니아,Estonia,Eesti Vabariik,Eesti,박현민,2008,6월 June,타르투 주,Tartu County,Tartu Maakond,Tartu
Friedrich Greorg Wilhelm von Struve Tartu tähetorn
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