Summer Garden, St Petersburg Russia
White Nights Travel organises shore excursions in St Petersburg. Our St Petersburg guides will show you the most popular attractions in St Petersburg, such as: the Hermitage museum, Amber room, Peterhof fountains, Nevsky prospect and others.
Летний сад, Ленинград / Summer Gardens, Leningrad 1971
Летний сад, Ленинград
Summer Gardens, Leningrad 1971
Here I present a series of photographs of the Summer Gardens in St. Petersburg taken in 1971.
The Summer Garden is located where the Fontanka River flows out of the Neva River. It was founded in 1704 by order of Peter the Great, who was personally involved in planning it, and is laid out according to strict geometrical principles. The Summer Garden is home to marble statues acquired from Europe especially for Russia's new capital, and also to rare flowers and plants, as well as fountains. It was a traditional location for courtly life outside the palace, and balls were held here by the nobility, who also enjoyed simply taking the air in the Garden.
Peter the Great's Summer Palace part 1 彼得大帝夏宮 - 1 day 9 - 6 ( Russia )
2009.08.17彼得大帝夏宮(Peter the Great's Summer Palace)位於芬蘭灣南岸的森林中，距聖彼得堡市約30公里，佔地近千公頃，是歷代俄國沙皇的郊外離宮。夏宮是聖彼得堡的早期建築。18世紀初，俄國沙皇彼得大帝下令興建夏宮，其外貌簡樸莊重，內部裝飾華貴。當時的許多大型舞會、宮廷慶典等活動都在這裡舉行，彼得大帝生前每年必來此度夏。
2018俄波波～ 8/26 聖彼得堡‧彼得夏宮
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離開了聖彼得堡冬宮，我們立即前往另一個讓人驚豔的彼得夏宮，彼得夏宮，由彼得大帝於西元1709年建立的，彼得大帝並要求此地成為一座可比擬凡爾賽宮宮殿，以噴泉聞名，因為其地下水供應充沛，最華麗的是夏宮大殿，門口的噴泉瀑布景緻十分狀觀，中央最大的水柱是參孫徒手撕開獅子嘴噴泉，是為了紀念俄羅斯在波爾塔瓦打敗瑞典而建...
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2017 Peterhof Palace （圣彼得堡－夏宫）
聖彼得堡夏宮(Letny Sad, leny Dvorets).flv
坐落於芬蘭灣旁的彼得夏宮，不但展現宮殿建築、花園造景等靜態的藝術成就，更強調卓越的水利工程技術，建造之初規劃複雜的地下水管線路而造就數十座噴泉，成為這裡最特別的景觀。
1709年彼得大帝對瑞典的戰爭勝利之後，他決定建造一座龐大的宮殿來犒賞自己，並炫耀戰爭的成果。從1714年到1723年之間，他聘請了超過5000個勞工、軍人來施工，加上建築師、水利工程師、花園造景設計師等協力合作，造就了這個壯觀的花園宮殿。
18~19世紀，彼得夏宮一直都是沙皇家族夏天的居所，整個區域分成「上花園」(The Upper Gardens)和「下花園」(The Lower Park)兩大區域，上花園為英式庭園設計，下花園為面海的園區，兩大園區以大宮殿(The Great Palace)居中隔開。
在大宮殿正前方是一座落差約20公尺的大型「階梯瀑布」(The Great Cascade)，呈階梯狀展開的大瀑布兩旁矗立著許多耀眼的黃金雕像，大部分都是希臘神話中的人物，每座雕像就是一座耀眼的噴泉。
階梯底部的池子中央是一座巨大的參孫雕像，它是整個彼得夏宮最令人注目的焦點，同時也是彼得大帝炫耀他戰勝瑞典的寫照。階梯瀑布連接著一條直通海灣的水道，整個視野因此延伸到海濱。
在夏宮花園中還有「馬裡宮」(Marly Palace)及「孟佈雷席爾宮」(Monplaisir Palace)兩座小宮殿，宮殿周圍分別有許多噴泉造景的設計，也是觀賞的重點。
在二次世界大戰期間，彼得夏宮嚴重損毀，自1952年開始修復的工程，到現在仍持續進行中，超過150座的噴泉都恢復運作，花園及宮殿也重新展現全新的面貌。
Peter and Paul Fortress part 1 彼得保羅要塞 - 1 day 9 - 16 ( Russia )
2009.08.17彼得保羅要塞坐落在聖彼得堡市中心涅瓦河右岸，是聖彼得堡著名的古建築。該要塞 1703年5月16日由彼得大帝在兔子島上奠基，它與彼得堡同齡。彼得堡是在要塞的保護下誕生和發展的，彼得保羅要塞是作為俄國同瑞典進行北方戰爭的前哨陣地創造的。 彼得大帝親自為它選擇了一處易於防禦的地點，親自監督建造工作。後幾經擴建，建成這座六稜體的古堡。古堡的牆高12米，厚 2.4-4米，沿涅瓦河一面長700米。
聖彼得堡(St. Petersburg)夏宮、彼得保羅要塞、聖埃薩大教堂.mp4
坐落於芬蘭灣旁的彼得夏宮，不但展現宮殿建築、花園造景等靜態的藝術成就，更強調卓越的水利工程技術，建造之初規劃複雜的地下水管線路而造就數十座噴泉，成為這裡最特別的¬景觀。
1709年彼得大帝對瑞典的戰爭勝利之後，他決定建造一座龐大的宮殿來犒賞自己，並炫耀戰爭的成果。從1714年到1723年之間，他聘請了超過5000個勞工、軍人來施¬工，加上建築師、水利工程師、花園造景設計師等協力合作，造就了這個壯觀的花園宮殿。
18~19世紀，彼得夏宮一直都是沙皇家族夏天的居所，整個區域分成「上花園」(The Upper Gardens)和「下花園」(The Lower Park)兩大區域，上花園為英式庭園設計，下花園為面海的園區，兩大園區以大宮殿(The Great Palace)居中隔開。
在大宮殿正前方是一座落差約20公尺的大型「階梯瀑布」(The Great Cascade)，呈階梯狀展開的大瀑布兩旁矗立著許多耀眼的黃金雕像，大部分都是希臘神話中的人物，每座雕像就是一座耀眼的噴泉。
階梯底部的池子中央是一座巨大的參孫雕像，它是整個彼得夏宮最令人注目的焦點，同時也是彼得大帝炫耀他戰勝瑞典的寫照。階梯瀑布連接著一條直通海灣的水道，整個視野因此延¬伸到海濱。
在夏宮花園中還有「馬裡宮」(Marly Palace)及「孟佈雷席爾宮」(Monplaisir Palace)兩座小宮殿，宮殿周圍分別有許多噴泉造景的設計，也是觀賞的重點。
在二次世界大戰期間，彼得夏宮嚴重損毀，自1952年開始修復的工程，到現在仍持續進行中，超過150座的噴泉都恢復運作，花園及宮殿也重新展現全新的面貌。
彼得保羅要塞坐落在市中心涅瓦河右岸。此要塞1703年5月16日由彼得大帝在兔子島上奠基。聖彼得堡是在要塞的保護下誕生和發展的，彼得保羅要塞是作為俄國同瑞典進行北¬方戰爭的前哨陣地創造的，由彼得大帝親自監督建造工作。
要塞中有聖彼得保羅大教堂、鐘樓、聖彼得門、造幣廠、兵工廠、克龍維爾克炮樓等多項建築物。其中，最著名的是聖彼得保羅大教堂。這座大教堂建於1703年，原先是木質的，¬1712-1733年在原處改建為石砌的大教堂，歷時21年才建成。是一座早期俄羅斯巴洛克式大教堂。
教堂內部裝飾富麗堂皇，有鍍銅的吊燈和有色的水晶枝形燈架。教堂內有從彼得大帝到亞歷山大三世的俄國歷代沙皇的陵墓，許多大公也附葬於此，均立有大理石墓碑。1998年7¬月17日，末代沙皇尼古拉二世及其全家的遺骸也安葬於這裏。教堂上屹立著一座高大的尖頂鐘樓，高122米，到20世紀中葉，是全城最高的建築物，尖塔上方有天使雕像。
聖埃薩大教堂(St. Issac's Cathedral)是聖彼得堡最大的教堂，能夠同時容納一萬二千人。教堂的裝飾使用了彩色玻璃、雕塑和繪畫作品，以及大理石、黃金和馬賽克材料。聖埃薩大教堂之於聖彼得¬堡，猶如聖彼得大教堂之於羅馬，聖保羅教堂之於倫敦，聖母院之於巴黎。這座大教堂可說是全世界最大的圓頂建築物，有一百零一點五米高，面積超過一公頃。而俄羅斯建築中，聖¬埃撒大教堂甚為獨特，建於十九世紀上半期，莊嚴宏偉，有和諧之美，教堂內藏有極有紀念價值的油畫、雕塑和鑲嵌畫，所使用的材料，十分豐富。聖埃薩大教堂是全世界第三大的教¬堂，花了四十年才興建完成，全個教堂的裝飾，用了四百公斤的黃金和一千噸的銅，僅是其金色的圓頂，已用了一百公斤的黃金造成，而其內部的孔雀石（malachite）裝飾¬，是其最為獨特之處，華麗之極。
聖彼得堡~沙皇夏宮(PETRODVORETS)
聖彼得堡市郊西面二十九公里, 芬蘭灣畔之彼得宮,著名之沙皇夏宮(PETROVORETS)
Words at War: The Veteran Comes Back / One Man Air Force / Journey Through Chaos
Major Dominic Salvatore Don Gentile (December 6, 1920 - January 28, 1951) was a World War II USAAF pilot who was the first to break Eddie Rickenbacker's World War I record of 26 downed aircraft.
Gentile was born in Piqua, Ohio.[2] After a fascination with flying as a child, his father provided him with his own plane, an Aerosport Biplane. He managed to log over 300 hours flying time by July 1941, when he attempted to join the Army Air Force. The U.S. military required two years of college for its pilots, which Gentile did not have, therefore Gentile originally enlisted in the Royal Canadian Air Force and was posted to the UK in 1941. Gentile flew the Supermarine Spitfire Mark V with No. 133 Squadron, one of the famed Eagle Squadron during 1942. His first kills (a Ju 88 and Fw 190) were on August 1, 1942,[3] during Operation Jubilee.[4]
In September 1942, the Eagle squadrons transferred to the USAAF, becoming the 4th Fighter Group. Gentile became a flight commander in September 1943, now flying the P-47 Thunderbolt. Having been Spitfire pilots, Gentile and the other pilots of the 4th were displeased when they transitioned to the heavy P-47. By late 1943 Group Commander Col. Don Blakeslee pushed for re-equipment with the lighter, more maneuverable, P-51 Mustang. Conversion to the P-51B at the end of February 1944 allowed Gentile to build a tally of 15.5 additional aircraft destroyed between March 3 and April 8, 1944.[5] After downing 3 planes on April 8,[6] he was the top scoring 8th Air Force ace when he crashed his personal P-51, named Shangri La, on April 13, 1944 while stunting over the 4th FG's airfield at Debden for a group of assembled press reporters and movie cameras.
Blakeslee immediately grounded Gentile as a result, and he was sent back to the US for a tour selling War Bonds.
In 1944, Gentile wrote One Man Air Force an autobiography and account of his combat missions with well-known war correspondent, Ira Wolfert.
His final tally of credits was 19.83 aerial victories and 3 damaged,[5] with 6 ground kills, in 350 combat hours flown. He also claimed two victories while with the RAF.
After the war, he stayed with the Air Force, as a test pilot at Wright Field, as a Training Officer in the Fighter Gunnery Program, and as a student officer at the Air Tactical School. In June 1949, Gentile enrolled as an undergraduate studying military science at the University of Maryland.
On January 28, 1951, he was killed when he crashed in a T-33A-1-LO Shooting Star trainer, 49-905, in Forestville, Maryland, leaving behind his wife Isabella Masdea Gentile Beitman (deceased October 2008), and sons Don Jr., Joseph and Pasquale.
Gentile Air Force Station in Kettering, Ohio was named in his honor in 1962. The installation closed in 1996.
Winston Churchill called Gentile and his wingman, Captain John T. Godfrey, Damon and Pythias, after the legendary characters from Greek mythology. He was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in 1995.[7]
Our Miss Brooks: Conklin the Bachelor / Christmas Gift Mix-up / Writes About a Hobo / Hobbies
Our Miss Brooks is an American situation comedy starring Eve Arden as a sardonic high school English teacher. It began as a radio show broadcast from 1948 to 1957. When the show was adapted to television (1952--56), it became one of the medium's earliest hits. In 1956, the sitcom was adapted for big screen in the film of the same name.
Connie (Constance) Brooks (Eve Arden), an English teacher at fictional Madison High School.
Osgood Conklin (Gale Gordon), blustery, gruff, crooked and unsympathetic Madison High principal, a near-constant pain to his faculty and students. (Conklin was played by Joseph Forte in the show's first episode; Gordon succeeded him for the rest of the series' run.) Occasionally Conklin would rig competitions at the school--such as that for prom queen--so that his daughter Harriet would win.
Walter Denton (Richard Crenna, billed at the time as Dick Crenna), a Madison High student, well-intentioned and clumsy, with a nasally high, cracking voice, often driving Miss Brooks (his self-professed favorite teacher) to school in a broken-down jalopy. Miss Brooks' references to her own usually-in-the-shop car became one of the show's running gags.
Philip Boynton (Jeff Chandler on radio, billed sometimes under his birth name Ira Grossel); Robert Rockwell on both radio and television), Madison High biology teacher, the shy and often clueless object of Miss Brooks' affections.
Margaret Davis (Jane Morgan), Miss Brooks' absentminded landlady, whose two trademarks are a cat named Minerva, and a penchant for whipping up exotic and often inedible breakfasts.
Harriet Conklin (Gloria McMillan), Madison High student and daughter of principal Conklin. A sometime love interest for Walter Denton, Harriet was honest and guileless with none of her father's malevolence and dishonesty.
Stretch (Fabian) Snodgrass (Leonard Smith), dull-witted Madison High athletic star and Walter's best friend.
Daisy Enright (Mary Jane Croft), Madison High English teacher, and a scheming professional and romantic rival to Miss Brooks.
Jacques Monet (Gerald Mohr), a French teacher.
Our Miss Brooks was a hit on radio from the outset; within eight months of its launch as a regular series, the show landed several honors, including four for Eve Arden, who won polls in four individual publications of the time. Arden had actually been the third choice to play the title role. Harry Ackerman, West Coast director of programming, wanted Shirley Booth for the part, but as he told historian Gerald Nachman many years later, he realized Booth was too focused on the underpaid downside of public school teaching at the time to have fun with the role.
Lucille Ball was believed to have been the next choice, but she was already committed to My Favorite Husband and didn't audition. Chairman Bill Paley, who was friendly with Arden, persuaded her to audition for the part. With a slightly rewritten audition script--Osgood Conklin, for example, was originally written as a school board president but was now written as the incoming new Madison principal--Arden agreed to give the newly-revamped show a try.
Produced by Larry Berns and written by director Al Lewis, Our Miss Brooks premiered on July 19, 1948. According to radio critic John Crosby, her lines were very feline in dialogue scenes with principal Conklin and would-be boyfriend Boynton, with sharp, witty comebacks. The interplay between the cast--blustery Conklin, nebbishy Denton, accommodating Harriet, absentminded Mrs. Davis, clueless Boynton, scheming Miss Enright--also received positive reviews.
Arden won a radio listeners' poll by Radio Mirror magazine as the top ranking comedienne of 1948-49, receiving her award at the end of an Our Miss Brooks broadcast that March. I'm certainly going to try in the coming months to merit the honor you've bestowed upon me, because I understand that if I win this two years in a row, I get to keep Mr. Boynton, she joked. But she was also a hit with the critics; a winter 1949 poll of newspaper and magazine radio editors taken by Motion Picture Daily named her the year's best radio comedienne.
For its entire radio life, the show was sponsored by Colgate-Palmolive-Peet, promoting Palmolive soap, Lustre Creme shampoo and Toni hair care products. The radio series continued until 1957, a year after its television life ended.
Young Love: Audition Show / Engagement Ceremony / Visit by Janet's Mom and Jimmy's Dad
Janet Waldo (born February 4, 1924) is an American actress and voice artist with a career encompassing radio, television, animation and live-action films. She is best known in animation for voicing Judy Jetson, Penelope Pitstop and Josie McCoy in Josie and the Pussycats. She was equally famed for radio's Meet Corliss Archer, a title role with which she was so identified that she was drawn into the comic book adaptation.
Waldo appeared in several dozen films in uncredited bit parts and small roles, although she was the leading lady in three Westerns, two of them starring Tim Holt. Her big break came in radio with a part on Cecil B. DeMille's Lux Radio Theater. In her radio career, she lent her voice to many programs, including Edward G. Robinson's Big Town, The Eddie Bracken Show, Favorite Story, Four-Star Playhouse, The Gallant Heart, One Man's Family, Sears Radio Theater and Stars over Hollywood. She co-starred with Jimmy Lydon in the CBS situation comedy Young Love (1949--50), and she had recurring roles on The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet (as teenager Emmy Lou), The Red Skelton Show and People Are Funny.
However, it was her eight-year run starring as teenager Corliss Archer on CBS's Meet Corliss Archer that left a lasting impression, even though Shirley Temple starred in the film adaptations, Kiss and Tell and A Kiss for Corliss. The radio program was the CBS answer to NBC's popular A Date with Judy. Despite the long run of Meet Corliss Archer, less than 24 episodes are known to exist. Waldo later turned down the offer to portray Corliss in a television adaptation.
In 1948 the Meet Corliss Archer comic book, using Waldo's likeness, published by Fox Feature Syndicate, appeared for a run of three issues from March to July 1948, using the original scripts. The same year, Waldo married playwright Robert Edwin Lee, the writing partner of Jerome Lawrence. The couple had two children, and remained married until his death in 1994.
Waldo made a rare on-screen television appearance when she appeared as Peggy, a teen smitten with Ricky Ricardo on a 1952 episode of I Love Lucy titled The Young Fans with Richard Crenna. Ten years later, Waldo again worked with Lucille Ball, this time playing Lucy Carmichael's sister, Marge, on The Lucy Show. That episode, Lucy's Sister Pays A Visit also featured actor Peter Marshall. She also appeared on an episode of The Andy Griffith Show as Amanda. In addition, Waldo reprised the role of Emmy Lou for some early TV episodes of The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet. Later, she was the female lead opposite Anthony Franciosa in the short-lived sitcom Valentine's Day (1964).
Shirley Mitchell (born November 4, 1919) is an American film and television actress.
After moving to Chicago, she appeared in the network broadcast of The First Nighter and played small parts in various soap operas including The Story of Mary Marlin and The Road of Life. After moving to Los Angeles, she played opposite Joan Davis in The Sealtest Village Store. She also starred as Louella in The Life of Riley and joined the cast of Fibber McGee and Molly as Alice Darling in 1943. Her most prominent radio role was that of the charismatic Southern belle Leila Ransom on The Great Gildersleeve radio show beginning in September 1942. In 1953, Shirley joined the cast of I Love Lucy playing the part of Lucy Ricardo's friend Marion Strong. As of 2012, she is the only recurring adult cast member still living following the deaths of Doris Singleton in 2012 and Peggy Rea in 2011. In 1962, she played Mrs. Colton on the CBS-TV comedy series Pete and Gladys, and between 1965--1967, she appeared as neighbor Marge Thornton on NBC-TVs Please Don't Eat the Daisies. In the same year she appeared in Episode 13, Season 2 of The Dick Van Dyke Show when she played Shirley Rogers opposite Bob Crane as Harry Rogers in Somebody Has to Play Cleopatra. In 1963, she appeared on the television program The Beverly Hillbillies as Opal Clampett (the wife of Jake Clampett, an out-of-work actor). In 1966, she appeared in Green Acres as a nurse and as Oliver's old friend Wanda. Between 1967 and 1968, she portrayed Kate Bradley's cousin Mae Belle Jennings on Petticoat Junction. In 1968, she appeared in the Season 1 finale of The Doris Day Show as Mrs. Loomis, a woman who accuses Billy of stealing $5.00 from her purse after she dropped it.
In 1972, she was the voice of Laurie Holiday on the Hanna-Barbera cartoon series, The Roman Holidays.
In 1994, Mitchell voiced the Sneetches, cousins, Thidwick's mother and Sue the Second Fish in Storybook Weaver and later in 2004, deluxe version in Storybook Weaver Deluxe.
In 2012, she voiced her guest star as Betty White in MAD episode, Betty White & the Huntsman / Ancient Greek Mythbusters.
Words at War: Headquarters Budapest / Nazis Go Underground / Simone
Nazi Germany, also known as the Third Reich, is the common name for Germany when it was a totalitarian state ruled by Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP). On 30 January 1933 Hitler became Chancellor of Germany, quickly eliminating all opposition to rule as sole leader. The state idolized Hitler as its Führer (leader), centralizing all power in his hands. Historians have emphasized the hypnotic effect of his rhetoric on large audiences, and of his eyes in small groups. Kessel writes, Overwhelmingly...Germans speak with mystification of Hitler's 'hypnotic' appeal...[4] Under the leader principle, the Führer's word was above all other laws. Top officials reported to Hitler and followed his policies, but they had considerable autonomy. The government was not a coordinated, cooperating body, but rather a collection of factions struggling to amass power and gain favor with the Führer.[5] In the midst of the Great Depression, the Nazi government restored prosperity and ended mass unemployment using heavy military spending and a mixed economy of free-market and central-planning practices.[6] Extensive public works were undertaken, including the construction of the Autobahns. The return to prosperity gave the regime enormous popularity; the suppression of all opposition made Hitler's rule mostly unchallenged.
Racism, especially antisemitism, was a main tenet of society in Nazi Germany. The Gestapo (secret state police) and SS under Heinrich Himmler destroyed the liberal, socialist, and communist opposition, and persecuted and murdered Jews and other undesirables. It was believed that the Germanic peoples—who were also referred to as the Nordic race—were the purest representation of the Aryan race, and were therefore the master race. Education focused on racial biology, population policy, and physical fitness. Membership in the Hitler Youth organization became compulsory. The number of women enrolled in post-secondary education plummeted, and career opportunities were curtailed. Calling women's rights a product of the Jewish intellect, the Nazis practiced what they called emancipation from emancipation.[7] Entertainment and tourism were organized via the Strength Through Joy program. The government controlled artistic expression, promoting specific forms of art and discouraging or banning others. The Nazis mounted the infamous Entartete Kunst (Degenerate Art) exhibition in 1937.[8] Propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels made effective use of film, mass rallies, and Hitler's hypnotizing oratory to control public opinion.[9] The 1936 Summer Olympics showcased the Third Reich on the international stage.
Germany made increasingly aggressive demands, threatening war if they were not met. Britain and France responded with appeasement, hoping Hitler would finally be satisfied.[10] Austria was annexed in 1938, and the Sudetenland was taken via the Munich Agreement in 1938, with the rest of Czechoslovakia taken over in 1939. Hitler made a pact with Joseph Stalin and invaded Poland in September 1939, starting World War II. In alliance with Benito Mussolini's Italy, Germany conquered France and most of Europe by 1940, and threatened its remaining major foe: Great Britain. Reich Commissariats took brutal control of conquered areas, and a German administration termed the General Government was established in Poland. Concentration camps, established as early as 1933, were used to hold political prisoners and opponents of the regime. The number of camps quadrupled between 1939 and 1942 to 300+, as slave-laborers from across Europe, Jews, political prisoners, criminals, homosexuals, gypsies, the mentally ill and others were imprisoned. The system that began as an instrument of political oppression culminated in the mass genocide of Jews and other minorities in the Holocaust.
Following the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, the tide turned against the Third Reich in the major military defeats of the Battle of Stalingrad and the Battle of Kursk in 1943. The Soviet counter-attacks became the largest land battles in history. Large-scale systematic bombing of all major German cities, rail lines and oil plants escalated in 1944, shutting down the Luftwaffe (German Air Force). Germany was overrun in 1945 by the Soviets from the east and the Allies from the west. The victorious Allies initiated a policy of denazification and put the Nazi leadership on trial for war crimes at the Nuremberg Trials.