Kyzyl Center of Asia
Kyzyl Center of Asia
Kyzyl, the capital city of the Tuva Republic, Russia. The name of the city means red in Tuvan. The geographical center of Asia - the point marking the geographical center of the world's largest region. The title of the geographical center of Asia, claim several places, depending on the method of calculation and conditions - whether includes remote island in the list of the extreme points of Asia, or not. One of the center is a place located 20 kilometers east of Kyzyl in the confluence of the Biy-Khem (the Big Yenisey) and Ka-Khem ( the Small Yenisey). The first sightseeing to visit here is the Geographical Centre of Asia. Built in 1964, the monument represents a big globe on which the contours of continents are marked.
A conditional obelisk Center of Asia was established on the banks of the Yenisei River in the central part of the city, but these coordinates are in fact the center of Asia is disputed (e.g., Ürümqi in China makes a similar claim). However, there is a monument labelled Center of Asia in English, Russian, and Tuvan which asserts this claim. Tos-Bulak is the area of open fields and mineral springs which lies immediately south of Kyzyl.
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ADVENTURE Journey to the Center of Asia!
Where is the center of Asia? Join Josh Summers from FarWestChina as he explores this little-known point in the middle of nowhere, western China. Read more:
Traveling to Xinjiang? Check out the best-selling FarWestChina Xinjiang travel guide:
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Equipment used:
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Jules Verne may have taken us on an epic journey to the center of the earth - and that's pretty hard to beat - but I'm interested to discover the Center of Asia.
I've heard that it's located an hour or two outside my home here in the Xinjiang capital of Urumqi, a part of China's remote western region, but most people I've asked know very little about it.
So my plan is to drive out and re-discover this place, while at the same time understanding more about how the Center of Asia is even calculated...and why there are actually TWO centers. Wait...what?!
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Hey! My name is Josh Summers and I am a China vlogger, writer, entrepreneur and overall fun guy to hang out with (at least that's what my two young boys tell me).
I've lived in the western region of Xinjiang for over 10 years now and for a majority of that time I have enjoyed introducing this part of Asia to the rest of the world. I hope you enjoy!
China as a Eurasian Subcontinent: Perspectives on the Past and Future
James A. Millward, Associate Professor of History, Walsh School of Foreign Service Georgetown University
Recorded on December 3, 2009
Learn Provinces and Capitals of China | China Country Map | Provinces Of China
Learn Provinces And Capitals Of China
In terms of area, China is the third largest country in the world, but it is the world's largest based on population. China is divided into 23 provinces, 22 of which are controlled by the People's Republic of China (PRC). The 23rd province, Taiwan, is claimed by the PRC, but it is not administered or controlled by the PRC, and is thus a de facto independent country. Hong Kong and Macau are not provinces of China, but are called special administrative areas. Hong Kong measures 427.8 square miles (1,108 square kilometers), with Macau at 10.8 square miles (28.2 square kilometers). The provinces are ordered here by land area and include capital cities. Here we are explain about Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Heilongjiang and Yunnan etc.
Qinghai- The name of the province comes from Qinghai Hu or Koko Nor (blue lake), which sits about 10,500 feet (3,200 meters) above sea level. The region is known for horse breeding.
Area: 278,457 square miles (721,200 square kilometers)
Capital: Xining
Sichuan- The enormous 2008 earthquake killed some 90,000 people in the mountainous region, and wiped out entire towns.
Area: 187,260 square miles (485,000 square kilometers)
Capital: Chengdu
Gansu- The Gansu Province includes some dramatic arid landscapes, including mountains, sand dunes, striped colorful rock formations, and a portion of the Gobi Desert.
Area: 175,406 square miles (454,300 square kilometers)
Capital: Lanzhou
Heilongjiang- Heilongjiang Province is prone to severe winters that last from five to eight months, with only 100 to 140 frost-free days per year and four months with temperatures higher than 50 F. Nonetheless, some crops, such as sugar beets and grains, do grow there.
Area: 175,290 square miles (454,000 square kilometers)
Capital: Harbin
Yunnan- The southwest China province of Yunnan is ethnically diverse, and each group has its own traditions and cuisine. Tiger Leaping Gorge was named a UNESCO World Heritage natural site.
Area: 154,124 square miles (394,000 square kilometers)
Capital: Kunming
Hunan- The subtropical Hunan Province, known for its natural splendor, contains the Yangtze River on the north and is bordered by mountains to the south, east, and west.
Area: 81,081 square miles (210,000 square kilometers)
Capital: Changsha
Shaanxi- At the center of the country, Shaanxi history predates the earliest Chinese dynasties, as fossils of Lantian Man, from 500,000 to 600,000 years ago, have been found here.
Area: 79,382 square miles (205,600 square kilometers)
Capital: Xi'an
Hebei- You’ll travel to Hebei Province to go to China’s capital, Beijing, and can see the Yan Mountains, with a portion of the Great Wall, the Hebei Plain, and the North China Plain. About half of the province is mountainous.
Area: 72,471 square miles (187,700 square kilometers)
Capital: Shijiazhuang
Jilin - The Jilin province borders Russia, North Korea, and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Jilin contains mountains, plains, and rolling hills in between.
Area: 72,355 square miles (187,400 square kilometers)
Capital: ChangchunArea: 72,355 square miles (187,400 square kilometers)
Capital: Changchun
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Xinjiang | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:53 1 Names
00:08:44 2 Description
00:12:21 3 History
00:12:30 3.1 Early history
00:21:32 3.2 Islamisation of Xinjiang
00:23:20 3.3 Mongol period
00:27:11 3.4 Qing dynasty
00:31:47 3.5 Republic of China
00:35:25 3.6 Modern China (People's Republic of China)
00:40:45 4 Administrative divisions
00:42:02 4.1 Urban areas
00:42:11 5 Geography and geology
00:42:57 5.1 Mountain systems and basins
00:45:10 5.2 Geology
00:45:52 5.3 Center of the continent
00:47:05 5.4 Rivers and lakes
00:49:10 5.5 Time
00:50:09 5.6 Deserts
00:50:33 5.7 Major cities
00:51:22 5.8 Climate
00:52:50 5.9 Bordering regions
00:53:00 6 Politics
00:55:43 6.1 Human rights
00:57:59 7 Economy
00:59:48 7.1 Agriculture and fishing
01:02:23 7.2 Mining and minerals
01:03:13 7.3 Foreign trade
01:04:18 7.4 Economic and Technological Development Zones
01:06:37 8 Culture
01:06:46 9 Demographics
01:13:56 9.1 Vital statistics
01:14:05 9.2 Religion
01:15:46 9.3 Media
01:17:01 10 Sports
01:17:42 11 Transportation
01:17:52 11.1 Roads
01:20:16 11.2 Rail
01:22:50 12 East Turkestan independence movement
01:25:34 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.795545654784253
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Xinjiang (Uyghur: شىنجاڭ; SASM/GNC: Xinjang; Chinese: 新疆; pinyin: Xīnjiāng formerly romanized as Sinkiang), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is a provincial-level autonomous region of China in the northwest of the country. It is the largest Chinese administrative division and the eighth largest country subdivision in the world, spanning over 1.6 million km2 (640,000 square miles). Xinjiang contains the disputed territory of Aksai Chin, which is administered by China and claimed by India. Xinjiang borders the countries of Mongolia (Bayan-Ölgii, Khovd and Govi-Altai Provinces), Russia (Altai Republic), Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan and Almaty Provinces), Kyrgyzstan (Issyk Kul, Naryn and Osh Regions), Tajikistan (Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region), Afghanistan (Badakhshan Province), Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan), and India (Jammu and Kashmir). The rugged Karakoram, Kunlun, and Tian Shan mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang's borders, as well as its western and southern regions. Xinjiang also borders Tibet Autonomous Region and the provinces of Gansu and Qinghai. The most well-known route of the historical Silk Road ran through the territory from the east to its northwestern border. In recent decades, abundant oil and mineral reserves have been found in Xinjiang, and it is currently China's largest natural gas-producing region.
It is home to a number of ethnic groups, including the Uyghur, Han, Kazakhs, Tibetans, Hui, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Mongols, Russians and Xibe. More than a dozen autonomous prefectures and counties for minorities are in Xinjiang. Older English-language reference works often refer to the area as Chinese Turkestan. Xinjiang is divided into the Dzungarian Basin in the north and the Tarim Basin in the south by a mountain range. Only about 9.7% of Xinjiang's land area is fit for human habitation.With a documented history of at least 2,500 years, a succession of people and empires have vied for control over all or parts of this territory. The territory came under the rule of the Qing dynasty in the 18th century, which was later replaced by the Republic of China government. Since 1949, it has been part of the People's Republic of China following the Chinese Civil War. In 1954, Xinjiang Bingtuan was set up to strengthen the border defense against the Soviet Union, and also promote the local economy. In 1955, Xinjiang was turned into an autonomous region from a province. In the last decades, the East Turkistan independent movement, separatist conflict and the influence of radical Islam have both resulted in unrest in the region, with occasional terrorist attacks and cla ...
Xinjiang | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Xinjiang
00:02:34 1 Names
00:05:41 2 Description
00:08:23 3 History
00:08:32 3.1 Early history
00:15:13 3.2 Islamisation of Xinjiang
00:16:35 3.3 Mongol period
00:19:26 3.4 Qing dynasty
00:22:49 3.5 Republic of China
00:25:31 3.6 Modern China (People's Republic of China)
00:29:32 4 Administrative divisions
00:30:24 4.1 Urban areas
00:30:33 5 Geography and geology
00:31:09 5.1 Mountain systems and basins
00:32:49 5.2 Geology
00:33:23 5.3 Center of the continent
00:34:20 5.4 Rivers and lakes
00:35:53 5.5 Time
00:36:38 5.6 Deserts
00:36:58 5.7 Major cities
00:37:37 5.8 Climate
00:38:44 5.9 Bordering regions
00:38:53 6 Politics
00:40:57 6.1 Human rights
00:41:47 7 Economy
00:43:11 7.1 Agriculture and fishing
00:45:09 7.2 Mining and minerals
00:45:48 7.3 Foreign trade
00:46:38 7.4 Economic and Technological Development Zones
00:48:21 8 Culture
00:48:30 9 Demographics
00:53:54 9.1 Vital statistics
00:54:03 9.2 Religion
00:55:20 9.3 Media
00:56:18 10 Sports
00:56:50 11 Transportation
00:57:00 11.1 Roads
00:58:48 11.2 Rail
01:00:44 12 East Turkestan independence movement
01:02:46 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Xinjiang (Uyghur: شىنجاڭ; SASM/GNC: Xinjang; Chinese: 新疆; pinyin: Xīnjiāng; formerly romanised as Sinkiang), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is a provincial-level autonomous region of China in the northwest of the country. It is the largest Chinese administrative division and the eighth largest country subdivision in the world, spanning over 1.6 million km2 (640,000 square miles). Xinjiang contains the disputed territory of Aksai Chin, which is administered by China and claimed by India. Xinjiang borders the countries of Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. The rugged Karakoram, Kunlun, and Tian Shan mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang's borders, as well as its western and southern regions. Xinjiang also borders Tibet Autonomous Region and the provinces of Gansu and Qinghai. The most well-known route of the historical Silk Road ran through the territory from the east to its northwestern border. In recent decades, abundant oil and mineral reserves have been found in Xinjiang, and it is currently China's largest natural gas-producing region.
It is home to a number of ethnic groups, including the Uyghur, Han, Kazakhs, Tibetans, Hui, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Mongols and Russians. More than a dozen autonomous prefectures and counties for minorities are in Xinjiang. Older English-language reference works often refer to the area as Chinese Turkestan. Xinjiang is divided into the Dzungarian Basin in the north and the Tarim Basin in the south by a mountain range. Only about 9.7% of Xinjiang's land area is fit for human habitation.With a documented history of at least 2,500 years, a succession of people and empires have vied for control over all or parts of this territory. The territory came under the rule of the Qing dynasty in the 18th century; which was later replaced by the Republic of China government. Since 1949, it has been part of the People's Republic of China following the Chinese Civil War. In 1954, Xinjiang Bingtuan was set up to strengthen the border defense against the Soviet Union, and also promote the local economy. In 1955, Xinjiang was turned into an autonomous region from a province. In the last decades, the separatist conflict and radical Islam influence has plagued the region, with occasional terrorist attacks and clashes between separatist and government forces.
Xinjiang | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Xinjiang
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Xinjiang (Uyghur: شىنجاڭ; SASM/GNC: Xinjang; Chinese: 新疆; pinyin: Xīnjiāng; formerly romanised as Sinkiang), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is a provincial-level autonomous region of China in the northwest of the country. It is the largest Chinese administrative division and the eighth largest country subdivision in the world, spanning over 1.6 million km2 (640,000 square miles). Xinjiang contains the disputed territory of Aksai Chin, which is administered by China and claimed by India. Xinjiang borders the countries of Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. The rugged Karakoram, Kunlun, and Tian Shan mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang's borders, as well as its western and southern regions. Xinjiang also borders Tibet Autonomous Region and the provinces of Gansu and Qinghai. The most well-known route of the historical Silk Road ran through the territory from the east to its northwestern border. In recent decades, abundant oil and mineral reserves have been found in Xinjiang, and it is currently China's largest natural gas-producing region.
It is home to a number of ethnic groups, including the Uyghur, Han, Kazakhs, Hui, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Mongols and Russians. More than a dozen autonomous prefectures and counties for minorities are in Xinjiang. Older English-language reference works often refer to the area as Chinese Turkestan. Xinjiang is divided into the Dzungarian Basin in the north and the Tarim Basin in the south by a mountain range. Only about 9.7% of Xinjiang's land area is fit for human habitation.With a documented history of at least 2,500 years, a succession of people and empires have vied for control over all or parts of this territory. The territory came under the rule of the Qing dynasty in the 18th century; which was later replaced by the Republic of China government. Since 1949, it has been part of the People's Republic of China following the Chinese Civil War. In 1954, Xinjiang Bingtuan was set up to strengthen the border defense against the Soviet Union, and also promote the local economy. In 1955, Xinjiang was turned into an autonomous region from a province. In the last decades, the separatist conflict and radical Islam influence has plagued the region, with occasional terrorist attacks and clashes between separatist and government forces.
The Uyghurs’ China Problem, or How We Got to the Political Re-Education Camps of Xinjiang
The current campaign of mass incarceration in Xinjiang is the latest twist in the long conflict between the Uyghurs and the Chinese state over the past, present, and the future. In this talk, Adeeb Khalid will attempt to place the current situation in its Central Asian context by tracing the emergence of national discourses among the Uyghurs. These discourses had little to do with China but were a part of broader development of Turkic modernities from the late nineteenth century on. Tracing these discourses takes us to the many ties that link the Uyghur sense of self to the Ottoman and the Russian empires and to Turkey and the Soviet Union. A comparison of Soviet and Chinese practices for managing national difference will round out the presentation.
Adeeb Khalid is Jane and Raphael Bernstein Professor of Asian Studies and History at Carleton College in Northfield, Minnesota, where he has taught since 1993. He works on Central Asia in the period after the imperial conquests of the 19th century, with thematic interests in religion and cultural change, nationalism, empires and colonialism. He has received fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation, the Carnegie Corporation, and the John W. Kluge Center at the Library of Congress. He is the author of The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform: Jadidism in Central Asia (University of California Press, 1998), Islam after Communism: Religion and Politics in Central Asia (University of California Press, 2007), and Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR (Cornell University Press, 2015). He is currently working on a history of modern Central Asia for a general audience.
In collaboration with the Watson Institute's China Initiative
Xinjiang | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:42 1 Names
00:06:01 2 Description
00:08:53 3 History
00:09:01 3.1 Early history
00:16:05 3.2 Islamisation of Xinjiang
00:17:32 3.3 Mongol period
00:20:35 3.4 Qing dynasty
00:24:10 3.5 Republic of China
00:27:01 3.6 Modern China (People's Republic of China)
00:31:14 4 Administrative divisions
00:32:09 4.1 Urban areas
00:32:17 5 Geography and geology
00:32:54 5.1 Mountain systems and basins
00:34:40 5.2 Geology
00:35:15 5.3 Center of the continent
00:36:14 5.4 Rivers and lakes
00:37:53 5.5 Time
00:38:40 5.6 Deserts
00:39:00 5.7 Major cities
00:39:40 5.8 Climate
00:40:52 5.9 Bordering regions
00:41:00 6 Politics
00:43:17 6.1 Human rights
00:44:08 7 Economy
00:45:35 7.1 Agriculture and fishing
00:47:39 7.2 Mining and minerals
00:48:19 7.3 Foreign trade
00:49:11 7.4 Economic and Technological Development Zones
00:50:59 8 Culture
00:51:08 9 Demographics
00:56:48 9.1 Vital statistics
00:56:57 9.2 Religion
00:58:17 9.3 Media
00:59:18 10 Sports
00:59:51 11 Transportation
01:00:00 11.1 Roads
01:01:56 11.2 Rail
01:03:56 12 East Turkestan independence movement
01:06:06 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9525311260065006
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Xinjiang (Uyghur: شىنجاڭ; SASM/GNC: Xinjang; Chinese: 新疆; pinyin: Xīnjiāng; formerly romanised as Sinkiang), officially the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is a provincial-level autonomous region of China in the northwest of the country. It is the largest Chinese administrative division and the eighth largest country subdivision in the world, spanning over 1.6 million km2 (640,000 square miles). Xinjiang contains the disputed territory of Aksai Chin, which is administered by China and claimed by India. Xinjiang borders the countries of Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. The rugged Karakoram, Kunlun, and Tian Shan mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang's borders, as well as its western and southern regions. Xinjiang also borders Tibet Autonomous Region and the provinces of Gansu and Qinghai. The most well-known route of the historical Silk Road ran through the territory from the east to its northwestern border. In recent decades, abundant oil and mineral reserves have been found in Xinjiang, and it is currently China's largest natural gas-producing region.
It is home to a number of ethnic groups, including the Uyghur, Han, Kazakhs, Tibetans, Hui, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Mongols and Russians. More than a dozen autonomous prefectures and counties for minorities are in Xinjiang. Older English-language reference works often refer to the area as Chinese Turkestan. Xinjiang is divided into the Dzungarian Basin in the north and the Tarim Basin in the south by a mountain range. Only about 9.7% of Xinjiang's land area is fit for human habitation.With a documented history of at least 2,500 years, a succession of people and empires have vied for control over all or parts of this territory. The territory came under the rule of the Qing dynasty in the 18th century; which was later replaced by the Republic of China government. Since 1949, it has been part of the People's Republic of China following the Chinese Civil War. In 1954, Xinjiang Bingtuan was set up to strengthen the border defense against the Soviet Union, and also promote the local economy. In 1955, Xinjiang was turned into an autonomous region from a province. In the last decades, the separatist conflict and radical Islam influence has plagued the region, with occasional terrorist attacks and clashes between separatist and government forces.
New China: Port city of Manzhouli links China to world
New China is a CGTN exclusive program. Our reporters are traveling across the country in three mobile studios to give live reports on what's going on in China. The routes they chose will document the tremendous transformation China has undergone over the past seven decades. September 9 is the first day of our 12-day feature program. We started from China's northern border with Russia, where a duty-free zone is helping promote trade between the two countries.
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MIR's Silk Road Tour: Journey Through Central Asia
Central Asia is home to the old Silk Road, with its great trade routes linking Europe and China for more than 2,000 years. Join one of MIR's most popular tours, Journey Through Central Asia: The Five 'Stans ( a modern-day caravan on an epic journey to five of Central Asia's exotic countries – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan.
These five 'Stans are laced together with traces of the old Silk Road, conduits for the silks and spices that gave the world much of its brilliance and flavor, as well as ideas, art, architecture and spiritual beliefs.
• Note: Click on CC icon (lower-third right side in video) for handcrafted closed captions.
________________________
KEY SECTIONS:
1:44 Skip to: Kazakhstan
2:38 Skip to: Kyrgyzstan
3:53 Skip to: Uzbekistan
4:42 Skip to: Tajikistan
5:06 Skip to: Uzbekistan
7:56 Skip to: Turkmenistan
• Explore Central Asia in MIR's in-depth story filled with exotic, colorful photos: Silk Road Tour Spotlight: Journey Through Central Asia –
• Learn more about MIR's small group tours and handcrafted, private journeys to Central Asia – (
• For detailed information on each of these Central Asian countries:
Kazakhstan – (
Kyrgyzstan – (
Tajikistan – (
Uzbekistan – (
Turkmenistan – (
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PHOTO AND VIDEO CREDITS
Video script, creation and voiceover: Helen Holter
Photos: Christina Z. Anderson, Michel Behar, James Carnehan, Russ & Ellen Cmolik, Donna Collins, Jamshid Fayzullaev; Richard Fejfar, Ana Filonov, Lindsay Fincher, Jered Gorman, Douglas Grimes, Peter Guttman, Helen Holter, Dilshod Karimov, Martin Klimenta, Charles Lawrence, Andrew Mills, David Parker, Abdu Samadov, Ann Schneider, Kevin Testa, Bill Thornton, Vladimir Ushakov, Ji Wensheng
Video narrator and creator: Helen Holter
Video: Marina Karptsova, Jamshid Fayzullaev, David Parker, Abdu Samadov, Kevin Testa
Video thumbnail: Lindsay Fincher
Music: Karakalpak Musicians of Nukus; Khalfi Family of Khiva; Urda Bass Troupe of Almaty
VIDEO TRANSCRIPTION (HIGHLIGHTS)
00:00 – INTRO
More than 2,000 years ago, the great trade routes that linked Europe and China opened Central Asia to foreign cultures, customs and religions. MIR's iconic tour, Journey Through Central Asia: The Five 'Stans, is a modern-day caravan on an epic Silk Road journey to five of these exotic countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan.
01:44 – KAZAKHSTAN
Kazakhstan is the largest and richest of the five 'Stans. We visit the country's former capital, Almaty, known as the Capital of Apples; Zenkov Cathedral; as well as a falcon farm for an up-close look at these beautiful birds used in hunting.
02:38 – KYRGYZSTAN
Mountainous, unspoiled Kyrgyzstan is Central Asia's best-kept secret. We visit Lake Issyk-kul; learn about horses and traditional horse games; visit Burana Tower; and in the country's capital, Bishkek, we listen to a portion of the famous poem, Epic of Manus – with nearly half-a-million verses.
04:42 – TAJIKISTAN
Tajikistan is a country infused with the influence of Persia, Islam, and Russia. We visit the 2,000-year-old city of Khujand; in this old Silk Road town we explore the colorful covered Panjshanbe Bazaar.
05:06 – UZBEKISTAN
Some of the most famous UNESCO-listed Silk Road sights are in Uzbekistan. We visit Osh and Rishtan in Fergana Valley; explore the country's capital, Tashkent; wander through Samarkand, known as the Crossroad of Cultures with Registan Square's blue-tiled mosaics, mosques, and madrassahs; and see Shakhrisabze, birthplace of Tamerlane the Conqueror. Bukhara was an oasis in the desert for Silk Road camel caravans long ago, and still is for modern travelers today. In Khiva, the Old Town called Ichon Qala looks much as it did centuries ago, while Nukus is known for its once-banned avant-garde Soviet art at the Savitsky Museum.
07:56 – TURKMENISTAN
Turkmenistan is a country of tribal culture and camels as well as modern cities and transportation. We visit three UNESCO-listed sites: Khorezm's Kunya Urgench and Kutlug-Timur Minaret, Merv, and the 2,000-year-old city of Nisa. The tour ends in Turkmenistan's capital of Ashgabat, filled with white marble buildings, as well as a nearby visit to an Akhal-Teke horse-breeding farm.
China's secret internment camps
...and the internet detectives working to find them.
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China has been quietly detaining its population of Uighurs, the country’s Muslim minority, in internment camps. First-hand accounts from inside the camps paint a brutal picture of torture and political indoctrination. At first, China denied the existence of these camps and tried to cover them up. But as a network of academics and activists uncovered evidence of the camps' locations, and the reality of what’s going on inside, China changed its story.
Read more about about China’s crackdown on Muslims from Sigal Samuel on Vox:
Further reading:
China’s brutal crackdown on the Uighur Muslim minority, explained
China’s final solution in Xinjiang
Migration and inequality in Xinjiang
Tracking China’s Muslim Gulag
List of re-education camps in Xinjiang
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Boeing's China Problem
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Animation by Josh Sherrington
Sound by Graham Haerther (
Thumbnail by Simon Buckmaster
Music by
Select footage courtesy the AP Archive
China Eastern 737 Takeoff Video Courtesy PDX Aviation
References:
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Pan Dawei: China and Russia Must Consider Each Other's Interests in Central Asia
According to Pan Dawei, Director of the Center for the Study of Russia of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, China and Russia help to strengthen the independence and sovereignty of the young neighboring states of Central Asia. Also very important and urgent is the problem of their security.
Due to the fact that Russian-Chinese relations are at a very high level, agreements on important international issues have been reached, appropriate channels and mechanisms for promoting cooperation in the region have been developed. Relations between China and Russia on the one hand and the countries of Central Asia on the other are developing successfully and consistently. Strengthening relations with the young states of the region, China and Russia take into account each other's interests. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization plays an important role in this.
Eurasia On Chinese Data
China's exports grew in August. Nicholas Consonery, Eurasia Group.
Tarim Basin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tarim Basin
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The Tarim Basin is an endorheic basin in northwest China occupying an area of about 1,020,000 km2 (390,000 sq mi). Located in China's Xinjiang region, it is sometimes used synonymously to refer the southern half of the province, or Nanjiang (Chinese: 南疆; pinyin: Nánjiāng; literally: Southern Xinjiang), as opposed to the northern half of the province known as Dzungaria or Beijiang. Its northern boundary is the Tian Shan mountain range and its southern boundary is the Kunlun Mountains on the edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The Taklamakan Desert dominates much of the basin. The historical Uyghur name for the Tarim Basin is Altishahr (六域), which means six cities in Uyghur.
Xinjiang – Securing China’s Second Shore 3-D GIS Geovisual
Michael Patrick, UW Dept. of Geography
The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is arguably the remotest province of China, sparsely populated, landlocked in the center of the Asian landmass, and ringed by some of the highest mountains in the world. Past the mountains to the north lays the Siberian Steppe, to the west the deserts of Kazakhstan, and to the south lies the world’s ‘Third Pole’, the Tibetan Plateau. The centers of China’s vast population and teeming economy lie three thousand kilometers to the east. Xinjiang also borders on eight countries, India, Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.1 However remote it seems, Xinjiang is emerging as the pivotal location concentrating the strategic aspects of China’s future energy supply, security, economic growth, and sovereignty claims. Western attention has primarily focused the heavily populated Eastern maritime regions of China, but major trends are evolving that will require the development of a ‘Second Shore’ for China in Xinjiang, opening the path to Central Asia and Europe beyond, with consequences from Siberia to the Strait of Taiwan.
UWDOG
UW Department of Geography: Michael Patrick
Why China Is so Good at Building Railways
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Animation by Josh Sherrington
Sound by Graham Haerther (
Thumbnail by Simon Buckmaster
Special thanks to Patreon supporters
Alec Watson, Andrew J Thom, Braam Snyman, Bryan Yip, Chris Allen, Chris Barker, Connor J Smith, Daddy Donald, Etienne Dechamps, Eyal Matsliah, Hank Green, Harry Hendel, James Hughes, James McIntosh, John & Becki, Johnston, Keith Bopp, Kelly J Knight, Ken Lee, KyQuan, Phong, manoj kasyap govindaraju, Plinio Correa, Qui Le, Robin Pulkkinen, Sheldon Zhao, Simen Nerleir, Tim Robinson
China airspace time-lapse courtesy FlightRadar24.com
Air China 747 landing shot courtesy ZurichAirportSpotter
China Eastern 737 takeoff shot courtesy PDX Aviation
Tibet railway shots courtesy Steven Chen and PK Long
Music by
Select footage courtesy the AP Archive
Australia, the United States and the Asia Pacific Region
The Honorable Kevin Rudd MP
Book Launch: Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang