Puerto Rico | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Puerto Rico
00:04:46 1 Etymology
00:06:16 2 History
00:06:25 2.1 Pre-Columbian era
00:08:36 2.2 Spanish colony (1493–1898)
00:08:47 2.2.1 Conquest and early settlement
00:10:11 2.2.2 Colonization, the Habsburgs
00:13:44 2.2.3 Late colonial period
00:17:00 2.2.4 Politics of liberalism
00:20:54 2.3 American era (1898–present)
00:23:18 2.3.1 United States unincorporated organized territory (1900–1952)
00:25:07 2.3.1.1 U.S. citizenship and Puerto Rican citizenship
00:28:17 2.3.2 United States unincorporated organized territory with commonwealth constitution (1952–present)
00:30:15 2.3.3 iEstado Libre Asociado/i
00:36:14 2.4 Referendums on statehood or independence
00:40:40 2.5 United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization
00:41:57 2.5.1 International status
00:45:00 2.6 21st century
00:50:54 2.7 Political status
00:52:05 2.8 Hurricane Maria
00:54:56 2.8.1 Rebuilding efforts
00:56:51 2.8.2 Death toll
00:57:48 3 Geography
01:02:09 3.1 Climate
01:06:12 3.2 Biodiversity
01:07:27 4 Demographics
01:07:49 4.1 Population makeup
01:10:31 4.1.1 Population genetics
01:12:13 4.2 Immigration and emigration
01:14:13 4.3 Population distribution
01:14:50 4.4 Languages
01:17:08 4.5 Religion
01:22:38 5 Government
01:25:44 5.1 Political parties and elections
01:27:27 5.2 Law
01:29:13 5.3 Political status
01:29:41 5.3.1 Within the United States
01:34:02 5.4 Foreign and intergovernmental relations
01:37:21 5.5 Military
01:43:01 5.6 Administrative divisions
01:43:28 6 Economy
01:47:02 6.1 Heavy debt load
01:49:43 6.2 Public finances
01:55:01 6.3 Cost of living
01:59:04 7 Education
02:01:00 8 Public health and safety
02:05:50 8.1 Crime
02:06:21 9 Culture
02:08:04 9.1 Architecture
02:11:29 9.2 Arts
02:13:02 9.3 Literature
02:17:07 9.4 Media
02:18:04 9.5 Music
02:20:14 9.6 Cuisine
02:23:29 9.7 Philately
02:25:03 9.8 Sports
02:29:36 10 Infrastructure
02:32:09 11 See also
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SUMMARY
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Puerto Rico (Spanish for Rich Port), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit. Free Associated State of Puerto Rico) and briefly called Porto Rico, is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the northeast Caribbean Sea, approximately 1,000 miles (1,600 km) southeast of Miami, Florida.
An archipelago among the Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico includes the main island of Puerto Rico and a number of smaller ones, such as Mona, Culebra, and Vieques. The capital and most populous city is San Juan. Its official languages are Spanish and English, though Spanish predominates. The island's population is approximately 3.4 million. Puerto Rico's history, tropical climate, natural scenery, traditional cuisine, and tax incentives make it a destination for travelers from around the world.
Originally populated by the indigenous Taíno people, the island was claimed in 1493 by Christopher Columbus for Spain during his second voyage. Later it endured invasion attempts from the French, Dutch, and British. Four centuries of Spanish colonial government influenced the island's cultural landscapes with waves of African slaves, Canarian, and Andalusian settlers. In the Spanish Empire, Puerto Rico played a secondary, but strategic role when compared to wealthier colonies like Peru and the mainland parts of New Spain. Spain's distant administrative control continued up to the end of the 19th century, helping to produce a distinctive creole Hispanic culture and language that combined elements from the Native Americans, Africans, and Iberians. In 1898, following the Spanish–American War, the United States acquired Puerto Rico under the terms of the Treaty of Paris. The treaty took effect on April 11, 1899.Puerto Ricans are by law citizens of the United States and may move freely between the island and the mainland. As it is not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in the United States Congress, which governs the territory with full jurisdiction under the Puerto Rico Fe ...