Armenia/Yerevan (To Mt. Ararat-Ağrı Dağı) Part 4
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Mount Ararat,(Ağrı Dağı): 5165 m.
Mount Ararat is a snow-capped and dormant compound volcano in the extreme east of Turkey. It consists of two major volcanic cones: Greater Ararat, the highest peak in Turkey and the Armenian plateau with an elevation of 5,165 m (16,854 ft); and Little Ararat, with an elevation of 3,896 m (12,782 ft). The Ararat massif is about 40 km (25 mi) in diameter.
Despite the scholarly consensus that the mountains of Ararat of the Book of Genesis do not refer to specifically Mt. Ararat, it has been widely accepted in Christianity as the resting place of Noah's Ark. It is the principal national symbol of Armenia and has been considered a sacred mountain by Armenians. It is featured prominently in Armenian literature and art and is an icon for Armenian irredentism. Along with Noah's Ark, it is depicted on the coat of arms of Armenia.The first efforts to reach Ararat's summit were made in the Middle Ages. However, it was not until 1829 when Friedrich Parrot and Khachatur Abovian, accompanied by four others, made the first recorded ascent.
Geography: Mount Ararat is located in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey between the provinces of Ağrı and Iğdır, near the border with Iran, Armenia and Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan, between the Aras and Murat rivers. Its summit is located some 16 km (10 mi) west of the Turkey-Iran border and 32 km (20 mi) south of the Turco-Armenian border. The Ararat plain runs along its northwest to western side.
Elevation: An elevation of 5,165 m (16,946 ft) for Mount Ararat is still given by some authorities. However, a number of other sources, such as public domain and verifiable Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (STRM) data and a 2007 GPS measurement show that the alternatively widespread figure of 5,137 m (16,854 ft) is probably more accurate, and that the current elevation may be even lower due to the melting of its snow-covered ice cap. 5,137 m is also supported by numerous topographic maps.
Political borders: Mount Ararat forms a near-quadripoint between Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran. From the 16th century until 1828 Great Ararat's summit and the northern slopes, along with the eastern slopes of Little Ararat were part of Persia, while the range was part of the Ottoman-Persian border. Following the 1826–28 Russo-Persian War and the Treaty of Turkmenchay, the Persian controlled territory was ceded to the Russian Empire. Little Ararat became the point where the Turkish, Persian, and Russian imperial frontiers converged.The current international boundaries were formed throughout the 20th century. Wikipedia
Mount Ararat, Ağrı Province, Turkey, Asia
Mount Ararat is a snow-capped, dormant volcanic cone in Turkey. It has two peaks: Greater Ararat (the highest peak in Turkey, and the entire Armenian plateau with an elevation of 5,137 m or 16,854 ft) and Lesser Ararat (with an elevation of 3,896 m or 12,782 ft). The Ararat massif is about 40 km (25 mi) in diameter. The Iran-Turkey boundary skirts east of Lesser Ararat, the lower peak of the Ararat massif. It was in this area that, by the Tehran Convention of 1932, a border change was made in Turkey's favour, allowing it to occupy the eastern flank of Lesser Ararat. Mount Ararat in Judeo-Christian tradition is associated with the Mountains of Ararat where, according to the book of Genesis, Noah's ark came to rest. It also plays a significant role in Armenian culture and irredentism. The mountain can be seen on the Coat of arms of Armenia. Ararat - The Bible says that Noah's ark landed on the mountains of Ararat. This does not refer to any specific mountain or peak, but rather a mountain range within the region of Ararat, which was the name of an ancient proto-Armenian kingdom also known as Urartu. Nonetheless, one particular tradition identifies the mountain as Mount Masis, the highest peak in the Armenian Highland, which is therefore called Mount Ararat. (As opposed to the Armenian and European tradition, Semitic tradition identifies the mountain as Judi Dagh located in Turkey near Cizre). According to the medieval Armenian historian Moses of Khoren in his History of Armenia, the plain of Ayrarat (directly north of the mountain) got its name after King Ara the Handsome. Here the Assyrian Queen Semiramis is said to have lingered for a few days after the death of Ara. According to Thomson, the mountain is called Ararat corresponding to Ayrarat, the name of the province. Ağrı Dağı (Mountain of Ağrı) - The Ottoman Turkish name was 'Aghur Dagh' اغـر طﺎﻍ which means 'heavy mountain'. Ağrı is also a province in the Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey, which derived its name from the mountain in 1949. During the Ottoman Empire era the Ağrı village was originally called Karakilise (black church). Masis (Armenian: Մասիս) - is the Armenian name for the peak of Ararat, the plural 'Masiq' (Armenian: Մասիք) may refer to both peaks. The History of Armenia derives the name from a king Amasya, the great-grandson of the Armenian patriarch Hayk, who is said to have called the mountain Masis after his own name. Çiyayê Agirî (Fiery Mountain), Çiyayê Alavhat and Grîdax (Kurdish): This entire tree name referred a volcanic characteristic of Mount Ararat. It is the only name to have a clear, descriptive etymology while also indicating the preservation of folk memory. Kuh-e-Nuh (Noah's Mountain): (Persian: کوه نوح, IPA, Kuh-e Nuh), also influenced by the flood story, this time via the Islamic view of Noah. Mount Ararat is located in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey between Doğubayazıt and Iğdır, near the border with Iran, Armenia and Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan, between the Aras and Murat Rivers. Its summit is located some 16 km (10 mi) west of the Turkey-Iran border and 32 km (20 mi) south of the Turco-Armenian border. The Ararat plain runs along its northwest to western side. Ararat is a stratovolcano, formed of lava flows and pyroclastic ejecta, with no volcanic crater. Above the height of 4,100 m (13,451 ft), the mountain mostly consists of igneous rocks covered by an ice cap. A smaller 3,896 m (12,782 ft) cone, Little Ararat, rises from the same base, southeast of the main peak. The lava plateau stretches out between the two pinnacles. The bases of these two mountains is approximately 1,000 km2 (386 sq mi). The formation of Ararat is hard to retrieve geologically, but the type of vulcanism and the position of the volcano raise the idea that subduction relation vulcanism occurred when the Tethys Ocean closed during the Neogene. An elevation of 5,165 m (16,946 ft) for Mount Ararat is still given by some authorities. However, a number of other sources, such as public domain and verifiable SRTM data and a 2007 GPS measurement show that the alternatively widespread figure of 5,137 m (16,854 ft) is probably more accurate, and that the true elevation may be even lower due to the thick layer of snow-covered ice cap which permanently remains on the top of the mountain. 5,137 m is also supported by numerous topographic maps. It is not known when the last eruption of Ararat occurred; there are no historic or recent observations of large-scale activity recorded. It seems that Ararat was active in the 3rd millennium BC; under the pyroclastic flows, artifacts from the early Bronze Age and remains of human bodies have been found.
However, it is known that Ararat was shaken by a large earthquake in July 1840, the effects of which were largest in the neighborhood of the Ahora Gorge (a northeast trending chasm that drops 1,825 metres (5,988 ft) from the top of the mountain).
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Siem Reap (Khmer: ក្រុងសៀមរាប) is the capital city of Siem Reap Province in northwestern Cambodia, and a popular resort town as the gateway to Angkor region.
Siem Reap has colonial and Chinese-style architecture in the Old French Quarter, and around the Old Market. In the city, there are museums, traditional Apsara dance performances, Cambodian cultural village, souvenir and handy craft shops, silk farms, rice-paddy countryside, fishing villages and a bird sanctuary near the Tonle Sap Lake.
Siem Reap today—being a popular tourist destination—has a large number of hotels, resorts, restaurants and businesses closely related to tourism. This is much owed to its proximity to Angkor temples, the most popular tourist attraction in Cambodia. The name Siem Reap translates literally to the 'Defeat of Siam'—today’s Thailand—and refers to the centuries-old conflict between the Siamese and Khmer peoples. Under the rule of the Ayutthaya Kingdom in the 18th century, it was referred to as Nakhom Siam.
According to oral tradition, the name was given by King Ang Chan (1516–1566) as “Siem Reap”, meaning “the flat defeat of Siam” (Cambodians call Siam or Thailand “Siem”). It was because of Ang Chan's victory against a Siamese invasion, slaying Prince Ong, and capturing no less than 10,000 Siamese troops. **Source from Wikipedia**
Arter Island, Lake Van, Western Armenia (August 2016)
TRIP TO HOLLAND - THE NETHERLANDS
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Holland is a name in common usage given to a region in the western part of the Netherlands. The term Holland is also frequently used to refer to the whole of the Netherlands. This usage is generally accepted but disliked by many Dutch people in the other parts of the Netherlands.[1]
From the 10th century to the 16th century, Holland proper was a unified political region, a county ruled by the Count of Holland. By the 17th century, Holland had risen to become a maritime and economic power, dominating the other provinces of the Dutch Republic.
Today, the former County of Holland consists of the two Dutch provinces of North Holland and South Holland, which together include the Netherlands' three largest cities: country capital Amsterdam; seat of government The Hague; and Rotterdam, home of Europe's largest port.
Holland is situated in the west of the Netherlands. A maritime region, Holland lies on the North Sea at the mouths of the Rhine and the Meuse (Maas). It has numerous rivers and lakes and an extensive inland canal and waterway system. To the south is Zealand. The region is bordered on the east by the IJsselmeer and four different provinces of the Netherlands.
Holland is protected from the sea by a long line of coastal dunes. Most of the land area behind the dunes consists of polder landscape lying well below sea level. At present the lowest point in Holland is a polder near Rotterdam, which is about seven meters below sea level. Continuous drainage is necessary to keep Holland from flooding. In earlier centuries windmills were used for this task. The landscape was (and in places still is) dotted with windmills, which have become a symbol of Holland.
Holland is 7,494 square kilometres (land and water included), making it roughly 13% of the area of the Netherlands. Looking at land alone, it is 5,488 square kilometres in size. The combined population is 6.1 million.
The main cities in Holland are Amsterdam, Rotterdam and The Hague. Amsterdam is formally the capital of the Netherlands and its largest city. The Port of Rotterdam is Europe's largest and most important harbour and port. The Hague is the seat of government of the Netherlands. These cities, combined with Utrecht and other smaller municipalities, effectively form a single city—a conurbation called Randstad.
The Randstad area is one of the most densely populated regions of Europe, but still relatively free of urban sprawl. There are strict zoning laws. Population pressures are enormous, property values are high, and new housing is constantly under development on the edges of the built-up areas. Surprisingly, much of the province still has a rural character. The remaining agricultural land and natural areas are highly valued and protected. Most of the arable land is used for intensive agriculture, including horticulture and greenhouse agri-businesses.
Image of Holland at home and abroad
The predominance of Holland in the Netherlands has resulted in regionalism on the part of the other provinces. This is a reaction to the perceived threat that Holland poses to the identities and local cultures of the other provinces. The other provinces have a strong, and often negative,[9] image of Holland and the Hollanders, to whom certain qualities are ascribed within a mental geography, a conceptual mapping of spaces and their inhabitants.[10] On the other hand, some Hollanders take Holland's cultural dominance for granted and treat the concepts of Holland and the Netherlands as coincidental. Consequently, they see themselves not primarily as Hollanders, but simply as Dutch (Nederlanders).[11] This phenomenon has been called hollandocentrism.[12]
Holland tends to be associated with a particular image. The stereotypical image of Holland is an artificial amalgam of tulips, windmills, clogs, cheese and traditional dress (klederdracht). As is the case with many stereotypes, this is far from the truth and reality of life in Holland. This can at least in part be explained by the active exploitation of these stereotypes in promotions of Holland and the Netherlands. In fact only in a few of the more traditional villages, such as Volendam and locations in the Zaan area, are the different costumes with wooden shoes still worn by some inhabitants.
Mount Ararat - Agri Mountain [Agri / Turkey]
Mount Ararat - Agri Mountain
Standing the nearby cities of Agri and Igdir, at the borders of Turkey and Iran, Mount Agri is an inactive volcano capped year round with ice and snow and rises to 5137 meters. The Old Testament records that it was on this mountain that Noah's Ark came to rest after the great flood. Southwest of the mountain, the Little Mount Agri reaches up to 3896 meters; the Serdarbulak lava plateau stretches out between the two pinnacles. Climbing the spectacular Agri is a challenging and rewarding experience.
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Khor Virap Monastery, Lusarat, Ararat Province, Armenia, Eurasia
The Khor Virap is an Armenian Apostolic Church monastery located in the Ararat plain in Armenia, near the border with Turkey, about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of Artashat, Ararat Province. The monastery was host to a theological seminary and was the residence of Armenian Catholicos. Khor Virap's notability as a monastery and pilgrimage site is attributed to the fact that Grigor Lusavorich, who later became Saint Gregory the Illuminator, was initially imprisoned here for 13 years by King Tiridates III of Armenia. Saint Gregory subsequently became the king's religious mentor, and they led the proselytizing activity in the country. In the year 301, Armenia was the first country in the world to be declared a Christian nation. A chapel was initially built in 642 AD at the site of Kirat Virap by Nerses III the Builder as a mark of veneration to Saint Gregory. Over the centuries, it was repeatedly rebuilt. In 1662, the larger chapel known as the St. Astvatsatsin (Holy Mother of God) was built around the ruins of the old chapel, the monastery, the refectory and the cells of the monks. Now, regular Church services are held in this church. It is probably the most visited pilgrimage site in Armenia. The place of imprisonment virap nerk'in came to be known as the Virap or khor (deep), 'virap' meaning the Bottom most pit. Khor Virap is located on a hillock in Pokr Vedi; the village is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from the main highway. Yerevan, the capital and largest city of Armenia, is 30 kilometres (19 mi) to the north. It is situated about 100 metres (330 ft) away from the Turkish-Armenian border (sealed by barbed wire fencing) and defended by military establishments that guard the troubled border zone. The monastery is surrounded by green pasture lands and vineyards within the Ararat plain and is in view of Mount Ararat. The Arax (or Arakas) River flows close-by and the monastery is opposite of Aralykh. King Artashes I, founder of the Artashesid dynasty, established his Armenian capital at Artashat (also known as Artaxtisata) around 180 BC. It is believed that Hannibal, the Carthaginian General who was persecuted by Rome, was also instrumental in establishing Artashat. Artashat remained the capital of the dynasty till the reign of King Khosrov III (330--339) when it was moved to Dvin. Subsequently, Artashat was destroyed by the Persian King Shapur II. Artashat is close to the hillock of Khor Virap. Until its chapel was built, Khor Virap was used as royal prison. The Nerses chapel, built in the 5th century around the famous pit, was of white limestone. Though plain in appearance, a monastery was built around a large enclosure that surrounds the ruins of the old chapel. This church has a twelve sided tholobate and dome and is dedicated to S. Astvatsatsin. The altar pulpit is well decorated. Though most Armenian churches have an east-west orientation, placing the altar at the east end, St. Gevorg Chapel is oriented northwest-southeast. The pit where Gregory was imprisoned is southwest of the main church, underneath St. Gevorg Chapel which is a small basilica replete with a semicircular apse. Of the two pits inside the chapel, Grigor's is the farther one, 6 metres (20 ft) deep and 4.4 metres (14 ft) wide. The pit is approached through two unmarked holes. A small chamber, winding stairway, and a ladder lead to a small enclosure in the pit. To the right of the altar in the dungeon is the main room. A long ladder from here descends to a large cell of fairly good size, which was Grigor Lusavorich's prison cell. The climb down the well is to a depth of 60 metres (200 ft). The pit is well lit but the climb down the metal ladder requires sturdy shoes. It is also extremely humid down the pit in the summer months so be cautious and don't bring candles down as this adds to the heat. The 17th century church built around the pit is a simple structure surrounding a large courtyard which looks like a fort complex. Archaeological sites were excavated starting in 1970 in the thirteen hills (maximum height 70 metres (230 ft)) around Khor Virap and up to the valley of the river. Excavations in the hills 1 and 4, and sections of hills 5, 7 and 8 and of the neck of the land between Hills 1 and 2 are in progress. Some archaeological excavations have also been carried out outside the walls of the church at the site of Artashat, the capital of the Tiridat dynasty. In addition to ancient coins and potsherds, excavations have unearthed well preserved mud-brick fortifications on the north slope of the third hill from the northeast. The anniversary of the deliverance of Gregory is also celebrated in the Illuminator's cathedral built in Erivan.
Dinadiawan , Aurora Province | Beach near HOME
Weekend drive to Dinadiawan , Aurora
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Erzurum Turkey Tour after Kackar Mountains with Mount Ararat Trek by Amy Beam
mountararattrek.com - After finishing your Kackar Mountains expedition, drive from Yusufeli to Erzurum and spend the night. Next day visit the museum and take a shopping and walking tour of the historic sites and beautiful stone carvings on the facades of buildings. This is your last chance to buy camping equipment, sports clothing and hiking boots. Contact amybeam@yahoo.com for a Kackar Mountains group tour followed with the Erzurum tour, and to organize your summit of Mount Ararat (Ağrı Daği).
【K】Bulgaria Travel-Kazanlak[불가리아 여행-카잔루크]장미로 만든 오일/Rose Oil/Laboratory
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도심 가까이의 한 주택. 초여름 장미가 절정이다. 한반도의 절반 크기에 인구는 약 690만 명. 불가리아는 목축과 농업에 의존하는 농경사회다. 특히 카잔럭 지방은 3-400전부터 장미유를 생산해 오던 장미의 고장이다. 우리일행은 장미연구소를 방문했다. 이곳은 100년 전부터 의료용으로 150여종의 식물을 연구해왔다. 카잔럭은 특히 장미유 생산의 최적지란다. “장미 기름을 짜는 장미가 잘 자라는 이유는 기후조건 덕분인데요. 뒤쪽의 산맥 때문에 여름에 아주 신선해서 장미 안의 유분을 만드는데 최적의 조건입니다.” 100여종의 장미 중 장미기름이 나오는 것은 단 세 종류. ‘다마스쩨나’라고 부르는 이 분홍색 장미가 장미기름이 가장 많이 나오는 종. 수확한 장미는 곧 바로 인근 공장으로 옮겨진다. 이제부터 기름을 짜는 기술자들의 몫이다. 물이 펄펄 끓는 대형 솥에 장미를 넣는다. 대개 한 솥에 2톤가량의 물을 끓이고550kg의 장미를 넣어 네 가지의 공정을 거친다. 두 시간 가량 지나면 투명한 장미수가 나온다. 장미수에서 물을 증발 시키면 드디어 노란 장미유가 만들어진다. 이때가 가장 조심스럽고 긴장된 순간. 3000kg의 장미를 끓여 단 1kg의 장미유를 받아낸다니 귀하디귀한 기름이다. 마지막 공정은 플라스크에 담긴 물을 기름에서 분리하는 일. “아주 좋은 품질! 아주 좋은 품질입니다.” 대개 장미유 1리터에 약 6,000 유로, 우리 돈 900만 원 정도에 수출된단다. “아주 아름다운 향이군요. 꿀처럼 달콤한 향기가 나요.”
[English: Google Translator]
A house near the city center. The peak of summer roses. Population on the peninsula is about half the size of 6.9 million people. Bulgaria is an agrarian society dependent on herding and agriculture. Luck is a failure of the Kazan Province in particular ohdeon produce rose oil rose 3-400 ago. Our party visited the Rose Institute. It has been studied in 150 species of plants for medical 100 years ago. Kazan Miranda Luck is the best place in particular rose oil production. The reason that weave the rose oil rose that grows well indeyo Thanks to the climatic conditions. Very fresh to the optimum conditions to make the rose oil in the summer because of the mountains in the back. It's only three kinds of rose oil comes out of the 100 species of roses. Damask jjena 'called pink roses Most species of rose oil comes out. Roses are harvested soon be transferred to a nearby factory. Now is the role of technician knitter oil. Add the water rose to boiling a large pot. Usually boil 2 tons of water in a pot and put the roses go through the four steps of 550kg. After almost two hours, the number comes out transparent roses. When the water evaporates from the jangmisu finally made oil yellow roses. The most cautious and tense moments. Boil the rose produces 3000kg of rose oil in single 1kg you receive is your de-precious oil. The last step is one for separating the water from the oil contained in the flask. Very good quality! Very good quality, usually about 6,000 euros for rose oil 1 liter danda we exported 9 million won enough money. It is very beautiful scent. Do you like the sweet smell of honey.
[Information]
■클립명: 유럽093-불가리아03-03 장미로 만든 오일/Rose Oil/Laboratory
■여행, 촬영, 편집, 원고: 이은수 PD (travel, filming, editing, writing: KBS TV Producer)
■촬영일자: 2014년 6월 June
[Keywords]
유럽,Europe,,불가리아,Bulgaria,,,이은수,2014,6월 June