Russia Remembers Brutal Communist Murder of Royal Romanov Family With Holy Cross March!
The holy Royal Martyrs are among the most beloved of Russian saints today, and the annual Royal Days celebrations in their honor always draw a large number of pilgrims from throughout Russia and abroad.
This year, 60,000 Orthodox faithful gathered for the nighttime Liturgy at Church on the Blood in Ekaterinburg, built on the site where the Royal Family and their faithful servants were brutally slain, and the following procession to the Monastery of the Holy Royal Passion-Bearers in Ganina Yama, built on the site where their holy bodies were discarded, on the night of July 16-17, reports the Ekaterinburg Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.
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Ipatiev House - Romanov Memorial - Russian Royal Family Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Identity Case
ROYAL FAMILY MEDIA CENTRE DSMA-NOTICE NEWS MEDIA BLACKOUT:
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: I
British Royal Family well seasoned commentators are believed to have remarked that the genesis of the Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland identity theft case lies in the forging of the birth certificate which effectively brought about a wide cadre of public figures who took advantage following the death of his mother and father respectively HRH The Princess Marina Duchess of Kent and George 5th Duke of Sutherland later HRH Prince Edward Duke of Windsor and Sir Winston S. Churchill both godfathers to Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland during the formative years.
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: II
The Carroll Foundation Charitable Trust and parallel Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft case has revealed that the Scotland Yard criminal prosecution files contain a forensic evidential paper trail surrounding the fraudulent incorporation of HRH Charles Prince of Wales and Gerald Carroll Trusts companies which were specifically incorporated to impulse this massive City of London bank fraud heist spanning the globe.
UK Companies House “leaked” source have disclosed that the Prince’s Trust and Gerald Carroll Trusts fraudulent “dummy companies” which are named in the dossiers include the PYBT Development Fund (Northern) Ltd and the Prince’s Youth Business Trust (Southern) Ltd. Sources have said that the Prince Charles Gerald Carroll Trusts organisations focused on the major funding of young entrepreneurs within the much needed manufacturing industrial sector of the British economy.
Further sources have said that the priceless Carroll Foundation Trust trophies have also been named in the files concerning the theft of the entire collection which had a three million dollar valuation. It is understood that the trophies were a “central feature” in the wide ranging management of the Gerald Carroll Trusts good causes which involved the HM Queen Elizabeth II HRH Prince Edward Duke of Kent and HRH Charles Prince of Wales patronages.
Scotland Yard leaked sources have said that files are “centered around” the Red Cross the Royal Society of Portrait Painters the Royal Air Force Association the Royal Air Force Benevolent the Prince’s Trust the world renowned Carroll Chair of Irish History attached to Hertford College Oxford University and the Carroll House Annapolis Maryland Trust to name but a few.
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: III
The Carroll Foundation Trust and parallel Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft case which is encircling the Attorney General Geoffrey Cox QC has revealed that the HM Government use of the Official Secrets Act and a startling array of DSMA-Notice news media blackout protocols is thought to be the spectacular end game in this case of international importance.
Sources have revealed that the Farrer & Co law firm media partner Julian Pike who is known to represent the Rupert Murdoch News Corporation empire and Sky News are thought to be “closely monitoring” the unfolding developments in a case “centered around” the George 5th Duke of Sutherland estate and the Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust Gerald J. H. Carroll “life tenant” worldwide interests.
Further sources have confirmed that one of Gerald Carroll’s lawyers Withersworldwide based in the City of London fraudulently incorporated a shadow “criminal parallel trust” which embezzled a bewildering two hundred and fifty million dollars of Gerald Carroll's huge treasury investment holdings in this massive bank fraud spanning three continents.
10 Downing Street leaked sources have said that the FBI Scotland Yard cross-border criminal “standard of proof” prosecution files contain twenty eight forged falsified UK Companies House and State of Delaware “registered” Carroll Trust Corporations which are “directly linked” to the fraudulent incorporation of Barclays International British Virgin Islands Bahamas Cayman Islands offshore accounts and HSBC International Gibraltar Jersey offshore accounts.
In a stunning twist the Queen’s bankers Coutts & Co former Chairman Lord David Douglas-Home is also seriously implicated in the parallel fraudulent incorporation of Coutts & Co Gerald J. H. Carroll accounts along with the systematic break-ins burglaries seizures and criminal theft offences “targeted” at the Carroll Foundation Trust multi-million dollar Eaton Square Belgravia penthouse and Westminster residences in central London covering a bizarre parallel six to eight year period.
The Carroll Foundation Trust files are held within a complete lockdown at Scotland Yard London under the supervision of the Commissioner Cressida Dick QPM who has an intimate knowledge of this case which stretches the globe.
International News Networks: I
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Romanov Memorial - Ipatiev House TSAR DNA HEIR Russian Royal Family Duke of Sutherland Identity
ROYAL FAMILY MEDIA CENTRE DSMA-NOTICE NEWS MEDIA BLACKOUT:
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: I
The sensational Carroll Anglo-American Corporation Trust and parallel Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft liquidation bank fraud bribery case which is encircling Wall Street New York and the City of London banking institutions has revealed that President Putin is believed to have also joined a growing chorus of real concerns surrounding the inordinate delays to the arrests and prosecution of one of the the most dangerous trans-national crime syndicate operations in living memory.
Sources have confirmed that the new explosive FBI Scotland Yard cross-border criminal standard of proof prosecution files contain a startling litany of twenty eight forged and falsified UK Companies House and State of Delaware registered Carroll Trust Corporations that are centered around the fraudulent incorporation of dummy Russian Investment Corporation Trust conglomerate structures.
Further sources have disclosed that the dossiers contain a compelling forensic evidential paper trail which surrounds the shocking seizure and theft of Gerald Carroll’s priceless Kremlin Armoury Museum national treasures collections which were stolen by the targeted Withersworldwide and Slaughter & May law firms in concert with the Anthony Clarke Angels crime syndicate spanning an incredible eight to ten years.
The Carroll Foundation Trust files are held within a complete lockdown at the FBI Washington DC field office and the Metropolitan Police Scotland Yard London under the supervision of the Commissioner Cressida Dick QPM who is known to have an intimate knowledge of this major public interest case
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: II
The Carroll Foundation Trust and parallel Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft offshore tax fraud case which is encircling the former Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales Lord Harry Woolf of Barnes has disclosed that two High Court Judges respectively the recently retired Sir David Eady and the Lady Justice Sharp are understood to be both seriously implicated in this case of international importance.
Sources have confirmed that the explosive FBI Scotland Yard “cross-border” criminal “standard of proof” prosecution files contain a compelling evidential paper trail which surrounds the Sir David Eady and the Lady Justice Sharp “close links” with the “targeted” Slaughter & May and Goodman Derrick law firms trans-national crime syndicate who are known to have executed this massive bank fraud heist operation.
Scotland Yard leaked sources have disclosed that the former HM Treasury Permanent Secretaries Sir Peter Middleton and Lord Terence Burns are confronting major ongoing allegations of money laundering offshore tax fraud and bribery on an industrial scale. Sources have confirmed that the offences were committed during their tenure as the most senior civil servants at HM Treasury.
This source also said that Sir Peter Middleton later became Chairman of Barclays Plc whilst Lord Terence Burns assumed the role as Chairman of the Ofcom news media broadcasting regulatory authority which enabled them to effectively impulse the extended money laundering operation “targeted” at the Carroll Global Corporation Trust worldwide interests.
Well seasoned political observers in Westminster are known to have remarked that the current Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales Lord Ian Burnett of Maldon Essex will be a pivotal force behind the much needed conclusion to this sorry affair.
The Carroll Foundation Trust files are held within a complete lockdown at the FBI Washington DC field office and the Metropolitan Police Scotland Yard London under the supervision of the Commissioner Cressida Dick QPM who is known to have an intimate knowledge of this major public interest case.
International News Networks: I
International News Networks: II
British Consulate Ekaterinburg IPATIEV HOUSE ROMANOV MEMORIAL Gerald Duke of Sutherland Identity
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: I
British Royal Family well seasoned commentators are believed to have remarked that the genesis of the Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland identity theft scandal lies in the forging of the birth certificate which effectively brought about a wide cadre of public figures who took advantage following the death of his mother and father respectively HRH The Princess Marina Duchess of Kent and George 5th Duke of Sutherland later HRH Prince Edward Duke of Windsor and Sir Winston S. Churchill both godfathers to Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland during the formative years.
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: II
The Carroll Foundation Charitable Trust and parallel Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft case has revealed that the explosive Scotland Yard criminal “standard of proof” prosecution files contain a forensic evidential paper trail surrounding the fraudulent incorporation of HRH Charles Prince of Wales and Gerald Carroll Trusts companies which were specifically incorporated to impulse this massive City of London bank fraud heist spanning the globe.
UK Companies House “leaked” source have disclosed that the Prince’s Trust and Gerald Carroll Trusts fraudulent “dummy companies” which are named in the dossiers include the PYBT Development Fund (Northern) Ltd and the Prince’s Youth Business Trust (Southern) Ltd. Sources have said that the Prince Charles Gerald Carroll Trusts organisations focused on the major funding of young entrepreneurs within the much needed manufacturing industrial sector of the British economy.
Further sources have said that the priceless Carroll Foundation Trust trophies have also been named in the files concerning the theft of the entire collection which had a three million dollar valuation. It is understood that the trophies were a “central feature” in the wide ranging management of the Gerald Carroll Trusts good causes which involved the HM Queen Elizabeth II HRH Prince Edward Duke of Kent and HRH Charles Prince of Wales patronages.
Scotland Yard leaked sources have said that files are “centered around” the Red Cross the Royal Society of Portrait Painters the Royal Air Force Association the Royal Air Force Benevolent the Prince’s Trust the world renowned Carroll Chair of Irish History attached to Hertford College Oxford University and the Carroll House Annapolis Maryland Trust to name but a few.
In a stunning twist it has emerged that Sir Tom Shebbeare the former comptroller of the Prince’s Trust and HRH Charles Prince of Wales charities has been named as an “expert witness” concerning these shocking revelations in the Gerald Carroll Trusts debacle.
The Carroll Foundation Trust files are held within a complete lockdown at the FBI Washington DC field office and the Metropolitan Police Service Scotland Yard London under the supervision of the Commissioner Cressida Dick QPM who has an intimate knowledge of this major case of international importance.
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: III
Sources have confirmed that the City of London law firm Penningtons Manches premises were penetrated by the FBI Scotland Yard “targeted” Withersworldwide and Goodman Derrick law firms crime syndicate which removed Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust and Carroll Foundation Trust settlement deeds archival records in what was a bungled attempt to destroy a forensic paper trail leading back to this massive City of London bank fraud.
Further sources have said that the “Penningtons Manches blue file” dossiers contain compelling evidential material which surrounds the fraudulent incorporation of a Withers shadow “criminal parallel trust” that effectively embezzled a bewildering two hundred and fifty million dollars of Gerald Carroll’s huge treasury investment holdings which were held the Queen’s bankers Coutts & Co and Barclays International.
In a stunning twist it has emerged that the former HM Government Business Secretary Sir Vince Cable MP concealed a voluminous bundle of compelling criminal evidential material in his capacity as the Minister responsible for Companies House and the Insolvency Service. It is been disclosed that Sir Vince and his lawyers Goodman Derrick “conspired” with two High Court Judges in a bungled attempt to liquidate the Carroll Foundation Trust and the underlying Carroll Trust Corporations which continue to be retained “on register” at Companies House.
The disturbing insights into the Gerald Carroll Trusts debacle follows on from British and American media reports which have revealed that major parts of the Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust Gerald J. H. Carroll “life tenant” records were destroyed at the Pinney Talfourd law firm premises “in concert” with Wortley Byers solicitors Brentwood Essex. It is understood that both firms are also facing major allegations of money laundering tax fraud and obstruction in this case spanning three continents.
International News Networks:
Ekaterinburg Ipatiev House TSAR NICHOLAS II DNA HEIR GERALD 6TH DUKE OF SUTHERLAND British Monarchy
ROYAL FAMILY MEDIA CENTRE - OFCOM DSMA-NOTICE NEWS MEDIA BLACKOUT:
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: I
British Royal Family well seasoned commentators are believed to have remarked that the genesis of the Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland identity theft case lies in the forging of the birth certificate which effectively brought about a wide cadre of public figures who took advantage following the death of his mother and father respectively HRH The Princess Marina Duchess of Kent and George 5th Duke of Sutherland later HRH Prince Edward Duke of Windsor and Sir Winston S. Churchill both godfathers to Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland during the formative years.
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: II
The Carroll Foundation Charitable Trust and parallel Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft case has revealed that the explosive Scotland Yard criminal “standard of proof” prosecution files contain a forensic evidential paper trail surrounding the fraudulent incorporation of HRH Charles Prince of Wales and Gerald Carroll Trusts companies which were specifically incorporated to impulse this massive City of London bank fraud heist spanning the globe.
UK Companies House “leaked” source have disclosed that the Prince’s Trust and Gerald Carroll Trusts fraudulent “dummy companies” which are named in the dossiers include the PYBT Development Fund (Northern) Ltd and the Prince’s Youth Business Trust (Southern) Ltd. Sources have said that the Prince Charles Gerald Carroll Trusts organisations focused on the major funding of young entrepreneurs within the much needed manufacturing industrial sector of the British economy.
Further sources have said that the priceless Carroll Foundation Trust trophies have also been named in the files concerning the theft of the entire collection which had a three million dollar valuation. It is understood that the trophies were a “central feature” in the wide ranging management of the Gerald Carroll Trusts good causes which involved the HM Queen Elizabeth II HRH Prince Edward Duke of Kent and HRH Charles Prince of Wales patronages.
Scotland Yard leaked sources have said that files are “centered around” the Red Cross the Royal Society of Portrait Painters the Royal Air Force Association the Royal Air Force Benevolent the Prince’s Trust the world renowned Carroll Chair of Irish History attached to Hertford College Oxford University and the Carroll House Annapolis Maryland Trust to name but a few.
In a stunning twist it has emerged that Sir Tom Shebbeare the former comptroller of the Prince’s Trust and HRH Charles Prince of Wales charities has been named as an “expert witness” concerning these shocking revelations in the Gerald Carroll Trusts debacle.
The Carroll Foundation Trust files are held within a complete lockdown at the FBI Washington DC field office and the Metropolitan Police Service Scotland Yard London under the supervision of the Commissioner Cressida Dick QPM who has an intimate knowledge of this major case of international importance.
International News Networks: I
International News Networks: II
International News Networks: III
Romanov Centennial | All-night Liturgy & Procession to Ganina Yama
Broadcast of the all-night Divine Liturgy and procession from the Church on the Blood in the city of Yekaterinburg. The service was led by the most holy Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, Kirill.
This video is published in the framework of the project for the book The Romanov Royal Martyrs: What Silence Could Not Conceal.
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Sympathy for the Romanovs
A tour of the church in Ekaterinburg, Russia, where the Romanovs are memorialized, and under which they are buried--murdered by the Bolsheviks.
Ipatiev House Ekaterinburg British Monarchy Duke of Sutherland Identity Affair
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: I
The sensational Carroll Foundation Trust and parallel Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft offshore tax fraud bribery scandal which is encircling the beleaguered Lloyds Bank chairman Lord Blackwell has disclosed that this case is now regarded as one of the largest ever white collar organized crime bank fraud heist operations in living memory.
Sources have confirmed that the explosive FBI Scotland Yard cross-border criminal “standard of proof” prosecution files contain forensic specimen exhibits of forged and falsified Lloyds Bank accounts which are “directly linked” to the fraudulent incorporation of a Withers Worldwide law firm shadow “criminal parallel trust” which effectively impulsed the embezzlement of two hundred million dollars of the Carroll Foundation Trust’s huge treasury investment holdings that were held at the Queen’s bankers Coutts & Co and Barclays International.
Scotland Yard leaked sources have disclosed that the files have named the core cell high value suspects which includes Anthony Richard Clarke a trustee of the Carroll Foundation Trust who is currently trading under the corporate umbrella of a bewildering array of UK Companies House “registered” criminal front corporations based in a small suite of offices at 100 Pall Mall London close to Buckingham Palace and Scotland.
The Carroll Foundation Trust files are held within a complete lockdown at the FBI Washington DC field office and the Metropolitan Police Scotland Yard London under the supervision of the commissioner who is known to have an intimate knowledge of this case which stretches the globe spanning a staggering sixteen years.
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: II
The sensational Carroll Foundation Trust and parallel Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft offshore tax fraud bribery scandal has disclosed that yet another UK Law Society firm has been named in the explosive criminal “standard of proof” prosecution files which are currently “held in custody” at Scotland Yard.
Sources have confirmed that the City of London law firm Penningtons Manches premises were penetrated by the FBI Scotland Yard targeted Withers Worldwide law firm crime syndicate which removed Carroll Foundation Trust settlement deeds archival records in what was a bungled attempt to destroy a forensic paper trail leading back to this massive City of London bank fraud heist that stretches the globe.
Further sources have said that the “Penningtons Manches blue file” dossiers contain compelling evidential material which surrounds the fraudulent incorporation of a Withers Worldwide law firm shadow “criminal parallel trust” that effectively embezzled a mind boggling two hundred million dollars of Gerald Carroll’s huge treasury investment holdings which were held the Queen’s bankers Coutts & Co and Barclays Bank.
The latest disturbing insights into the Duke of Sutherland estate and Gerald Carroll Trust debacle which involves yet another law firm follows on from British and American media reports on the case which have revealed that major parts of the Gerald Carroll life tenant estate records were destroyed at the Pinney Talfourd law firm’s premises in Brentwood Essex.
Scotland Yard leaked sources have said that Haslers the accountancy firm with offices in Loughton Essex and Nassau Bahamas are known to be one of the pivotal “central actors” in this case spanning a staggering sixteen years.
The Carroll Foundation Trust files are held within a complete lockdown at the FBI Washington DC field office and the Metropolitan Police Scotland Yard London under the supervision of the commissioner who is known to have an intimate knowledge of this case of international importance.
International News Networks:
House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov TSAR ALEXANDER III Maria Feodorovna of Russia Identity Affair
ROYAL FAMILY MEDIA CENTRE - OFCOM DSMA-NOTICE NEWS MEDIA BLACKOUT:
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: I
British Royal Family well seasoned commentators are believed to have remarked that the genesis of the Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland identity theft case lies in the forging of the birth certificate which effectively brought about a wide cadre of public figures who took advantage following the death of his mother and father respectively HRH The Princess Marina Duchess of Kent and George 5th Duke of Sutherland later HRH Prince Edward Duke of Windsor and Sir Winston S. Churchill both godfathers to Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland during the formative years
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: II
The Carroll Foundation Charitable Trust and parallel Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft case has revealed that the explosive Scotland Yard criminal “standard of proof” prosecution files contain a forensic evidential paper trail surrounding the fraudulent incorporation of HRH Charles Prince of Wales and Gerald Carroll Trusts companies which were specifically incorporated to impulse this massive City of London bank fraud heist spanning the globe.
UK Companies House “leaked” source have disclosed that the Prince’s Trust and Gerald Carroll Trusts fraudulent “dummy companies” which are named in the dossiers include the PYBT Development Fund (Northern) Ltd and the Prince’s Youth Business Trust (Southern) Ltd. Sources have said that the Prince Charles Gerald Carroll Trusts organisations focused on the major funding of young entrepreneurs within the much needed manufacturing industrial sector of the British economy.
Further sources have said that the priceless Carroll Foundation Trust trophies have also been named in the files concerning the theft of the entire collection which had a three million dollar valuation. It is understood that the trophies were a “central feature” in the wide ranging management of the Gerald Carroll Trusts good causes which involved the HM Queen Elizabeth II HRH Prince Edward Duke of Kent and HRH Charles Prince of Wales patronages.
Scotland Yard leaked sources have said that files are “centered around” the Red Cross the Royal Society of Portrait Painters the Royal Air Force Association the Royal Air Force Benevolent the Prince’s Trust the world renowned Carroll Chair of Irish History attached to Hertford College Oxford University and the Carroll House Annapolis Maryland Trust to name but a few.
In a stunning twist it has emerged that Sir Tom Shebbeare the former comptroller of the Prince’s Trust and HRH Charles Prince of Wales charities has been named as an “expert witness” concerning these shocking revelations in the Gerald Carroll Trusts debacle.
The Carroll Foundation Trust files are held within a complete lockdown at the FBI Washington DC field office and the Metropolitan Police Service Scotland Yard London under the supervision of the Commissioner Cressida Dick QPM who has an intimate knowledge of this major case of international importance.
MAINSTREAM NEWS MEDIA EXTRACTS: III
The Carroll Foundation Trust and parallel Gerald 6th Duke of Sutherland Trust multi-billion dollar corporate identity theft liquidation bank fraud case which is encircling the former Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales Lord Harry Woolf of Barnes has disclosed that two High Court Judges respectively the recently retired Sir David Eady and the Lady Justice Sharp are understood to be both seriously implicated in this case of international importance.
Sources have confirmed that the explosive FBI Scotland Yard “cross-border” criminal prosecution files contain a compelling evidential paper trail which surrounds the Sir David Eady and the Lady Justice Sharp “close links” with the “targeted” WGS Solicitors Withersworldwide and Goodman Derrick law firms crime syndicate who are known to have executed this massive bank fraud heist spanning the globe.
Scotland Yard leaked sources have disclosed that the former HM Treasury Permanent Secretaries Sir Peter Middleton and Lord Terence Burns are confronting major ongoing allegations of money laundering offshore tax fraud and bribery on an industrial scale. Sources have confirmed that the offences were committed during their tenure as the most senior civil servants at HM Treasury.
This source also said that Sir Peter Middleton later became Chairman of Barclays Plc whilst Lord Terence Burns assumed the role as Chairman of the Ofcom news media broadcasting regulatory authority which enabled them to effectively impulse the extended money laundering operation “targeted” at the Carroll Global Corporation Trust worldwide interests.
Well seasoned political observers in Westminster are known to have remarked that the current Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales Lord Ian Burnett of Maldon Essex will be a pivotal force behind the much needed conclusion to this sorry affair.
International News Networks:
Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia
Alexei Nikolaevich of the House of Romanov, was the Tsesarevich and heir apparent to the throne of the Russian Empire. He was the youngest child and only son of Emperor Nicholas II and Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. He was born with hemophilia; his mother's reliance on the starets Grigori Rasputin to treat the disease helped bring about the end of the Romanov dynasty. After the February Revolution of 1917, he and his family were sent into internal exile in Tobolsk, Siberia. He was murdered alongside his parents, four sisters, and three retainers during the Russian Civil War by order of the Bolshevik government, though rumors that he had survived persisted until the 2007 discovery of his and one of his sisters' remains. The family was formally interred on 17 July 1998—the eightieth anniversary of the murder—and were canonized as passion bearers by the Russian Orthodox Church in 2000.
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When Fashion Meets a Mystery, by Ellen Byerrum
How does the world of “Fashion” get involved with a mystery? What’s a “fashion clue”? And where do ideas for mystery novels come from, anyway? The origins of my mystery, RAIDERS OF THE LOST CORSET, just re-released in a new trade paperback edition, include the Russian Revolution, the execution of the Romanovs, and corsets and the art of corset-making. Join me this Fashion Bites Friday for some thoughts on RAIDERS. And I’ll read the opening pages of the book!
I'm Ellen Byerrum, the author of the bestselling Crime of Fashion Mystery series. My murder mysteries combine comedy, mystery, romance and fashion, and they feature Lacey Smithsonian, a fashion reporter who solves serious crimes with fashion clues in Washington, DC -- The City That Fashion Forgot. Welcome to my channel, Ellen Byerrum's Fashion Bites, where I offer brief humorous bites of fashion and style advice for REAL women -- because fashion can be MURDER! I also talk about my books, my adventures in fashion and style, and my life as a mystery writer.
Everyone is invited to my costume party, because everyone wears clothes, right? Everyone wants to look their best and tell the story they want to tell with what they wear. Visit weekly for new Fashion Bites, and I welcome your comments. Subscribe and I’ll see you soon!
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Josip Broz Tito | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Josip Broz Tito
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Josip Broz (Cyrillic: Јосип Броз, pronounced [jǒsip brôːz]; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito (; Cyrillic: Тито, pronounced [tîto]), was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary and political leader, serving in various roles from 1943 until his death in 1980. During World War II, he was the leader of the Partisans, often regarded as the most effective resistance movement in occupied Europe. While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian and concerns about the repression of political opponents have been raised, some historians consider him a benevolent dictator. He was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad. Viewed as a unifying symbol, his internal policies maintained the peaceful coexistence of the nations of the Yugoslav federation. He gained further international attention as the chief leader of the Non-Aligned Movement, alongside Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Sukarno of Indonesia, and Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana.Broz was born to a Croat father and Slovene mother in the village of Kumrovec, Austria-Hungary (now in Croatia). Drafted into military service, he distinguished himself, becoming the youngest sergeant major in the Austro-Hungarian Army of that time. After being seriously wounded and captured by the Imperial Russians during World War I, he was sent to a work camp in the Ural Mountains. He participated in some events of the Russian Revolution in 1917 and subsequent Civil War. Upon his return home, Broz found himself in the newly established Kingdom of Yugoslavia, where he joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ).
He was General Secretary (later Chairman of the Presidium) of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1939–1980) and went on to lead the World War II Yugoslav guerrilla movement, the Partisans (1941–1945). After the war, he was the Prime Minister (1944–1963), President (later President for Life) (1953–1980) of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). From 1943 to his death in 1980, he held the rank of Marshal of Yugoslavia, serving as the supreme commander of the Yugoslav military, the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). With a highly favourable reputation abroad in both Cold War blocs, he received some 98 foreign decorations, including the Legion of Honour and the Order of the Bath.
Tito was the chief architect of the second Yugoslavia, a socialist federation that lasted from November 1942 until April 1992. Despite being one of the founders of Cominform, he became the first Cominform member to defy Soviet hegemony in 1948 and the only one in Joseph Stalin's time to manage to leave Cominform and begin with its own socialist program with elements of market socialism. Economists active in the former Yugoslavia, including Czech-born Jaroslav Vanek and Croat-born Branko Horvat, promoted a model of market socialism dubbed the Illyrian model, where firms were socially owned by their employees and structured on workers' self-management and competed with each other in open and free markets.
World War I | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
World War I
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the war to end all wars, it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. An estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a direct result of the war, and it also contributed to later genocides and the 1918 influenza pandemic, which caused between 50 and 100 million deaths worldwide. Military losses were exacerbated by new technological and industrial developments and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political changes, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923, in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of World War II about twenty years later.On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb Yugoslav nationalist, assassinated the Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, leading to the July Crisis. In response, on 23 July Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia. Serbia's reply failed to satisfy the Austrians, and the two moved to a war footing.
A network of interlocking alliances enlarged the crisis from a bilateral issue in the Balkans to one involving most of Europe. By 1914, the great powers of Europe were divided into two coalitions: the Triple Entente—consisting of France, Russia and Britain—and the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy (the Triple Alliance was primarily defensive in nature, allowing Italy to stay out of the war in 1914). Russia felt it necessary to back Serbia, on 25 July issuing orders for the 'period preparatory to war', and after Austria-Hungary shelled the Serbian capital of Belgrade on the 28th, partial mobilisation was approved of the military districts nearest to Austria. General Russian mobilisation was announced on the evening of 30 July; on the 31st, Austria-Hungary and Germany did the same, while Germany demanded Russia demobilise within 12 hours. When Russia failed to comply, Germany declared war on 1 August in support of Austria-Hungary, with Austria-Hungary following suit on 6th; France ordered full mobilisation in support of Russia on 2 August.German strategy for a war on two fronts against France and Russia was to concentrate the bulk of its army in the West to defeat France within four weeks, then shift forces to the East before Russia could fully mobilise; this was later known as the Schlieffen Plan. On 2 August, Germany demanded free passage through Belgium, an essential element in achieving a quick victory over France. When this was refused, German forces entered Belgium early on the morning of 3 August and declared war with France the same day; the Belgian government invoked the 1839 Treaty of London and in compliance with its obligations under this, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August. On 12 August, Britain and France also declared war on Austria-Hungary; on the 23rd, Japan sided with the Entente, seizing the opportunity to expand its sphere of influence by capturing German possessions in China and the Pacific. The war was fought in and drew upon each powers' colonial empires as well, spreading the conflict across the globe. The Entente and its allies would eventually become known as the Allied Powers, while the grouping of Austria-Hungary and Germany would become known as the Central Powers.
The German advance into France was halted at the Battle of the Marne and by the end of 1914, the Western Front settled into a battle of attrition, marked by a long series of trench lines that changed little until 1917. The Eastern Front was marked by much greater exchanges of territory, but though Serbia was defeated in 1915, and Rom ...
World War 1 | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:07:53 1 Names
00:09:18 2 Background
00:09:27 2.1 Political and military alliances
00:12:19 2.2 Arms race
00:14:49 2.3 Conflicts in the Balkans
00:16:20 3 Prelude
00:16:29 3.1 Sarajevo assassination
00:18:51 3.2 Expansion of violence in Bosnia and Herzegovina
00:19:55 3.3 July Crisis
00:24:37 4 Progress of the war
00:24:46 4.1 Opening hostilities
00:24:55 4.1.1 Confusion among the Central Powers
00:25:50 4.1.2 Serbian campaign
00:26:38 4.1.3 German Offensive in Belgium and France
00:30:16 4.1.4 Asia and the Pacific
00:31:30 4.1.5 African campaigns
00:32:18 4.1.6 Indian support for the Allies
00:34:01 4.2 Western Front
00:34:10 4.2.1 Trench warfare begins
00:36:45 4.2.2 Continuation of trench warfare
00:40:58 4.3 Naval war
00:46:23 4.4 Southern theatres
00:46:32 4.4.1 War in the Balkans
00:50:38 4.4.2 Ottoman Empire
00:55:59 4.4.3 Italian participation
01:01:03 4.4.4 Romanian participation
01:04:21 4.5 Eastern Front
01:04:29 4.5.1 Initial actions
01:05:28 4.5.2 Russian Revolution
01:08:23 4.5.3 Czechoslovak Legion
01:10:01 4.6 Central Powers peace overtures
01:12:01 4.7 1917–1918
01:12:21 4.7.1 Developments in 1917
01:15:52 4.7.2 Ottoman Empire conflict, 1917–1918
01:19:27 4.7.3 15 August 1917: Peace offer by the Pope
01:20:37 4.7.4 Entry of the United States
01:24:44 4.7.5 German Spring Offensive of 1918
01:28:54 4.7.6 New states enter the war
01:30:24 4.8 Allied victory: summer 1918 onwards
01:30:35 4.8.1 Hundred Days Offensive
01:33:03 4.8.1.1 Battle of Albert
01:34:50 4.8.2 Allied advance to the Hindenburg Line
01:37:00 4.8.3 German Revolution 1918–1919
01:38:08 4.8.4 New German government surrenders
01:39:15 4.8.5 Armistices and capitulations
01:43:13 5 Aftermath
01:43:58 5.1 Formal end of the war
01:46:10 5.2 Peace treaties and national boundaries
01:51:31 5.3 National identities
01:55:38 5.4 Health effects
01:59:52 6 Technology
02:00:01 6.1 Ground warfare
02:06:16 6.1.1 Areas taken in major attacks
02:08:06 6.2 Naval
02:09:08 6.3 Aviation
02:11:34 7 War crimes
02:11:43 7.1 Baralong incidents
02:12:46 7.2 Torpedoing of HMHS iLlandovery Castle/i
02:13:40 7.3 Blockade of Germany
02:14:36 7.4 Chemical weapons in warfare
02:16:51 7.5 Genocide and ethnic cleansing
02:17:01 7.5.1 Ottoman Empire
02:18:56 7.5.2 Russian Empire
02:19:24 7.6 Rape of Belgium
02:21:01 8 Soldiers' experiences
02:21:42 8.1 Prisoners of war
02:25:59 8.2 Military attachés and war correspondents
02:26:27 9 Support for the war
02:30:55 10 Opposition to the war
02:37:30 11 Conscription
02:37:58 11.1 Canada
02:38:29 11.2 Australia
02:39:46 11.3 Britain
02:41:31 11.4 United States
02:43:52 11.5 Austria-Hungary
02:44:39 12 Diplomacy
02:45:36 13 Legacy and memory
02:46:01 13.1 Historiography
02:46:49 13.2 Memorials
02:48:45 13.3 Cultural memory
02:52:07 13.4 Social trauma
02:53:27 13.5 Discontent in Germany
02:55:43 13.6 Economic effects
03:02:54 14 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
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Speaking Rate: 0.8774969973351399
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the war to end all wars, it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. It is also one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilian deaths as a direct result of the war, while resulting genocides and the 1918 influenza pandemic caused another 50 to 100 million deaths worldwide.On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb Yugoslav nationalist, assassinated the Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, leading to the July Crisis. In response, on 23 ...
World War I | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
World War I
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the war to end all wars, it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. An estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a direct result of the war, and it also contributed to later genocides and the 1918 influenza pandemic, which caused between 50 and 100 million deaths worldwide. Military losses were exacerbated by new technological and industrial developments and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political changes, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923, in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of World War II about twenty years later.On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb Yugoslav nationalist, assassinated the Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, leading to the July Crisis. In response, on 23 July Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia. Serbia's reply failed to satisfy the Austrians, and the two moved to a war footing.
A network of interlocking alliances enlarged the crisis from a bilateral issue in the Balkans to one involving most of Europe. By 1914, the great powers of Europe were divided into two coalitions: the Triple Entente—consisting of France, Russia and Britain—and the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy (the Triple Alliance was primarily defensive in nature, allowing Italy to stay out of the war in 1914). Russia felt it necessary to back Serbia, on 25 July issuing orders for the 'period preparatory to war', and after Austria-Hungary shelled the Serbian capital of Belgrade on the 28th, partial mobilisation was approved of the military districts nearest to Austria. General Russian mobilisation was announced on the evening of 30 July; on the 31st, Austria-Hungary and Germany did the same, while Germany demanded Russia demobilise within 12 hours. When Russia failed to comply, Germany declared war on 1 August in support of Austria-Hungary, with Austria-Hungary following suit on 6th; France ordered full mobilisation in support of Russia on 2 August.German strategy for a war on two fronts against France and Russia was to concentrate the bulk of its army in the West to defeat France within four weeks, then shift forces to the East before Russia could fully mobilise; this was later known as the Schlieffen Plan. On 2 August, Germany demanded free passage through Belgium, an essential element in achieving a quick victory over France. When this was refused, German forces entered Belgium early on the morning of 3 August and declared war with France the same day; the Belgian government invoked the 1839 Treaty of London and in compliance with its obligations under this, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August. On 12 August, Britain and France also declared war on Austria-Hungary; on the 23rd, Japan sided with the Entente, seizing the opportunity to expand its sphere of influence by capturing German possessions in China and the Pacific. The war was fought in and drew upon each powers' colonial empires as well, spreading the conflict across the globe. The Entente and its allies would eventually become known as the Allied Powers, while the grouping of Austria-Hungary and Germany would become known as the Central Powers.
The German advance into France was halted at the Battle of the Marne and by the end of 1914, the Western Front settled into a battle of attrition, marked by a long series of trench lines that changed little until 1917. The Eastern Front was marked by much greater exchanges of territory, but though Serbia was defeated in 1915, and Rom ...
First World War | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
First World War
00:06:48 1 Names
00:09:48 2 Background
00:09:57 2.1 Political and military alliances
00:12:25 2.2 Arms race
00:14:34 2.3 Conflicts in the Balkans
00:15:54 3 Prelude
00:16:03 3.1 Sarajevo assassination
00:18:08 3.2 Expansion of violence in Bosnia and Herzegovina
00:19:05 3.3 July Crisis
00:23:12 4 Progress of the war
00:23:21 4.1 Opening hostilities
00:23:30 4.1.1 Confusion among the Central Powers
00:24:17 4.1.2 Serbian campaign
00:24:59 4.1.3 German Offensive in Belgium and France
00:28:12 4.1.4 Asia and the Pacific
00:29:18 4.1.5 African campaigns
00:30:01 4.1.6 Indian support for the Allies
00:31:30 4.2 Western Front
00:31:39 4.2.1 Trench warfare begins
00:33:54 4.2.2 Continuation of trench warfare
00:37:33 4.3 Naval war
00:42:15 4.4 Southern theatres
00:42:24 4.4.1 War in the Balkans
00:46:00 4.4.2 Ottoman Empire
00:50:36 4.4.3 Italian participation
00:54:43 4.4.4 Romanian participation
00:57:39 4.5 Eastern Front
00:57:47 4.5.1 Initial actions
00:58:39 4.5.2 Russian Revolution
01:01:18 4.5.3 Czechoslovak Legion
01:02:43 4.6 Central Powers peace overtures
01:04:27 4.7 1917–1918
01:04:45 4.7.1 Developments in 1917
01:07:48 4.7.2 Ottoman Empire conflict, 1917–1918
01:10:53 4.7.3 15 August 1917: Peace offer by the Pope
01:11:55 4.7.4 Entry of the United States
01:15:30 4.7.5 German Spring Offensive of 1918
01:19:05 4.7.6 New states enter the war
01:20:23 4.8 Allied victory: summer 1918 onwards
01:20:34 4.8.1 Hundred Days Offensive
01:22:42 4.8.1.1 Battle of Albert
01:24:15 4.8.2 Allied advance to the Hindenburg Line
01:26:05 4.8.3 German Revolution 1918-1919
01:27:04 4.8.4 New German government surrenders
01:28:03 4.8.5 Armistices and capitulations
01:31:30 5 Aftermath
01:32:11 5.1 Formal end of the war
01:34:02 5.2 Peace treaties and national boundaries
01:38:33 5.3 National identities
01:41:52 5.4 Health effects
01:45:21 6 Technology
01:45:30 6.1 Ground warfare
01:50:58 6.1.1 Areas taken in major attacks
01:52:34 6.2 Naval
01:53:29 6.3 Aviation
01:55:35 7 War crimes
01:55:44 7.1 Baralong incidents
01:56:40 7.2 Torpedoing of HMHS iLlandovery Castle/i
01:57:27 7.3 Blockade of Germany
01:58:16 7.4 Chemical weapons in warfare
02:00:16 7.5 Genocide and ethnic cleansing
02:00:25 7.5.1 Ottoman Empire
02:02:04 7.5.2 Russian Empire
02:02:29 7.6 Rape of Belgium
02:03:54 8 Soldiers' experiences
02:04:30 8.1 Prisoners of war
02:08:11 8.2 Military attachés and war correspondents
02:08:37 9 Support for and opposition to the war
02:08:48 9.1 Support
02:12:19 9.2 Opposition
02:18:01 9.3 Conscription
02:18:27 9.3.1 Conscription in Canada
02:18:54 9.3.2 Conscription in Australia
02:19:25 9.3.3 Conscription in Britain
02:20:55 9.3.4 United States
02:22:56 9.3.5 Austria-Hungary
02:23:38 9.4 Diplomacy
02:24:29 10 Legacy and memory
02:24:53 10.1 Historiography
02:25:36 10.2 Memorials
02:27:16 10.3 Cultural memory
02:30:08 10.4 Social trauma
02:31:17 10.5 Discontent in Germany
02:33:15 10.6 Economic effects
02:39:28 11 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the war to end all wars, it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. An estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a direct result of the war, and it also contributed to later genocides and the 1918 influenza pandemic, which caused between 50 and 100 million deaths worldwide. Military losses were exacerbated by new technological and industrial developments and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political changes, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923, in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries ...
World War One | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:08:36 1 Names
00:10:12 2 Background
00:10:21 2.1 Political and military alliances
00:13:25 2.2 Arms race
00:16:07 2.3 Conflicts in the Balkans
00:17:46 3 Prelude
00:17:55 3.1 Sarajevo assassination
00:20:29 3.2 Expansion of violence in Bosnia and Herzegovina
00:21:39 3.3 July Crisis
00:26:43 4 Progress of the war
00:26:53 4.1 Opening hostilities
00:27:02 4.1.1 Confusion among the Central Powers
00:28:01 4.1.2 Serbian campaign
00:28:52 4.1.3 German Offensive in Belgium and France
00:32:51 4.1.4 Asia and the Pacific
00:34:13 4.1.5 African campaigns
00:35:05 4.1.6 Indian support for the Allies
00:36:55 4.2 Western Front
00:37:04 4.2.1 Trench warfare begins
00:39:54 4.2.2 Continuation of trench warfare
00:44:28 4.3 Naval war
00:50:22 4.4 Southern theatres
00:50:32 4.4.1 War in the Balkans
00:55:02 4.4.2 Ottoman Empire
01:00:45 4.4.3 Italian participation
01:06:13 4.4.4 Romanian participation
01:09:43 4.5 Eastern Front
01:09:52 4.5.1 Initial actions
01:10:55 4.5.2 Russian Revolution
01:14:02 4.5.3 Czechoslovak Legion
01:15:48 4.6 Central Powers peace overtures
01:17:58 4.7 1917–1918
01:18:20 4.7.1 Developments in 1917
01:22:09 4.7.2 Ottoman Empire conflict, 1917–1918
01:26:02 4.7.3 15 August 1917: Peace offer by the Pope
01:27:15 4.7.4 Entry of the United States
01:31:47 4.7.5 German Spring Offensive of 1918
01:36:17 4.7.6 New states enter the war
01:37:52 4.8 Allied victory: summer 1918 onwards
01:38:05 4.8.1 Hundred Days Offensive
01:40:45 4.8.1.1 Battle of Albert
01:42:41 4.8.2 Allied advance to the Hindenburg Line
01:45:02 4.8.3 German Revolution 1918–1919
01:46:15 4.8.4 New German government surrenders
01:47:28 4.8.5 Armistices and capitulations
01:51:47 5 Aftermath
01:52:36 5.1 Formal end of the war
01:54:56 5.2 Peace treaties and national boundaries
02:00:40 5.3 National identities
02:05:13 5.4 Health effects
02:09:40 6 Technology
02:09:49 6.1 Ground warfare
02:16:41 6.1.1 Areas taken in major attacks
02:18:41 6.2 Naval
02:19:48 6.3 Aviation
02:22:27 7 War crimes
02:22:37 7.1 Baralong incidents
02:23:44 7.2 Torpedoing of HMHS iLlandovery Castle/i
02:24:42 7.3 Blockade of Germany
02:25:42 7.4 Chemical weapons in warfare
02:28:12 7.5 Genocide and ethnic cleansing
02:28:22 7.5.1 Ottoman Empire
02:30:24 7.5.2 Russian Empire
02:30:54 7.6 Rape of Belgium
02:32:38 8 Soldiers' experiences
02:33:22 8.1 Prisoners of war
02:37:58 8.2 Military attachés and war correspondents
02:38:29 9 Support for the war
02:43:19 10 Opposition to the war
02:50:31 11 Conscription
02:51:01 11.1 Canada
02:51:33 11.2 Australia
02:52:56 11.3 Britain
02:54:49 11.4 United States
02:57:19 11.5 Austria-Hungary
02:58:11 12 Diplomacy
02:59:13 13 Legacy and memory
02:59:41 13.1 Historiography
03:00:33 13.2 Memorials
03:02:37 13.3 Cultural memory
03:06:18 13.4 Social trauma
03:07:43 13.5 Discontent in Germany
03:10:10 13.6 Economic effects
03:18:01 14 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8523601930926061
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the war to end all wars, it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. It is also one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilian deaths as a direct result of the war, while resulting genocides and the 1918 influenza pandemic caused another 50 to 100 million deaths worldwide.On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb Yugoslav nationalist, assassinated the Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, leading to the July Crisis. In response, on 23 ...