«Царицынские истории». Царицын - в неизвестных деталях и неожиданных подробностях.
Здание старой синагоги в центре Волгограда стоит более 100 лет.
«Волга – великая русская река». Так оно и есть, как сегодня, так и очень давно. Однако были времена, когда для России земля, на которой стоит наш город, была чужой и неизведанной. Русский человек не показывался в этих краях, а на берегах Волги ставили крепости другие народы. Так было ещё в XVI веке и было бы и позже, если бы на этих берегах не появился бы наш город, тогда ещё крепость – Царицын.
В самом начале своей истории, в XVI и XVII веках, Царицын был почти полностью деревянным. Вокруг города был возведён земельный вал, на котором стояли деревянные крепостные стены, из дерева же были построены все дома в городе. Такими же были и церкви. Первое каменное здание появилось в Царицыне только в начале XVIII века, и этим зданием стала церковь Иоанна Предтечи, возрождённая в наши дни.
Царицын, Сталинград, Волгоград – это разные исторические эпохи одного города на Волге. Эта история трех городов и героических людей, которые не раз показывали как дорога им Родина…
Волгоград – один из крупнейших городов Поволжья, история которого насчитывает несколько веков. Первые упоминания о городе, простирающемся по волжскому правобережью приблизительно на 70 км, относятся к 1589 году, когда перед Русским государством встала острая необходимость охраны нового транспортного пути — реки Волги. Тогда-то и был основан город Царицын, через несколько столетий переименованный в Сталинград, а затем в Волгоград.
История родного края - в неизвестных деталях и неожиданных подробностях. «Царицынские истории», рассказанные краеведом Романом Шкодой - это путешествие во времени, знакомство с известными личностями дореволюционного Царицына, загадки и легенды старого города. «Царицынские истории».
Россия, Волгоград, канал МТВ, автор Роман Шкода.
v102.ru - Новости Волгоградской области и Волгограда.
Источник: Первый Волгоградский канал
Да снизойдет на Вас Божия благодать!
Приход храма Святого праведного Иоанна Кронштадтского Чудотворца. Волгоград. Россия.
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History of the Jews in Russia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of the Jews in Russia
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SUMMARY
=======
Jews in Russia have historically constituted a large religious diaspora; the vast territories of the Russian Empire at one time hosted the largest population of Jews in the world. Within these territories the primarily Ashkenazi Jewish communities of many different areas flourished and developed many of modern Judaism's most distinctive theological and cultural traditions, while also facing periods of anti-Semitic discriminatory policies and persecutions. The largest group among Russian Jews are Ashkenazi Jews, but the community also includes a significant number of other Diasporan Jewish groups, such as Mountain Jews, Sephardic Jews, Crimean Karaites, Krymchaks, Bukharan Jews, and Georgian Jews.
The presence of Jewish people in the European part of Russia can be traced to the 7th–14th centuries CE. In the 11th and 12th centuries, the Jewish population in Kiev, in present-day Ukraine, was restricted to a separate quarter. Evidence of the presence of Jewish people in Muscovite Russia is first documented in the chronicles of 1471. During the reign of Catherine II in the 18th century, Jewish people were restricted to the Pale of Settlement within Russia, the territory where they could live or immigrate to. Alexander III escalated anti-Jewish policies. Beginning in the 1880s, waves of anti-Jewish pogroms swept across different regions of the empire for several decades. More than two million Jews fled Russia between 1880 and 1920, mostly to the United States and what is today the State of Israel.The Pale of Settlement took away many of the rights that the Jewish people of the late 17th century Russia were experiencing. At this time, the Jewish people were restricted to an area of what is current day Belarus, Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine. Where Western Europe was experiencing emancipation at this time, the laws for the Jewish people were getting more strict. The general attitude towards Jewish people was to look down on the religion and the people. It was as both a religion and a race, something that one could not escape if they tried. Slowly, the Jewish people were allowed to move further east towards a less crowded population. This was a small change, and did not come to all Jewish people, and not even a small minority of them. In this more spread out area, the Jewish people lived in communities, known as Schtetls. These communities were very similar to what would be known as ghettos in World War II, with the cramped and subpar living conditions.Before 1917 there were 300,000 Zionists in Russia, while the main Jewish socialist organization, the Bund, had 33,000 members. Only 958 Jews had joined the Bolshevik Party before 1917; thousands joined after the Revolution. The chaotic years of World War I, the February and October Revolutions, and the Russian Civil War had created social disruption that led to anti-Semitism. Some 150,000 Jews were killed in the pogroms of 1918–1922, 125,000 of them in Ukraine, 25,000 in Belarus. The pogroms were mostly perpetrated by anti-communist forces; sometimes, Red Army units engaged in pogroms as well. After a short period of confusion, the Soviets started executing guilty individuals and even disbanding the army units whose men had attacked Jews. Although pogroms were still perpetrated after this, mainly by Ukrainian units of the Red Army during its retreat from Poland (1920), in general, the Jews regarded the Red Army as the only force which was able and willing to defend them. The Russian Civil War pogroms shocked world Jewry and rallied many Jews to the Red Army and the Soviet regime, and also strengthened the desire for the creation of a homeland for the Jewish people.In August 1919 the Soviet government arrested many rabbis, seized Jewish properties, including synagogues, and dissolved many Jewish communities. The Jewish section of the Communist Party labeled the use of the Hebrew language reactionary and elitist and the teaching of Hebrew was banned ...
Moscow yet to resume flights to Cairo
Moscow and Cairo are yet to agree on the resumption of flights from Russia to Egypt. Russia grounded its flights to Egypt over security concerns last November following a terrorist attack on one of its planes. Some Egyptian and Russian media reported that air communication could resume in October, Russian officials remain non-committal. Daria Bondarchuk has more on why Russia is still not ready to send its tourists to Egypt
Oldest synagogues in the World | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:00:41 1 Worldwide
00:01:47 1.1 Standing buildings
00:03:11 2 By country
00:03:20 2.1 Africa
00:03:29 2.1.1 Algeria
00:03:56 2.1.2 Egypt
00:04:20 2.1.3 Libya
00:04:38 2.1.4 Tunisia
00:05:31 2.1.5 South Africa
00:06:01 2.2 Asia
00:06:09 2.2.1 Afghanistan
00:06:27 2.2.2 India
00:09:18 2.2.3 Iraq
00:10:24 2.2.4 Israel
00:12:18 2.2.5 Jordan
00:12:34 2.2.6 Lebanon
00:13:40 2.2.7 Myanmar
00:14:06 2.2.8 West Bank
00:15:08 2.2.9 Syria
00:16:03 2.2.10 Turkey
00:18:05 2.3 Australia
00:18:49 2.4 Europe
00:21:59 2.4.1 Albania
00:22:41 2.4.2 Austria
00:24:59 2.4.3 Belarus
00:25:21 2.4.4 Bosnia
00:25:49 2.4.5 Croatia
00:27:36 2.4.6 Czech Republic
00:28:00 2.4.7 Denmark
00:28:15 2.4.8 France
00:29:44 2.4.9 Germany
00:30:26 2.4.10 Greece
00:31:02 2.4.11 Hungary
00:31:35 2.4.12 Ireland
00:32:10 2.4.13 Italy
00:33:42 2.4.14 Macedonia
00:34:49 2.4.15 Netherlands
00:35:22 2.4.16 Poland
00:36:38 2.4.17 Portugal
00:38:03 2.4.18 Romania
00:38:20 2.4.19 Russia
00:38:49 2.4.20 Spain
00:40:00 2.4.21 Slovenia
00:40:42 2.4.22 Ukraine
00:41:08 2.4.23 United Kingdom
00:42:04 2.5 North America
00:42:32 2.5.1 Canada
00:42:59 2.5.2 United States
00:44:43 2.6 South America and Caribbean
00:44:53 2.6.1 Recife, Brazil
00:45:24 2.6.2 Jamaica
00:46:03 2.6.3 Barbados
00:46:27 2.6.4 Argentina
00:46:52 2.6.5 Suriname
00:47:33 2.6.6 Curaçao
00:48:30 2.6.7 Sint Eustatius
00:48:56 2.6.8 St Thomas – United States Virgin Islands
00:49:16 3 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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Speaking Rate: 0.8046356497924803
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Synagogues may be considered oldest based on different criteria. Many very old synagogues have been discovered in archaeological digs. Some synagogues have been destroyed and rebuilt several times on the same site, so, while the site or congregation may be ancient, the building may be modern. Still other very old synagogue buildings exist, but have been used for many centuries as churches, mosques, or for other purposes. And some very old synagogues have been in continuous use as synagogues for many centuries.
RUSSIA: MOSCOW: BOMB BLAST AT SUBWAY STATION
Russian/Nat
XFA
A bomb blew up at a busy subway station in central Moscow during the evening rush hour on Monday, injuring nine people.
The explosion took place shortly before 7 p.m.local time at the Belorusskaya station, in an underground passageway between the Ring Line, which circles the centre of Moscow and a line connecting outlying districts of the capital.
Nine people were hurt, seven of them were hospitalized with wounds that were not life-threatening.
Two of the injured were children.
The station was evacuated and its entrances were sealed off, but trains continued to run without stopping at the station.
Witnesses reported hearing a loud explosion and seeing a bright flash of light, and some complained about hearing loss after the blast.
Agents of the Federal Security Service, the chief domestic security and anti-terrorism agency, were on the scene to investigate.
The blast damaged the marble wall panelling at the station, which boasts some of the most elaborate decorations in the Moscow subway, and smoke blackened the vaulted ceiling.
Moscow has seen scores of bombings in recent years, many the result of organized crime disputes, some blamed on rebels from Chechnya.
In August, 13 people were killed in a bombing in an underground walkway in central Moscow.
In 1999, some 300 people were killed in a series of apartment building bombings in Moscow and two other cities, prompting the Russian government to send troops against
rebels in Chechnya.
Chechen leaders denied responsibility.
However, officials have urged the public to be wary of such activity, going so far as to run T-V ads telling people to report unattended bags on public transport.
SOUNDBITE: (Russian)
I was going down into the subway on the escalator, about 6:40 (PM) and I went down about 20-30 meters when I heard a loud bang, and lamps lighting the tunnel exploded from the shock wave, many people started to panic and turned around and started to run and started to cry explosion!
SUPER CAPTION: Stanislav, witness to explosion
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Russia Violates Missile Treaty, Trump Silent...
Not a peep from Trump on this violation. Strange. Cenk Uygur and Ana Kasparian, hosts of The Young Turks, discuss. Tell us what you think in the comment section below.
Russia has secretly deployed a new cruise missile that American officials say violates a landmark arms control treaty, posing a major test for President Trump as his administration is facing a crisis over its ties to Moscow.
The new Russian missile deployment also comes as the Trump administration is struggling to fill key policy positions at the State Department and the Pentagon — and to settle on a permanent replacement for Michael T. Flynn, the national security adviser who resigned late Monday. Mr. Flynn stepped down after it was revealed that he had misled the vice president and other officials over conversations with Moscow’s ambassador to Washington.
The ground-launched cruise missile at the center of American concerns is one that the Obama administration said in 2014 had been tested in violation of a 1987 treaty that bans American and Russian intermediate-range missiles based on land.
The Obama administration had sought to persuade the Russians to correct the violation while the missile was still in the test phase. Instead, the Russians have moved ahead with the system, deploying a fully operational unit.
Administration officials said the Russians now have two battalions of the prohibited cruise missile. One is still located at Russia’s missile test site at Kapustin Yar in southern Russia near Volgograd. The other was shifted in December from that test site to an operational base elsewhere in the country, according to a senior official who did not provide further details and requested anonymity to discuss recent intelligence reports about the missile.
American officials had called the cruise missile the SSC-X-8. But the “X” has been removed from intelligence reports, indicating that American intelligence officials consider the missile to be operational and no longer a system in development.
The missile program has been a major concern for the Pentagon, which has developed options for how to respond, including deploying additional missile defenses in Europe or developing air-based or sea-based cruise missiles.
Russia’s actions are politically significant, as well.”*
Read more here:
Hosts: Cenk Uygur, Ana Kasparian
Cast: Cenk Uygur, Ana Kasparian
***
The Largest Online News Show in the World. Hosted by Cenk Uygur and Ana Kasparian. LIVE STREAMING weekdays 6-8pm ET.
Young Turk (n), 1. Young progressive or insurgent member of an institution, movement, or political party. 2. Young person who rebels against authority or societal expectations. (American Heritage Dictionary)
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MOSCOW: SECURITY MEASURES TIGHTENED AFTER BOMB 1
Eng/Dutch/Nat
XFA
Security measures have been tightened in the Russian capital Moscow on Wednesday after Tuesday's bomb blast which ripped through one of the cities busiest areas killing seven people and injuring scores of others.
Two men were arrested early on Wednesday and are being questioned in connection with the explosion, which Moscow authorities are blaming on Chechen rebels.
Russia has been fighting Muslim rebels in the breakaway republic of Chechnya for almost one year.
Moscow woke to an uneasy calm on Wednesday, as citizens tried to come to terms with Tuesday's bomb explosion and the potential for terror in their midst.
Seven people died and 93 others were injured, some seriously, when Tuesday's explosion ripped through an underground passageway in Pushkin Square in the centre of the city.
On Wednesday floral tributes were left at the scene in memory of those who died.
Many people made their way to work past city workers washing blood off the walls of the passageway.
Scores of people went to local hospitals to donate blood for those wounded in the bombing.
On every street corner increased security measures were in evidence, fearful of another deadly bomb attack by suspected Chechen rebels
Worried Muscovites are speculating that the city could face a new bombing campaign less than a year after a series of attacks, also blamed on rebels from the Caucus region.
That wave of bombings prompted, the then prime minister and current President, Vladimir Putin's war against Muslim rebels in the renegade republic of Chechnya.
Two men were arrested on Wednesday and are being questioned in connection with the blast.
The Federal Security Service, the main domestic intelligence agency which was heading the investigation, said the suspects fitted descriptions of two men spotted moments before the bomb exploded.
A third suspect is still being sought.
The security service said one of the two detained suspects was from Chechnya and the other from the neighbouring region of Dagestan.
Russian authorities tend to arrest people from the Caucasus region whenever there are terrorist attacks and the police have a poor record of catching culprits in such cases.
However Chechen leaders deny their forces were involved.
Tourists visiting the Russian capital on Wednesday are concerned for their safety.
SOUNDBITE: (English)
I am very scared and stressed because it is really terrible. I do not know why it happened, I do not know if it was terrorists from Chechnya.
SUPER CAPTION: Paula, Italian Tourist
SOUNDBITE: (Dutch)
It will scare people off from visiting Moscow. People who saw it on TV were very scared. And, my whole family called me in Moscow because they were really worried after what they saw on the news.
SUPER CAPTION: Jacline Peters, Dutch Tourist
Emergency officials said on Wednesday that two U-S citizens were among those injured in the blast.
One of them was a 13-year old boy who was being treated at a Moscow children's hospital for burns.
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GAZA: NETZARIM JUNCTION CLEARED BY ISRAELI DEFENCE FORCE
English/Nat
Israeli soldiers have bulldozed fields around the Netzarim junction late Monday night, uprooting trees and levelling walls and fences of private farmland.
The Israeli Defence Forces say the trees were being used to shield Palestinians attacking the army base situated at the junction that protects the road leading to the Israeli settlement of Gush Khatif.
In recent weeks the junction has been the site of severe clashes and violence between the two sides including exchanges of gunfire, leaving several dead and many wounded.
A few weeks ago the I-D-F blew up two buildings they claimed were being used to house Palestinian snipers.
Last night even trees left at fields surrounding the base were deemed to pose a security risk and on Tuesday, after flattening the field and destroying a man's livelihood, the I-D-F positioned two tanks at the junction.
SOUNDBITE: (English)
Last night we were at home and in the morning I got a call from a friend to say that the farm of my father has been damaged. So we came here and saw everything is cut. At six in the morning we came here and everything was like that.
SUPER CAPTION: Son of land owner
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Irkutsk
Irkutsk (Russian: Иркутск; IPA: [ɪrˈkutsk]) is a city and the administrative center of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, and one of the largest cities in Siberia. Population: 587,891 (2010 Census); 593,604 (2002 Census); 622,301 (1989 Census).
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Racism in Russia
Racism in Russia appears mainly in the form of negative attitudes and actions by Russians towards people who are not considered ethnically Russian. Traditionally, Russian racism included antisemitism, as well as hostility towards various ethnicities of Caucasus and Central Asia. The director of the Moscow Bureau for Human Rights, Alexander Brod, stated that surveys show xenophobia and other racist expressions are prevalent in 50 percent of Russians. In 2006, Amnesty International reported that racism in Russia was “out of control” and estimated the number of Russian neo-Nazis at around 85,000 in 2008. But despite all this Russia is the second largest immigration receiver after the United States. Russia has also the second highest immigration rate in Eastern Europe after the Czech Republic while other European countries like Germany and Poland stay very homogeneous with lower openness for immigrants.
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Gal Motiuk Quartet Live - Mr. P.C
Gal Motiuk Quartet Live - Mr. P.C
Tennor sax - Yuval Drabkin
Guitar - Oren Levanon
Bass - Gal Motiuk
Drums - Gal Petel
First minutes after Haiti quake caught on camera
A Brazilian soldier stationed in Port-Au-Prince with the United Nations peacekeeping units in Haiti, captured the chaos and panic that followed the earthquake on Tuesday. Soldier Luis Diego Morais was escorting Brazilian Nobel Peace Prize nominee Zilda Arns, who was speaking inside the Sacre Coeur church, when it collapsed. Using his camera phone, Morais captured the aftermath of the earthquake.
Mufti Sheikh Ravil Gainutdin on Muslim migration
According to the Chairman of the Council of Muftis of Russia, Ravil Gainutdin, the reluctance of the Russian authorities to build new mosques prevents Muslim migrants integrating into society and promotes the growth of religious extremism. He said this during a discussion entitled Migration: Myths and Reality, which took place in the Public Chamber.
Baku
Baku (Azerbaijani: Bakı, IPA: [bɑˈcɯ]) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located 28 metres (92 ft) below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world. Baku is also the largest city in the world located below sea level. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal parts: the downtown area and the old Inner City (21.5 ha). At the beginning of 2009, Baku's urban population was estimated at just over two million people. Officially, about 25 percent of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area.
Baku is divided into eleven administrative districts (raions) and 48 townships. Among these are the townships on islands in the Baku Bay and the town of Oil Rocks built on stilts in the Caspian Sea, 60 km (37 mi) away from Baku. The Inner City of Baku along with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000. According to the Lonely Planet's ranking, Baku is also among the world's top ten destinations for urban nightlife.
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Kiev | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kiev
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kiev ( KEE-ef, -ev) or Kyiv (Ukrainian: Київ, translit. Kyiv [ˈkɪjiu̯] (listen); Russian: Киев, translit. Kiyev [ˈkʲi(j)ɪf]; Old East Slavic: Кыѥвъ, translit. Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper. The population in July 2015 was 2,887,974 (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe.Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational, and cultural centre of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.
The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders (see Name, below). During its history, Kiev, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of great prominence and relative obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial centre as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars, until seized by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became a capital of the Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasion in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours; first the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, followed by Poland and Russia.The city prospered again during the Russian Empire's Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century. In 1917, after the Ukrainian National Republic declared independence from the Russian Empire, Kiev became its capital. From 1921 onwards Kiev was a city of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was proclaimed by the Red Army, and, from 1934, Kiev was its capital. During World War II, the city again suffered significant damage, but quickly recovered in the post-war years, remaining the third largest city of the Soviet Union.
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, Kiev remained the capital of Ukraine and experienced a steady migration influx of ethnic Ukrainians from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, Kiev has continued to be Ukraine's largest and richest city. Kiev's armament-dependent industrial output fell after the Soviet collapse, adversely affecting science and technology. But new sectors of the economy such as services and finance facilitated Kiev's growth in salaries and investment, as well as providing continuous funding for the development of housing and urban infrastructure. Kiev emerged as the most pro-Western region of Ukraine where parties advocating tighter integration with the European Union dominate during elections.
Kiev | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kiev
00:03:10 1 Name
00:06:10 2 History
00:19:30 3 Environment
00:19:39 3.1 Geography
00:22:05 3.2 Climate
00:23:13 4 Legal status, local government and politics
00:23:25 4.1 Legal status and local government
00:25:35 4.2 Politics
00:26:21 4.3 Subdivisions
00:26:30 4.3.1 Traditional subdivision
00:27:17 4.3.2 Formal subdivision
00:28:55 5 Demographics
00:29:16 5.1 Historical population
00:30:26 5.2 Ethnic composition
00:33:00 5.3 Jewish community
00:33:27 6 Cityscape
00:37:37 7 Culture
00:39:44 7.1 Attractions
00:43:08 7.2 Museums and galleries
00:44:32 7.3 Sports
00:46:34 7.4 Tourism
00:47:14 7.5 Kiev city anthem
00:47:42 8 Economy
00:50:44 8.1 Industry
00:51:21 8.2 Manufacture
00:52:00 9 Education and science
00:52:10 9.1 Scientific research
00:52:38 9.2 University education
00:53:34 9.3 Secondary education
00:53:58 9.4 Public libraries
00:54:47 10 Transportation
00:54:56 10.1 Local public transport
00:57:44 10.2 Roads and bridges
00:58:29 10.3 Air transport
00:59:01 10.4 Railways
01:01:05 11 International relations
01:01:15 11.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:01:43 11.2 Other cooperation agreements
01:02:01 12 Notable people from Kiev
01:04:09 13 Honour
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kiev ( KEE-ef, -ev) or Kyiv (Ukrainian: Київ, translit. Kyiv [ˈkɪjiu̯] (listen); Russian: Киев, translit. Kiyev [ˈkʲi(j)ɪf]; Old East Slavic: Кыѥвъ, translit. Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper. The population in July 2015 was 2,887,974 (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe.Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational, and cultural centre of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.
The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders (see Name, below). During its history, Kiev, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of great prominence and relative obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial centre as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars, until seized by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became a capital of the Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasion in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours; first the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, followed by Poland and Russia.The city prospered again during the Russian Empire's Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century. In 1917, after the Ukrainian National Republic declared independence from the Russian Empire, Kiev became its capital. From 1921 onwards Kiev was a city of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was proclaimed by the Red Army, and, from 1934, Kiev was its capital. During World War II, the city again suffered significant damage, but quickly recovered in the post-war years, remaining the third largest city of the Soviet Union.
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, Kiev remained the capital of Ukraine and experienced a steady migration influx of ethnic Ukrainians from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, Kiev has continued to be Ukraine's largest and richest city. Kiev's armament-dependent industrial output fell after the Soviet collapse, adversely affecting science and technology. But new sectors of the economy such as services and f ...
Kiev | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:59 1 Name
00:07:48 2 History
00:24:41 3 Environment
00:24:50 3.1 Geography
00:27:55 3.2 Climate
00:29:20 4 Legal status, local government and politics
00:29:32 4.1 Legal status and local government
00:32:15 4.2 Politics
00:33:12 4.3 Subdivisions
00:33:21 4.3.1 Traditional subdivision
00:34:18 4.3.2 Formal subdivision
00:36:23 5 Demographics
00:36:47 5.1 Historical population
00:38:12 5.2 Ethnic composition
00:41:21 5.3 Jewish community
00:41:53 6 Cityscape
00:47:05 7 Culture
00:49:44 7.1 Attractions
00:54:00 7.2 Museums and galleries
00:55:45 7.3 Sports
00:58:18 7.4 Tourism
00:59:07 7.5 Kiev city anthem
00:59:41 8 Economy
01:03:29 8.1 Industry
01:04:12 8.2 Manufacture
01:04:58 9 Education and science
01:05:08 9.1 Scientific research
01:05:42 9.2 University education
01:06:51 9.3 Secondary education
01:07:21 9.4 Public libraries
01:08:22 10 Transportation
01:08:32 10.1 Local public transport
01:12:03 10.2 Roads and bridges
01:12:58 10.3 Air transport
01:13:36 10.4 Railways
01:16:14 11 International relations
01:16:25 11.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:16:57 11.2 Other cooperation agreements
01:17:19 12 Notable people from Kiev
01:19:54 13 Honour
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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Speaking Rate: 0.8290373945690813
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kiev ( KEE-ef, -ev) or Kyiv (Ukrainian: Київ, translit. Kyiv [ˈkɪjiu̯] (listen); Russian: Киев, translit. Kiyev [ˈkʲi(j)ɪf]; Old East Slavic: Кыѥвъ, translit. Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper. The population in July 2015 was 2,887,974 (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe.Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational, and cultural centre of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.
The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders (see Name, below). During its history, Kiev, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of great prominence and relative obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial centre as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars, until seized by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became a capital of the Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasion in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours; first the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, followed by Poland and Russia.The city prospered again during the Russian Empire's Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century. In 1917, after the Ukrainian National Republic declared independence from the Russian Empire, Kiev became its capital. From 1921 onwards Kiev was a city of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was proclaimed by the Red Army, and, from 1934, Kiev was its capital. During World War II, the city again suffered significant damage, but quickly recovered in the post-war years, remaining the third largest city of the Soviet Union.
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, Kiev remained the capital of Ukraine and experienced a steady migration influx of ethnic Ukrainians from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, Kiev has continued to be Ukraine's largest an ...
Kiev | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:44 1 Name
00:07:22 2 History
00:23:46 3 Environment
00:23:55 3.1 Geography
00:26:51 3.2 Climate
00:28:13 4 Legal status, local government and politics
00:28:24 4.1 Legal status and local government
00:30:59 4.2 Politics
00:31:53 4.3 Subdivisions
00:32:01 4.3.1 Traditional subdivision
00:32:55 4.3.2 Formal subdivision
00:34:55 5 Demographics
00:35:17 5.1 Historical population
00:36:37 5.2 Ethnic composition
00:39:37 5.3 Jewish community
00:40:08 6 Cityscape
00:45:03 7 Culture
00:47:32 7.1 Attractions
00:51:38 7.2 Museums and galleries
00:53:19 7.3 Sports
00:55:47 7.4 Tourism
00:56:35 7.5 Kiev city anthem
00:57:06 8 Economy
01:00:46 8.1 Industry
01:01:27 8.2 Manufacture
01:02:13 9 Education and science
01:02:22 9.1 Scientific research
01:02:55 9.2 University education
01:04:02 9.3 Secondary education
01:04:30 9.4 Public libraries
01:05:28 10 Transportation
01:05:37 10.1 Local public transport
01:09:00 10.2 Roads and bridges
01:09:52 10.3 Air transport
01:10:28 10.4 Railways
01:13:01 11 International relations
01:13:10 11.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:13:41 11.2 Other cooperation agreements
01:14:03 12 Notable people from Kiev
01:16:40 13 Honour
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7078111178759842
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kiev ( KEE-ef, -ev) or Kyiv (Ukrainian: Київ, translit. Kyiv [ˈkɪjiu̯] (listen); Russian: Киев, translit. Kiyev [ˈkʲi(j)ɪf]) is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine, located in the north-central part of the country on the Dnieper. The population in July 2015 was 2,887,974 (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe.Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational and cultural center of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions, and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.
The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders (see Name, below). During its history, Kiev, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of great prominence and relative obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial centre as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars, until its capture by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became a capital of the Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasions in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours; first by Lithuania, followed by Poland and ultimately Russia.The city prospered again during the Russian Empire's Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century. In 1917, after the Ukrainian National Republic declared independence from the Russian Empire, Kiev became its capital. From 1921 onwards Kiev was a city of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was proclaimed by the Red Army, and, from 1934, Kiev was its capital. During World War II, the city again suffered significant damage, but quickly recovered in the post-war years, remaining the third largest city of the Soviet Union.
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, Kiev remained the capital of Ukraine and experienced a steady migration influx of ethnic Ukrainians from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, Kiev has continued to be Ukraine's largest and richest city. Kiev's armament-depen ...
Baku | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Baku
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Baku ( bə-KOO, BAH-koo; Azerbaijani: Bakı, IPA: [bɑˈcɯ]) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located 28 metres (92 ft) below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world located below sea level. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, alongside the Bay of Baku. At the beginning of 2009, Baku's urban population was estimated at just over two million people. Officially, about 25 percent of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area. Baku is the sole metropolis in Azerbaijan.
Baku is divided into twelve administrative Baku's (raions) and 48 townships. Among these are the townships on the islands of the Baku Archipelago, and the town of Oil Rocks built on stilts in the Caspian Sea, 60 kilometres (37 miles) away from Baku. The Inner City of Baku, along with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower, were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000. According to the Lonely Planet's ranking, Baku is also among the world's top ten destinations for urban nightlife.The city is the scientific, cultural, and industrial center of Azerbaijan. Many sizeable Azerbaijani institutions have their headquarters there. The Baku International Sea Trade Port is capable of handling two million tons of general and dry bulk cargoes per year. In recent years, Baku has become an important venue for international events. It hosted the 57th Eurovision Song Contest in 2012, the 2015 European Games, 4th Islamic Solidarity Games, the F1 Azerbaijan Grand Prix since 2016, and will host UEFA Euro 2020. The city is bidding for Expo 2025 against Yekaterinburg, Russia and Osaka, Japan.
The city is renowned for its harsh winds, which is reflected in its nickname, the City of Winds.
Baku | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:23 1 Etymology
00:03:53 2 History
00:04:02 2.1 Antiquity
00:05:24 2.2 Rise of the Shirvanshahs and the Safavid era
00:08:51 2.3 Downfall of the Safavids and the Khanate of Baku
00:10:05 2.4 Russo-Persian Wars and Iran's forced ceding
00:12:10 2.5 Discovery of oil
00:14:43 2.6 World War I
00:17:49 2.7 Soviet period
00:19:00 2.8 World War II
00:19:58 2.9 Fall of the Soviet Union and later
00:20:52 3 Geography
00:21:18 3.1 Climate
00:24:05 4 Administrative divisions
00:24:25 5 Demographics
00:25:38 5.1 Ethnic groups
00:27:00 5.2 Religion
00:28:18 6 Economy
00:30:47 6.1 Tourism and shopping
00:32:32 7 Culture
00:33:34 7.1 Theaters
00:35:22 7.2 Museums
00:35:44 7.3 Libraries
00:36:02 8 Architecture
00:36:39 8.1 Hamams
00:37:05 8.1.1 Teze Bey Hamam
00:37:39 8.1.2 Gum Hamam
00:38:01 8.1.3 Bairamali hamam
00:38:23 8.1.4 Agha Mikayil Hamam
00:38:52 8.2 Modern architecture
00:40:44 8.3 Music and media
00:43:03 8.4 Nightlife
00:44:00 8.5 Parks and gardens
00:45:17 8.6 Sports
00:48:47 9 Transport
00:53:03 10 Education
00:55:37 11 Health care
00:56:18 12 Notable residents
00:57:27 13 International relations
00:57:37 13.1 Twin towns and sister cities
00:57:52 13.2 Partner cities
00:58:23 14 Gallery
00:58:32 15 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8918478906025623
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Baku (; Azerbaijani: Bakı, IPA: [bɑˈcɯ]) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located 28 metres (92 ft) below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world located below sea level. Baku lies on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, alongside the Bay of Baku. At the beginning of 2009, Baku's urban population was estimated at just over two million people. Officially, about 25 percent of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area. Baku is the sole metropolis in Azerbaijan.
Baku is divided into twelve administrative raions and 48 townships. Among these are the townships on the islands of the Baku Archipelago, and the town of Oil Rocks built on stilts in the Caspian Sea, 60 kilometres (37 miles) away from Baku. The Inner City of Baku, along with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower, were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000. According to the Lonely Planet's ranking, Baku is also among the world's top ten destinations for urban nightlife.The city is the scientific, cultural, and industrial center of Azerbaijan. Many sizeable Azerbaijani institutions have their headquarters there. The Baku International Sea Trade Port is capable of handling two million tons of general and dry bulk cargoes per year. In recent years, Baku has become an important venue for international events. It hosted the 57th Eurovision Song Contest in 2012, the 2015 European Games, 4th Islamic Solidarity Games, the F1 Azerbaijan Grand Prix since 2016, hosted the final of the 2018-19 UEFA Europa League and, will be one of the host cities for UEFA Euro 2020.
The city is renowned for its harsh winds, which is reflected in its nickname, the City of Winds.