Eric Clark's Travel Videos - Rome Italy - Caravaggio Paints in Church of St. Louis of the French.
Eric Clark's Travel Videos - Rome Italy - Caravaggio Paints in Church of St. Louis of the French.
Caravaggio Works in the Church
The Calling of St. Matthew
The Inspiration of Saint Matthew
The Martyrdom of St. Matthew
From Wikipedia
The Church of St. Louis of the French (Italian: San Luigi dei Francesi, French: Saint Louis des Français, Latin: S. Ludovici Francorum de Urbe) is a Roman Catholic church in Rome, not far from Piazza Navona. The church is dedicated to the Virgin Mary, to St. Denis the Areopagite and St. Louis IX, king of France. The church was designed by Giacomo della Porta and built by Domenico Fontana between 1518 and 1589, and completed through the personal intervention of Catherine de' Medici, who donated to it some property in the area. It is the national church in Rome of France.[2][3] It is a titular church. The current Cardinal-Priest of the Titulus S. Ludovici Francorum de Urbe is André Vingt-Trois, Archbishop of Paris.
When the Saracens burned the Abbey of Farfa in 898, a group of refugees settled in Rome.[4] Some monks remained in Rome even after their abbot Ratfredus (934–936) rebuilt the abbey. By the end of the tenth century, the Abbey of Farfa owned in Rome churches, houses, windmills and vineyards. A bull of Holy Roman Emperor Otto III in 998 confirms the property of three churches:[5] Santa Maria, San Benedetto and the oratorio of San Salvatore. When they ceded their property to the Medici family in 1480, the church of Santa Maria became the church of Saint Louis of the French. Cardinal Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici commissioned Jean de Chenevière to build a church for the French community in 1518.[6] Chenevières' design was for an octagonal, centrally planned edifice.[7] Building was halted when Rome was sacked in 1527, and the church was finally completed in 1589 by Domenico Fontana and Giacomo della Porta, who designed the façade, according to an entirely different design. The church was consecrated by the Cardinal François de Joyeuse, Protector of France before the Holy See, on 8 October 1589.[8] The interior was restored by Antoine Dérizet between 1749 and 1756.
The foundation Pieux Etablissements de la France à Rome et à Lorette is responsible for the five French churches in Rome and apartment buildings in Rome and in Loreto. The foundation is governed by an administrative deputy named by the French Ambassador to the Holy See.
Contarelli Chapel[edit]
Contarelli Chapel contains a cycle of paintings by the Baroque master Caravaggio in 1599–1600 about the life of St. Matthew. This includes the three world-renowned canvases of The Calling of St Matthew (on the left wall), The Inspiration of Saint Matthew (above the altar), and The Martyrdom of Saint Matthew (on the right wall).
Polet Chapel[edit]
The Polet Chapel contains frescoes by Domenichino portraying the Histories of Saint Cecilia.
Other works[edit]
Other works in the church include pieces by Cavalier D'Arpino, Francesco Bassano il Giovane, Muziano, Giovanni Baglione, Siciolante da Sermoneta, Jacopino del Conte, Tibaldi and Antoine Derizet.
One of the most amazing things about living in Rome is that you don’t need to buy a ticket to any of the (admittedly incredible) art museums to see a masterpiece. The case in point might very well be the three Caravaggio paintings (!!) which you can see for free inside the Church of San Luigi dei Francesi near the Pantheon.
The Church of San Luigi dei Francesci (Church of St. Louis of the French) actually sits right between the Pantheon and Piazza Navona, so you have no excuse not to step inside to soak up all the beauty yourself.
It might seem fairly straightforward from the outside, but the church was designed by Giacomo della Porta and completed in 1589. If you look closely at the statues on the facade, you might see that they are all from French history, and include Charlemagne and Saint Joan of France.
That’s all very fitting because this is the official national church of France in Rome. The church is named for Louis IX, King of France.
My name is Eric Clark and I am a world traveler. I have been around the world a few times and decided to help fund my travels by sharing my videos and pictures. I have been to almost every country and would be glad to give tips and pointers. Drop me a note. = )
Church of St Louis of the French in Rome
San Luigi Dei Francesi (St. Louis of the French), Rome
Wonderful late renaissance church built in 1589 by Domenico Fontana and Giacomo della Porta, restored / embellished generations afterwards by French or Italian baroque artists. Even though the church is superb by itself (nave is extraordinarily beautiful), it is most famous by its Contarelli chapel housing three masterpieces by greatest painters of all IMHO, Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio. Featured in this video:
- nave in late renaissance-baroque style of exceptional elegance (00:00)
- 18th century ceiling painted by Charles-Joseph Natoire (01:10)
- the early Contarelli chapel (01:50), housing three Caravaggio masterpieces:
1. The Inspiration of Saint Matthew (02:15)
2. The Calling of St. Matthew (02:35)
3. The Martyrdom of St. Matthew (02:52), also featuring a self-portrait (03:10)
More about chapel:
More about the church itself:
Eric Clark’s Travel Videos- Rome Italy - Chiesa Di San Luigi Dei Francesi Saint Louis of the French
Eric Clark’s Travel Videos- Rome Italy - Chiesa Di San Luigi Dei Francesi Saint Louis of the French
From Wikipedia
The Church of St. Louis of the French (Italian: San Luigi dei Francesi, French: Saint Louis des Français, Latin: S. Ludovici Francorum de Urbe) is a Roman Catholic church in Rome, not far from Piazza Navona. The church is dedicated to the Virgin Mary, to St. Denis the Areopagite and St. Louis IX, king of France. The church was designed by Giacomo della Porta and built by Domenico Fontana between 1518 and 1589, and completed through the personal intervention of Catherine de' Medici, who donated to it some property in the area. It is the national church in Rome of France.[2][3] It is a titular church. The current Cardinal-Priest of the Titulus S. Ludovici Francorum de Urbe is André Vingt-Trois, Archbishop of Paris.
When the Saracens burned the Abbey of Farfa in 898, a group of refugees settled in Rome.[4] Some monks remained in Rome even after their abbot Ratfredus (934–936) rebuilt the abbey. By the end of the tenth century, the Abbey of Farfa owned in Rome churches, houses, windmills and vineyards. A bull of Holy Roman Emperor Otto III in 998 confirms the property of three churches:[5] Santa Maria, San Benedetto and the oratorio of San Salvatore. When they ceded their property to the Medici family in 1480, the church of Santa Maria became the church of Saint Louis of the French. Cardinal Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici commissioned Jean de Chenevière to build a church for the French community in 1518.[6] Chenevières' design was for an octagonal, centrally planned edifice.[7] Building was halted when Rome was sacked in 1527, and the church was finally completed in 1589 by Domenico Fontana and Giacomo della Porta, who designed the façade, according to an entirely different design. The church was consecrated by the Cardinal François de Joyeuse, Protector of France before the Holy See, on 8 October 1589.[8] The interior was restored by Antoine Dérizet between 1749 and 1756.
The foundation Pieux Etablissements de la France à Rome et à Lorette is responsible for the five French churches in Rome and apartment buildings in Rome and in Loreto. The foundation is governed by an administrative deputy named by the French Ambassador to the Holy See.
Contarelli Chapel[edit]
Contarelli Chapel contains a cycle of paintings by the Baroque master Caravaggio in 1599–1600 about the life of St. Matthew. This includes the three world-renowned canvases of The Calling of St Matthew (on the left wall), The Inspiration of Saint Matthew (above the altar), and The Martyrdom of Saint Matthew (on the right wall).
Polet Chapel[edit]
The Polet Chapel contains frescoes by Domenichino portraying the Histories of Saint Cecilia.
Other works[edit]
Other works in the church include pieces by Cavalier D'Arpino, Francesco Bassano il Giovane, Muziano, Giovanni Baglione, Siciolante da Sermoneta, Jacopino del Conte, Tibaldi and Antoine Derizet. The Church of S. Louis was designated as a cardinalatial titulus on 7 June 1967, by Pope Paul VI.[14]
Pierre Veuillot (29 June 1967 – 14 February 1968)
François Marty (30 April 1969 – 16 February 1994)
Jean-Marie Lustiger (26 November 1994 – 5 August 2007)
André Armand Vingt-Trois (24 November 2007 – Present)
The church was chosen as the burial place for a number of higher prelates and members of the French community of Rome:[10] these include the classic liberal economist Frédéric Bastiat, Cardinal François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis, ambassador in Rome for Louis XV and Louis XVI,[11] and Henri Cleutin the French Lieutenant in 16th-century Scotland. There is also the tomb of Pauline de Beaumont, who died of consumption in Rome in 1805, erected by her lover Chateaubriand.
The inscriptions found in San Luigi dei Francesi, a valuable source illustrating the history of the church, have been collected and published by Vincenzo Forcella.[12]
Church of Saint Louis of France, Rome
BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA AD MARTYRES AND CHURCH OF ST. LOUIS OF THE FRENCH IN ROME IYALY | VLOG
BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA AD MARTYRES AND CHURCH OF ST. LOUIS OF THE FRENCH IN ROME IYALY.
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Church Of San Luigi Dei Francesci – Introduction – Rome – Audio Guide – MyWoWo Travel App
Hi, I'm Alyson, your personal guide. Together with MyWoWo, I'd like to welcome you to one of the wonders of the world.
Today I'll accompany you through the Church of St. Louis of the French, or San Luigi dei Francesi in Italian, which is one of the most fascinating churches in Rome!
Are you ready to see Caravaggio's most important painting cycle in Rome? Good. But first let me briefly tell you about this church's history, which owes its name to the fact that it has been the national church of the French since its founding; it is still attended by the French community in the city. Works on it began at the beginning of the 16th century and finished at the end of the century: it has a large, two-tiered façade from the end of the Renaissance period that culminates in a triangular pediment and is decorated with niches with sculptures.
The interior not only contains Caravaggio's masterpieces, but is full of other works of art: for example, there's a beautiful cycle of frescoes by Domenichino in the right nave in the Chapel of Saint Cecilia. But now, like most visitors, go to the fifth chapel on the left to see Caravaggio's three masterpieces.
The decision to entrust Caravaggio with a cycle of paintings about St. Matthew's life was courageous. The artist was only twenty-eight years old and until then had only painted medium-size canvases with a few figures, and never of a religious subject: this was his first public assignment, and marked a clear change in his art. He was commissioned to create the altarpiece and fresco the walls of this chapel of Cardinal Contarelli's family, which had been unfinished for years.
Caravaggio, who didn't like painting with the fresco technique, introduced an innovation: instead of the usual wall paintings, he decorated the walls with two large, narrative canvases entitled The Calling of St. Matthew and The Martyrdom of St. Matthew. The innovation was an immediate success.
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Church Of San Luigi Dei Francesci – Caravaggio – Rome – Audio Guide – MyWoWo Travel App
While waiting to redo the first painting of the cycle that had been rejected by his clients, in 1600 Caravaggio created the side paintings of Contarelli Chapel, which constituted an epochal turning point in the history of art.
Start with the first painting he made, called The Martyrdom of St. Matthew; it takes place in a church, while the saint is about to baptize some youth, but a slayer bursts into the church and stabs the priest during Mass. It is a brutal execution, depicted like a crime scene in the news: Caravaggio puts you in front of the live scene, at its most dramatic moment. St. Matthew is on the ground, trying to defend himself in vain, while the assassin's shouts are echoed by those of the altar boy, who runs away frightened. Caravaggio is also present, depicting himself to the left of the assassin as the figure with the goatee watching the saint's execution. This expedient adds incredible realism to the narrated scene, which seems to take place in the present, and not in a distant past.
Now move on to the painting entitled The Calling of St. Matthew. Caravaggio immortalizes the moment when Christ invites the tax collector to become his disciple. A ray of light from the right is projected onto the wall, which is how you must examine the painting, starting from Christ's invitation to the surprised Matthew who points a finger at his chest. As you can see, light dominates the scene and subdivides it into two registers: the lower shadow is full of figures, while the top is illuminated by the ray entering from the window.
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Eric Clar's Travel Videos - Rome Italy - Church of the Suffrage / Chiesa del Suffragio
Eric Clar's Travel Videos - Rome Italy - Church of the Suferage/Chiesa del Sacro Cuore del Suffragio
Eric Clar's Travel Videos - Rome Italy - Church of the Suffrage / Chiesa del Suffragio
From Wikipedia
The Chiesa del Sacro Cuore di Gesù in Prati (Italian for Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Prati), also known as Chiesa del Sacro Cuore del Suffragio (Italian for Church of the Sacred Heart of the Suffrage),[1] is a catholic place of worship in the centre of Rome (Italy), rising in the rione Prati, hosting the parish with the same name, entrusted to the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart.[2]
The church, designed by engineer Giuseppe Gualandi, is sometimes referred as the little Milan Cathedral, due to its rich neogothic style.[3]
In 1893, the Missionary of the Sacred Heart Victor Jouët, born in Marseille, founded in Rome the Associazione del Sacro Cuore del Suffragio delle Anime del Purgatorio (Italian for Association of the Sacred Heart of the Suffrage of the Purgatory Souls), having the aim to spread the worship to the Sacred Heart and to the Virgin Mary.[4] The former oratory of the Association rose in Via dei Cosmati; a second one, used between 1896 and 1914, was located in Lungotevere Prati, into a ground that the founder had bought in order to build a bigger church, whose foundation stone was blessed in 1894 by Joseph-Jean-Louis Robert, Bishop of Marseille.[5]
The construction of the new church began in 1908 and the design was committed to engineer Giuseppe Gualandi, who chose a style inspired by French Gothic architecture.[6] In 1914, the Association moved to the church of St. Joseph Calasanz in Via Cavallini, since the old chapel was partially demolished in order to allow the completion of the new church; the building, completed in 1917,[7] was blessed and opened to worship on November 1 of the same year. The parish was founded on December 10.[8] On May 17, 1921 the church was consecrated by Pietro Benedetti, Archbishop of Tyre, its first vicar.[9]
Pope John Paul II visited the church on February 1, 1998.[10]
Sacro Cuore di Gesù in Prati rises in Lungotevere Prati, between Via Ulpiano and Via Paolo Mercuri,[11] close to the Palace of Justice.
The façade with salients, entirely made with reinforced concrete, underlines the internal subdivision into three naves thanks to six quadrangular piers, each surmounted by a spire.[12] In the lower part there are three portals, whose embrasure is decorated by little columns made of red Verona marble; each portal is surmounted by a wimperg and decorated with a marble lunette hosting a bas-relief: the central lunette portrays the Souls of Purgatory, the one on the right the Deposition of Christ and the one on the left the Resurrection of Christ; the wimperg above the central portal shows a high-relief portraying the Sacred Heart of Jesus between two Angels.[13] In correspondence to each of the side naves there is a high triphora, while the central nave corresponds to a big esaphora including a rose window showing a richly decorated trestle.[14] The façade ends aloft with a thin octagonal bell tower: it is surmounted by a cross that hosts an earth-shaped ex-voto, donated by Victor Jouët.[15]
The decorations of the façade, formerly made with artificial stone, has been replaced, starting from 1960+, by statues made with St. Gotthard stone, though identical to the original ones. They include gothic-inspired architectural features and nineteen statues of saints, personally chosen by Pope Pius X;[16] they are positioned within recesses above the slopes of the central nave (from the left: St. Augustine, St. Peter Apostle, St. Joseph, Our Lady of the Sacred Heart, St. John Evangelist, St. Paul Apostle and St. Odo of Cluny), of the nave on the right (from the left: St. Victor, St. Francis of Assisi and St. Nicholas of Tolentino), of the nave on the left (from the left: St. Francis Xavier, St. Dominic of Guzmán and St. Michael Archangel) and close to the six pillars, placed on shelves (from the left: St. Bernard of Clairvaux, St. Gregory the Great, St. Margaret Mary Alacoque, St. Catherine of Genoa, St. Anthony of Padua and St. Patrick.[17]
My name is Eric Clark and I am a world traveler. I have been around the world a few times and decided to help fund my travels by sharing my videos and pictures. I have been to almost every country and would be glad to give tips and pointers. Drop me a note. = )
Churches of Rome: St. Augustine
Siervas de los Corazones Traspasados de Jesús y María
Jubilee Year Lavigerie - Rome - Symbols
On Saturday, January 26, 2019, the Missionaries of Africa, White Fathers and White Sisters, celebrated the opening of the 150th anniversary year of their foundation, in Rome, in the Church of St. Louis of the French, where their founder Charles Martial Allemand Lavigerie had been ordained bishop. This short video shows some symbols brought during the celebration, whic are dear to us, and the prayers that flow from them.
Opere Del Caravaggio A San Luigi Dei Francesi - Caravaggio's Paintings In A Church (Rome)
San Luigi Dei Francesi is a Roman Catholic church in Rome, not far from Piazza Navona. The church is also famous for the paintings painted by the Baroque master Caravaggio.
PS
I apologize for the low quality of this video. I shot it with my old phone camera.
St Louis Cathedral New Orleans (HD)
We had the chance to see and go inside the St Louis Cathedral in New Orleans in the French Quarter on Chartres Street. This Roman Catholic Church was built in the 1700s. We also heard its church bells which were bright and crisp, and as we entered we were able to hear a little bit of the organ music that was playing as service was just completed inside.
This was from our August 2016 tour of New Orleans.
Caravaggio in the Contarelli Chapel: three paintings on the theme of Saint Matthew (manortiz)
The Contarelli Chapel is located within the church of San Luigi dei Francesi in Rome. It is famous for housing three paintings on the theme of Saint Matthew the Evangelist by the Baroque master Caravaggio. The chapel commemorates the French cardinal Matthieu Cointrel.
1) The Calling of Saint Matthew and The Martyrdom of Saint Matthew were installed by July 1600 the Calling of St. Matthew, one of Carvaggio's most well-known works. On the right of the composition, Jesus and St. Peter look directly at a seated Matthew. Garbed in robes of antiquity, Jesus and his companion fit perfectly into the scene. Jesus points at Matthew, producing the Calling aspect. His hand is a direct reference to the receiving hand of Adam in the Creation of Adam panel on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. Matthew and his companions, in contrast, are wearing robes concurrent with Caravaggio's time. Matthew points at himself in a Who, me? gesture with one hand, while his other fingers coins on the table, referencing his previous vocation as a tax collector. (It has recently been suggested that the young boy with his head down at the end of the table is actually Matthew, and the older, bearded man traditionally identified as Matthew is pointing at this figure instead. The theory remains controversial). Another controversy surrounds the position of the large hand across the waist of the young man at the end of the table. The hand is clearly not his, but resembles the hand of the elderly man in furs who stands to the young man's left. Caravaggio was a notorious trickster with a well known penchant for young men, and it is entirely possible that this groping hand was intentional. There are many other examples of this playfulness, for example the Card Sharps where a young man conceals cards behind his back as his accomplice signals the card his opponent is holding
2)the Martyrdom of St. Matthew, depicting the scene in which Matthew meets his ultimate end. In contrast to the relatively staid Calling on the opposing wall, this scene is full of action, swirling around the composition of hands at the center. Matthew at once wards off his attacker while reaching for the martyr's palm being dangled just out of his reach by the angel (It is also proposed that the main nude figure is not in fact the assassin but is instead a shocked catechumen. The bloodied sword in his hand is a retrieved weapon possibly dropped by the 'self portrait' of Caravaggio in the background who is actually the assassin. This figure appears to have been reaching for his weapon but is retreating with his fellow soldiers. This notion is not mainstream and is debatable.) Interesting components in this work include the nudes in the foreground who watch the scene unobtrusively, almost as if this is a theatrical production and the self portrait of Caravaggio in the background (the bearded man).
3)The third and final work, The Inspiration of Saint Matthew, was in place by 1602—although not without difficulty, the first version was rejected for the vulgarity of the saint's crossed legs and bare feet, and for the overly-familiar way in which the angel cuddled up to him. In the second version on view today the angel keeps a respectful distance, and the saint is a little more dignified. At the center of the chapel is The Inspiration of Saint Matthew, a scene in which an angel dictates to St. Matthew
the gospel. Though not as intrinsically interesting as the other two, it provides an interesting interaction with the viewer's space. St. Matthew, jumping up to greet the angel, pushes his stool out over an apparent threshold created by the artist and into the realm of the viewer, this completes the interactive nature of this chapel, resulting in an intra-personal dialogue. (from Wiki)
Pantheon to Piazza Navona Virtual Walk in 4K
Part 4: The Pantheon to Piazza Navona
In this video your walk will start at the Pantheon. You'll then walk through some sides street on your way to one of Rome's most popular hangouts, Piazza Navona. You will see the Fountain of the Four Rivers, the Fountain of Neptune, the Fountain of the Moro, and the famous Speaking Statue, Pasquino where Roman citizens once publicly posted up their grievances.
00:23 - The Pantheon
01:14 - Piazza della Rotonda
04:46 - Church of St. Louis of the French
06:45 - Piazza Navona
07:15 - Fountain of the Four Rivers
09:08 - Moor Fountain
10:30 - Pasquino The Speaking Statue
11:14 - the Museum of Rome
14:39 - Fountain of Neptune
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Wonderful Place San Luigi Dei Francesi
I created this video with the YouTube Slideshow Creator ( and content image about : san luigi dei francesi, caravaggio lighting ,facts about rome italy ,caravaggio rome ,san luigi dei francesi hours ,caravaggio art ,saint louis ,rome paintings ,caravaggio in rome ,paintings by caravaggio ,st matthew facts ,caravaggio paintings in rome ,rome france ,caravaggio st matthew ,saint louis des français ,roma church ,oldest church in rome ,caravaggio tour rome ,rome churches to visit ,caravaggio in venice ,caravaggio in rome churches ,caravaggio calling of matthew
Walking through - San Luigi dei Francesi, Church in Rome with Caravaggio's pieces
Church on Piazza San Luigi dei Francesi
Rome '16: Day 1 & 2
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Piazza Barberini. Fontana di Piazza Colonna. Galleria Alberto Sordi. Chiesa di Sant'Ignazio. Pantheon. Church of St. Louis of the French. Piazza Navona. Centro Storico. Trevi Fountain. Vatican Museum. Sistine Chapel. Pincio. Piazza del Popolo. St Peter’s Square. Dome Cupola. Vatican Grottoes.
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ROME TOP 10 - BEST PLACES - SHORT TOUR - TRAVEL GUIDE 4K
Italy Rome travel guide, Rome is one of the most beautiful cities on earth.It was founded by the twin brothers, Romulus and Remus, in 700 B.C. The Eternal City, where all roads lead.(Colosseum, Forum Romanum , Pantheon, Piazza Navona, Trevi Fountain, etc.)
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The Eternal City, where all roads lead.The heart of the former ancient empire is now full with the establishments of the 21st century. The Circus Maximus and the Forum Romanum are only ruins now, but the Colosseum, the Triumphal Arch and Trajan’s Column is still standing, while the Capitolium flourishes in its full beauty. One can see the the baths of Diocletian and Caracalla and can put one’s hand in the Mouth of Truth. The later periods added the Castel Sant’Angelo, the Fontana di Trevi, the Spanish Steps and the bridges crossing the Tiber to the landscape of the city built on seven hills. In the middle of Rome, there is a country protected by the Swiss Guards: Vatican, the centre of the Catholic world.
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Eric Clark Travel Videos - Rome Italy - San Giovanni in Laterano / Cathedral of the Most Holy Savior
Eric Clark’s Travel Videos - Rome Italy - San Giovanni / Cathedral of the Most Holy Savior
Eric Clark Travel Videos - Rome Italy - San Giovanni in Laterano / Cathedral of the Most Holy Savior
From Wikipedia
The Cathedral of the Most Holy Savior and of Saints John the Baptist and the Evangelist in the Lateran (Italian: Santissimo Salvatore e Santi Giovanni Battista ed Evangelista in Laterano) – also known as the Papal Archbasilica of Saint John [in] Lateran, Saint John Lateran, or the Lateran Basilica – is the cathedral church of the Diocese of Rome in the city of Rome and serves as the seat of the Roman Pontiff.
It is the oldest and highest ranking of the four papal major basilicas, holding the unique title of archbasilica. It is the oldest public church in the city of Rome, and the oldest basilica of the Western world.[2] It houses the cathedra of the Roman bishop,[3][4] and has the title of ecumenical mother church of the Catholic faithful.
The current archpriest is Angelo De Donatis, Vicar General for the Diocese of Rome.[5] The President of the French Republic, currently Emmanuel Macron, is ex officio the first and only honorary canon of the archbasilica, a title that the heads of state of France have possessed since King Henry IV.
The large Latin inscription on the façade reads: Clemens XII Pont Max Anno V Christo Salvatori In Hon SS Ioan Bapt et Evang. This abbreviated inscription translates as: Pope Clement XII, in the fifth year [of his Pontificate, dedicated this building] to Christ the Savior, in honor of Saints John the Baptist and [John] the Evangelist.[6] The inscription indicates, with its full title (see below), that the archbasilica was originally dedicated to Christ the Savior and, centuries later, co-dedicated to Saint John the Baptist and Saint John the Evangelist. As the Cathedral of the Pope as Bishop of Rome, it ranks superior to all other churches of the Roman Catholic Church, including Saint Peter's Basilica.
The archbasilica is sited in the City of Rome. It is outside Vatican City, which is approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to its northwest, although the archbasilica and its adjoining edifices have extraterritorial status from Italy as one of the properties of the Holy See, pursuant to the Lateran Treaty of 1929.[1]
The archbasilica stands over the remains of the Castra Nova equitum singularium, the New Fort of the Roman imperial cavalry bodyguards. The fort was established by Septimius Severus in AD 193. Following the victory of Emperor Constantine the Great over Maxentius (for whom the Equites singulares augusti, the emperor's mounted bodyguards had fought) at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, the guard was abolished and the fort demolished. Substantial remains of the fort lie directly beneath the nave.
The remainder of the site was occupied during the early Roman Empire by the palace of the gens Laterani. Sextius Lateranus was the first plebeian to attain the rank of consul, and the Laterani served as administrators for several emperors. One of the Laterani, Consul-designate Plautius Lateranus, became famous for being accused by Nero of conspiracy against the Emperor. The accusation resulted in the confiscation and redistribution of his properties.
The Lateran Palace fell into the hands of the Emperor when Constantine I married his second wife Fausta, sister of Maxentius. Known by that time as the Domus Faustae or House of Fausta, the Lateran Palace was eventually given to the Bishop of Rome by Constantine I. The actual date of the donation is unknown, but scholars speculate that it was during the pontificate of Pope Miltiades, in time to host a synod of bishops in 313 that was convened to challenge the Donatist schism, declaring Donatism to be heresy. The palace basilica was converted and extended, becoming the residence of Pope Saint Sylvester I, eventually becoming the Cathedral of Rome, the seat of the Popes as the Bishops of Rome.[8]
Pope Sylvester I presided over the official dedication of the archbasilica and the adjacent Lateran Palace in 324, changing the name from Domus Fausta to Domus Dei (House of God) with a dedication to Christ the Savior (Christo Salvatori).
When a cathedra became a symbol of episcopal authority, the papal cathedra was placed in its interior, rendering it the cathedral of the Pope as Bishop of Rome.
When Gregory the Great sent the Gregorian mission to England under Augustine of Canterbury, some original churches in Canterbury took the Roman plan as a model, dedicating a church both to Christ as well as one to Saint Paul, outside the walls of the city. Ironically the church name Christ Church so common for churches around the world today in Anglophone Anglican contexts originally came from this Roman church, central to pre-medieval Christian identity.