ERUPTION OF MOUNT VESUVIUS DURING 1944 WORLD WAR II NAPLES ITALY (silent version) 64794
This Castle Films newsreel vividly shows the last major eruption of Mount Vesuvius in March 1944, right in the middle of the Allied invasion of Italy. The eruption destroyed the villages of San Sebastiano al Vesuvio, Massa di Somma, Ottaviano, and part of San Giorgio a Cremano. From March 18 to 23, 1944, lava flows appeared within the rim. There were outflows. Small explosions then occurred until the major explosion took place on March 18, 1944.
At the time of the eruption, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) 340th Bombardment Group was based at Pompeii Airfield near Terzigno, Italy, just a few kilometers from the eastern base of the mountain. The tephra and hot ash damaged the fabric control surfaces, the engines, the Plexiglas windshields and the gun turrets of the 340th's B-25 Mitchell medium bombers. Estimates ranged from 78 to 88 aircraft destroyed.
The eruption could be seen from Naples, roughly 10 miles distant. Different perspectives and the damage caused to the local villages were recorded by USAAF photographers and other personnel based nearer to the volcano.
Mount Vesuvius (Italian: Monte Vesuvio, Latin: Mons Vesuvius) is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples, Italy, about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. An estimated 16,000 people died due to hydrothermal pyroclastic flows. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.
Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Today, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive (Plinian) eruptions. It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.
We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment! See something interesting? Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example: 01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference.
This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. For more information visit
Places to see in ( Naples - Italy ) Vesuvio
Places to see in ( Naples - Italy ) Vesuvio
Mount Vesuvius is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about 9 km east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, as well as several other settlements. The eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ashes and volcanic gases to a height of 33 km (21 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 6×105 cubic metres (7.8×105 cu yd) per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings. More than 1,000 people died in the eruption, but exact numbers are unknown. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.
Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Today, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards violent, explosive eruptions of the Plinian type, making it the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.
Vesuvius has a long historic and literary tradition. It was considered a divinity of the Genius type at the time of the eruption of AD 79: it appears under the inscribed name Vesuvius as a serpent in the decorative frescos of many lararia, or household shrines, surviving from Pompeii. An inscription from Capua to IOVI VESVVIO indicates that he was worshipped as a power of Jupiter; that is, Jupiter Vesuvius.
Vesuvius is a distinctive humpbacked peak, consisting of a large cone (Gran Cono) partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure called Mount Somma. The Gran Cono was produced during the A.D. 79 eruption. For this reason, the volcano is also called Somma-Vesuvius or Somma-Vesuvio.
( Naples - Italy ) is well know as a tourist destination because of the variety of places you can enjoy while you are visiting Naples . Through a series of videos we will try to show you recommended places to visit in Naples - Italy
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Italy, Naples: Walking up the amazing Mount Vesuvius POV
Mount Vesuvius (pronunciation: /vᵻˈsuːviəs/; Italian: Monte Vesuvio [ˈmonte veˈzuːvjo]; Neapolitan: Vesuvio; Latin: Mons Vesuvius [mõːs wɛˈsʊwɪ.ʊs]; also Vesevus or Vesaevus in some Roman sources)[1] is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, as well as several other settlements. The eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ashes and volcanic gases to a height of 33 km (21 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 6×105 cubic metres (7.8×105 cu yd) per second,[2] ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings.[3] More than 1,000 people died in the eruption, but exact numbers are unknown. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.[4]
Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Today, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards violent, explosive eruptions of the Plinian type, making it the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.[5]
Walking Up An Active Volcano Crater - Mount Mt Vesuvius - Naples Italy
Took this footage on a visit to Naples, Italy recently. Walking up the crater was quite a haul even though you can drive up most of it. Stunning views though, well worth it!
Loads of info here
.....
Vesuvius is the only active volcano in mainland Europe, and has produced some of the continent's largest volcanic eruptions. Located on Italy's west coast, it overlooks the Bay and City of Naples and sits in the crater of the ancient Somma volcano. Vesuvius is most famous for the 79 AD eruption which destroyed the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Though the volcano's last eruption was in 1944, it still represents a great danger to the cities that surround it, especially the busy metropolis of Naples.
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ERUPTION OF MOUNT VESUVIUS DURING 1944 WORLD WAR II NAPLES ITALY 72052f
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This Castle Films newsreel vividly shows the last major eruption of Mount Vesuvius in March 1944, right in the middle of the Allied invasion of Italy. The eruption destroyed the villages of San Sebastiano al Vesuvio, Massa di Somma, Ottaviano, and part of San Giorgio a Cremano. From March 18 to 23, 1944, lava flows appeared within the rim. There were outflows. Small explosions then occurred until the major explosion took place on March 18, 1944.
At the time of the eruption, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) 340th Bombardment Group was based at Pompeii Airfield near Terzigno, Italy, just a few kilometers from the eastern base of the mountain. The tephra and hot ash damaged the fabric control surfaces, the engines, the Plexiglas windshields and the gun turrets of the 340th's B-25 Mitchell medium bombers. Estimates ranged from 78 to 88 aircraft destroyed.
The eruption could be seen from Naples, roughly 10 miles distant. Different perspectives and the damage caused to the local villages were recorded by USAAF photographers and other personnel based nearer to the volcano.
Mount Vesuvius (Italian: Monte Vesuvio, Latin: Mons Vesuvius) is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples, Italy, about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. An estimated 16,000 people died due to hydrothermal pyroclastic flows. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.
Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Today, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive (Plinian) eruptions. It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.
We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment! See something interesting? Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example like: 01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference.
This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD and 2k. For more information visit
Mount Vesuvius, Naples, Campania, Italy, Europe
Mount Vesuvius (Italian: Monte Vesuvio, Latin: Mons Vesuvius) is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples, Italy, about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure. Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. An estimated 16,000 people died due to hydrothermal pyroclastic flows. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus. Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Today, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive (Plinian) eruptions. It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world. Vesuvius is a distinctive humpbacked mountain, consisting of a large cone (Gran Cono) partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure called Monte Somma. The Gran Cono was produced during the eruption of AD 79. For this reason, the volcano is also called Somma-Vesuvius or Somma-Vesuvio. The caldera started forming during an eruption around 17,000 (or 18,300) years ago and was enlarged by later paroxysmal eruptions ending in the one of AD 79. This structure has given its name to the term somma volcano, which describes any volcano with a summit caldera surrounding a newer cone. The height of the main cone has been constantly changed by eruptions but is 1,281 m (4,203 ft) at present. Monte Somma is 1,149 m (3,770 ft) high, separated from the main cone by the valley of Atrio di Cavallo, which is some 5 km (3.1 mi) long. The slopes of the mountain are scarred by lava flows but are heavily vegetated, with scrub and forest at higher altitudes and vineyards lower down. Vesuvius is still regarded as an active volcano, although its current activity produces little more than steam from vents at the bottom of the crater. Vesuvius is a stratovolcano at the convergent boundary where the African Plate is being subducted beneath the Eurasian Plate. Layers of lava, scoria, volcanic ash, and pumice make up the mountain. Their mineralogy is variable, but generally silica-undersaturated and rich in potassium, with phonolite produced in the more explosive eruptions. Mount Vesuvius has erupted many times. The famous eruption in 79 AD was preceded by numerous others in prehistory, including at least three significantly larger ones, the best known being the Avellino eruption around 1800 BC which engulfed several Bronze Age settlements. Since 79 AD, the volcano has also erupted repeatedly, in 172, 203, 222, possibly 303, 379, 472, 512, 536, 685, 787, around 860, around 900, 968, 991, 999, 1006, 1037, 1049, around 1073, 1139, 1150, and there may have been eruptions in 1270, 1347, and 1500. The volcano erupted again in 1631, six times in the 18th century, eight times in the 19th century (notably in 1872), and in 1906, 1929, and 1944. There has been no eruption since 1944, and none of the post-79 eruptions were as large or destructive as the Pompeian one. The eruptions vary greatly in severity but are characterized by explosive outbursts of the kind dubbed Plinian after Pliny the Younger, a Roman writer who published a detailed description of the 79 AD eruption, including his uncle's death. On occasion, eruptions from Vesuvius have been so large that the whole of southern Europe has been blanketed by ash; in 472 and 1631, Vesuvian ash fell on Constantinople (Istanbul), over 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) away. A few times since 1944, landslides in the crater have raised clouds of ash dust, raising false alarms of an eruption. Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. The former was subducted beneath the latter, deeper into the earth. As the water-saturated sediments of the oceanic African plate were pushed to hotter depths in the earth, the water boiled off and caused the melting point of the upper mantle to drop enough to create partial melting of the rocks. Because magma is less dense than the solid rock around it, it was pushed upward. Finding a weak place at the Earth's surface it broke through, producing the volcano.
The volcano is one of several which form the Campanian volcanic arc.
Pompeii and Mount Vesuvius (Active Volcano) - In 4K
Pompeii and Mount Vesuvius (Active Volcano) - In 4K
Song: Lost Kings - You ft. Katelyn Tarver (Evan Berg Remix)
Mount Vesuvius is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about 9 km east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc
Last eruption: March 1944
Elevation: 1,281 m
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Mount Vesuvius Stratovolcano in Italy, Travel & Tourism Video
Mount Vesuvius is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about 9 km east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc.
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Visiting Mount Vesuvius in Naples, Italy
and The Sea Organ, Zadar, Croatia
Mount Vesuvius
--------------------------
Mount Vesuvius also Vesevus or Vesaevus in some Roman sources is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Sea Organ
-----------------
'The Sea organ is an architectural sound art object located in Zadar, Croatia and an experimental musical instrument, which plays music by way of sea waves and tubes located underneath a set of large marble steps. Chaotic reconstruction work was undertaken in an attempt to repair the devastation Zadar suffered in the Second World War. The frantic reconstruction turned much of the sea front into an unbroken, monotonous concrete wall. The device was made by the architect Nikola Bašić as part of the project to redesign the new city coast, and the site was opened to the public on 15 April 2005. The waves interact with the organ in order to create somewhat random but harmonic sounds.'
Teacher house tour, Somma Vesuviana (Naples,Italy)
Italy Naples 3D RED/CYAN 3D, 3D ANAGLYPH, Mount Vesuvius Napoli Google Earth
Italy Naples 3D RED/CYAN 3D, 3D ANAGLYPH, Mount Vesuvius Napoli Google Earth
Naples (/ˈneɪpəlz/; Italian: Napoli [ˈnaːpoli] (About this soundlisten); Neapolitan: Napule [ˈnɑːpələ, ˈnɑːpulə]; Ancient Greek: Νεάπολις, romanized: Neápolis) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan. In 2017, around 967,069 people lived within the city's administrative limits while its province-level municipality has a population of 3,115,320 residents. Its continuously built-up metropolitan area (that stretches beyond the boundaries of the Metropolitan City of Naples) is the second or third largest metropolitan area in Italy and one of the most densely populated cities in Europe.
Mount Vesuvius (/vɪˈsuːviəs/ viss-OO-vee-əs; Italian: Monte Vesuvio Italian pronunciation: [ˈmonte veˈzuːvjo; -suː]; Neapolitan: Muntagna Vesuvio [munˈdaɲːə vəˈsuːvjə]; Latin: Mons Vesuvius [mõːs wɛˈsʊwɪ.ʊs]; also Vesevus or Vesaevus in some Roman sources) is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79 destroyed the Roman cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis and Stabiae, as well as several other settlements. The eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ashes and volcanic gases to a height of 33 km (21 mi), erupting molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 6×105 cubic metres (7.8×105 cu yd) per second, ultimately releasing 100,000 times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings. More than 1,000 people died in the eruption, but exact numbers are unknown. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.
Somma volcano
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A somma volcano is a volcanic caldera that has been partially filled by a new central cone.The name comes from Mount Somma, a stratovolcano in southern Italy with a summit caldera in which the upper cone of Mount Vesuvius has grown.A number of the world's best examples of somma volcanoes are found on Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula and the Kuril Islands that stretch south from Kamchatka to Hokkaidō .Some examples of somma volcanoes are the following: Europe Mount Vesuvius Mount Pico, Azores, Portugal .
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Mount Vesuvius, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples
Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples
Italy
Climbing Napoli Winter arrampicata vesuvius vesuvio naples 4k
❄ climbing arrampicata Napoli in Inverno con Direzione Verticale
#napoli ❄ balla ed è bella anche col freddo polare ????
Treadmill Virtual Run 66: Pompeii and Mount Vesuvius, Italy
Join me on my treadmill virtual run around the ancient ruins of Pompeii and on top of Mount Vesuvius, the volcano that destroyed it in AD79!
We will see:
00:05 Foro (forum - old town square)
00:30 Archi Onorari
01:03 Via di Mercurio
07:36 Via dell'Abbondanza
11:18 Anfiteatro (Amphitheatre)
14:40 Palestra Grande (public garden)
25:18 Quadriportico dei teatri o Caserma dei Gladiatori (Gladiators quarters and training ground)
25:57 Teatro Piccolo - Odeion (small theatre)
27:03 Teatro Grande (large theatre)
29:30 Via Stabiana
31:41 Via Della Fortuna
32:42 Via Delle Terme
33:15 Vicolo di Modesto
39:37 Granai del Foro
39:38 Bodies
40:47 Mount Vesuvius journey
41:04 On top of Vesuvius
43:00 View of Terzigno (not far from Pompeii)
48:00 Mount Vesuvius decent
48:20 Views of Mount Somma (old rim of Vesuvius)
51:40 Views of Naples
57:18 Views of Naples and the island of Ischia
Number of other runners/joggers spotted: 0
Distance: 10km
Treadmill website:
Other Stuff:
Helicopter Tour Vesuvius
Departing from Naples or Sorrento you can reach by Helicopter Mount Vesuvius in only 10 minutes flight !
Mount Vesuvius & Pompeii Facts & History
Mount Vesuvius & Pompeii Facts & History Vesuvius, Italian Vesuvio, active volcano that rises above the Bay of Naples on the plain of Campania in southern Italy. Its western base rests almost upon the bay. The height of the cone in 1980 was 4,198 feet (1,280 metres), but it varies considerably after each major eruption. At about 1,968 feet a high semicircular ridge, called Mount Somma, begins, girding the cone on the north and rising to 3,714 feet. Between Mount Somma and the cone is the Valle del Gigante (Giant’s Valley). At the summit of the cone is a large crater about 1,000 feet deep and 2,000 feet across; it was formed in the eruption of 1944. More than two million people live in the area of Vesuvius and on its lower slopes. There are industrial towns along the coast of the Bay of Naples and small agricultural centres on the northern slopes.Vesuvius probably originated somewhat less than 200,000 years ago. Although a relatively young volcano, Vesuvius had been dormant for centuries before the great eruption of 79 ce that buried the cities of Pompeii and Stabiae under ashes and lapilli and the city of Herculaneum under a mudflow. The writer Pliny the Younger, who was staying at a place west of Naples, gave an excellent account of the catastrophe in two letters to the historian Tacitus. Between the years 79 and 1631, several eruptions were reported. Confirmed eruptions occurred in 203, 472, 512, 787, 968, 991, 999, 1007, and 1036. The explosions of 512 were so severe that Theodoric the Goth released the people living on the slopes of Vesuvius from payment of taxes.
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Journey to the Top of Mount Vesuvius!
The Volcano Mount Vesuvius in the Naples region of Italy. This is the volcano that destroyed the ancient Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum in AD 79. A Bus ride up to the entrance of the National Park, and then a hike up to the top and to the rim of the volcano.
December 2016
Dream of Italy: Music in the Shadow of Mt. Vesuvius
In the Naples/Amalfi Coast episode of Dream of Italy (new PBS travel series underwritten by Viator), host Kathy McCabe visits the town to Somma Vesuviana, in the shadow of Mount Vesuvius, home to two incredible musical groups carrying on local folk music traditions, Paranza d'Ognundo and Gruppo Folk Patrizio dell'Accademia. For more information, visit dreamofitaly.com
Mount Vesuvius - Monte Vesuvio - Volcano di Pompei- Napoli- Italy
মাউন্ট ভেসুভিয়াস হ'ল সোমাল-স্ট্রেটোভোলকানো যা ইতালির ক্যাম্পানিয়ায় নেপলস উপসাগরে নেপলসের প্রায় 9 কিমি (5.6 মাইল) পূর্বে এবং তীরে থেকে কিছুটা দূরে অবস্থিত। এটি বেশ কয়েকটি আগ্নেয়গিরিগুলির মধ্যে একটি যা ক্যাম্পিয়ানীয় আগ্নেয়গিরিটি তৈরি করে। ভিসুভিয়াস একটি বৃহত শঙ্কু নিয়ে গঠিত যা একটি পূর্ববর্তী এবং মূলত অনেক উচ্চতর কাঠামোর পতনের ফলে একটি শীর্ষে শীর্ষে ক্যালডির খাড়া রিম দ্বারা আংশিকভাবে ঘেরা থাকে।
AD৯ খ্রিস্টাব্দে ভেসুভিয়াস মাউন্টের অগ্ন্যুত্পাত রোমান শহর পম্পেই, হারকিউলেনিয়াম, ওপলন্টিস এবং স্ট্যাবিয়াসহ বেশ কয়েকটি অন্যান্য বসতি ধ্বংস করে দেয়। বিস্ফোরণটি পাথর, ছাই এবং আগ্নেয়গিরির গ্যাসের মেঘকে 33 কিলোমিটার (21 মাইল) উচ্চতায় সরিয়ে দেয়, গলিত শিলা এবং পালভারাইজ পিউমিস প্রতি সেকেন্ডে 6 × 105 ঘনমিটার (7.8 u 105 কিউইডি) হারে [2] ] চূড়ান্তভাবে হিরোশিমা-নাগাসাকী বোমা বিস্ফোরণে মুক্তি দেওয়া তাপশক্তি 100,000 গুণ প্রকাশ করে [[3] বিস্ফোরণে এক হাজারেরও বেশি লোক মারা গিয়েছিল, তবে সঠিক সংখ্যা জানা যায়নি। ইভেন্টটির একমাত্র বেঁচে থাকা প্রত্যক্ষদর্শীর বিবরণে ইতিহাসবিদ ট্যাসিটাসের কাছে প্লিনি দ্য ইয়ঞ্জারের দুটি চিঠি রয়েছে [[৪]
ভিসুভিয়াস তখন থেকে বহুবার অগ্ন্যুত্পাত হয়েছে এবং ইউরোপীয় মূল ভূখণ্ডের একমাত্র আগ্নেয়গিরি যা গত শত বছরের মধ্যে উদ্ভূত হয়েছিল। বর্তমানে এটি বিশ্বের অন্যতম বিপজ্জনক আগ্নেয়গিরি হিসাবে বিবেচিত হয় কারণ প্রায় ৩,০০,০০০ লোক ক্ষতিগ্রস্থ হওয়ার পক্ষে কাছাকাছি বাস করে এবং বিপদ অঞ্চলে 600০০,০০০ মানুষ এটি বিশ্বের সর্বাধিক ঘনবসতিপূর্ণ আগ্নেয়গিরি অঞ্চল হিসাবে পরিণত করে প্লিনিয়ান ধরণের হিংসাত্মক, বিস্ফোরক বিস্ফোরণের দিকে এর প্রবণতা হিসাবে
ভেসুভিয়াসের দীর্ঘ historicতিহাসিক ও সাহিত্যিক .তিহ্য রয়েছে। AD৯ খ্রিস্টাব্দের সময় এটিকে জেনিয়াস ধরণের একটি দেবতা হিসাবে বিবেচনা করা হত: এটি পম্পেই থেকে বেঁচে থাকা বহু লারিয়া বা গৃহস্থালী মন্দিরের সজ্জিত ফ্রেসকোষের সর্প হিসাবে ভেসুভিয়াস নামে খোদাই করা নাম হিসাবে প্রদর্শিত হয়। কপুয়া []] থেকে আইওভি ভেসভিওয়ের একটি শিলালিপি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে তাকে বৃহস্পতির শক্তি হিসাবে পূজা করা হয়েছিল; অর্থাৎ বৃহস্পতি ভেসুভিয়াস [
রোমানরা ভেসুভিয়াস পর্বতকে হারকিউলিসের প্রতি অনুগত বলে বিবেচনা করেছিল। [৮] Ianতিহাসিক ডায়োডেরাস সিকুলাস একটি relaতিহ্যের সাথে বর্ণনা করেছেন যে হারকিউলিস তার শ্রমদর্শনের সম্পাদনায় সিসিলি যাওয়ার পথে নিকটবর্তী কুমাইয়ের দেশ দিয়ে গিয়ে সেখানে ফিলগ্রেন সমভূমি (fire πεδίον, আগুনের সমতল) নামে একটি জায়গা পেয়েছিলেন। , এমন এক পাহাড় থেকে যা আগুনে আগুন দিয়েছিল ... এটি এখন ভেসুভিয়াস নামে পরিচিত [ [9] এখানে দস্যুরা ছিলেন পৃথিবীর পুত্র, দস্যুরা বাস করত। দেবতাদের সহায়তায় তিনি অঞ্চল প্রশান্ত করেছিলেন এবং এগিয়ে গিয়েছিলেন। Ercতিহ্যের পিছনে তথ্যগুলি, যদি থাকে তবে অজানা থেকে যায়, যেমন হার্কুল্যানিয়ামের নামকরণ হয়েছিল কিনা তাও তা করে না। ৮৮ খ্রিস্টাব্দে কবি মার্শালের একটি চিত্র সূচিত হয়েছে যে পম্পেইয়ের পৃষ্ঠপোষকতা ভেনাস এবং হারকিউলিস উভয়ই 79৯-এর বিস্ফোরণে বিধ্বস্ত অঞ্চলে উপাসনা করেছিলেন।
ভেসুভিয়াস একটি হাম্পব্যাকড শিখর, একটি বৃহত শঙ্কু (গ্রান কনো) সমন্বিত একটি শীর্ষ শৃঙ্গ ক্যালডেরার খাড়া রিম দ্বারা আংশিকভাবে আবৃত যা পূর্ববর্তী এবং মূলত মাউন্ট সোমমা নামে অনেক উঁচু কাঠামোর পতনের ফলে ঘটেছিল। [15] গ্রান কনো তৈরি হয়েছিল এডি 79৯ এর অগ্ন্যুৎপাতের সময়। এই কারণে আগ্নেয়গিরিটিকে সোমমা-ভেসুভিয়াস বা সোমমা-ভেসুভিওও বলা হয়। [উদ্ধৃতি প্রয়োজন]
প্রায় ১ 17,০০০-১৮,০০০ বছর আগে ক্যালডেরার অস্তিত্ব শুরু হয়েছিল, [১de] [১ 17] [১৮] এবং পরবর্তীতে প্যারোক্সিমাল বিস্ফোরণ দ্বারা সম্প্রসারিত হয়েছিল, [১৯] ১৯৯ AD খ্রিস্টাব্দের একের মধ্যে শেষ হয়েছিল This এই কাঠামোটির নামটির নাম দেওয়া হয়েছে সোমা আগ্নেয়গিরি শব্দটি, যা একটি নতুন শঙ্কুকে ঘিরে শীর্ষে থাকা কলডের সাথে যে কোনও আগ্নেয়গিরির বর্ণনা দেয়। [২০]
মূল শঙ্কুটির উচ্চতা অবিচ্ছিন্নভাবে ক্রমাগত পরিবর্তিত হয়েছিল তবে 2010 সালে এটি 1,281 মিটার (4,203 ফুট) ছিল। [১ 17] মন্টে সোমমা 1,132 মিটার (3,714 ফুট) উচু, মূল শঙ্কু থেকে অ্যাট্রিও ডি ক্যাভালো উপত্যকার দ্বারা পৃথক করা, যা দীর্ঘ 5 কিমি (3.1 মাইল) দীর্ঘ। আগ্নেয়গিরির slালু লাভা প্রবাহ দ্বারা দাগযুক্ত, এবং বাকিগুলি বেশিরভাগ গাছপালা, উচ্চতর উচ্চতা এবং দ্রাক্ষাক্ষেত্রের নীচে নীচে স্ক্রাব এবং বনভূমি সহ। ভেসুভিয়াস এখনও একটি সক্রিয় আগ্নেয়গিরি হিসাবে বিবেচিত, যদিও এর বর্তমান কার্যকলাপটি গর্তের নীচে এবং দেয়ালের ভেন্টগুলি থেকে সালফার সমৃদ্ধ বাষ্পের চেয়ে কিছুটা বেশি উত্পাদন করে। ভেসুভিয়াস হ'ল একটি অভিজাত সীমানায় স্ট্রোভোলকানো যেখানে আফ্রিকান প্লেটটি ইউরেশিয়ান প্লেটের নীচে অপহরণ করা হচ্ছে। লাভা, ছাই, স্কোরিয়া এবং পিউমিস স্তরগুলি আগ্নেয় শৃঙ্গগুলি তৈরি করে। তাদের খনিজবিজ্ঞানটি পরিবর্তনশীল, তবে সাধারণত সিলিকা-আন্ডারসেট্রেটেড এবং পটাসিয়াম সমৃদ্ধ, আরও বেশি বিস্ফোরক ফেটে ডোনোলাইট উত্পাদিত হয় [২১] (যেমন 1631 সালে বিস্ফোরণটি একটি সম্পূর্ণ স্ট্রেগ্রাগ্রাফিক এবং পেট্রোগ্রাফিক বিবরণ প্রদর্শন করে: ফোনোলাইট প্রথমে ফেটেছিল, তার পরে টেফ্রিটিক ফোনোলাইট হয়) এবং অবশেষে একটি ফোনোলিটিক টেফ্রাইট)