Ekaterinburg Russia - Екатеринбург Россия .: www.Ekaterinburg.TK :.
History:
Ekaterinburg is 284 years old. Originally established by the Russian Emperor, Peter the Great, as a major industrial and administrative centre and it has remained so for nearly three centuries.
The glory of the foundation of Ekaterinburg is shared by two fledglings of Peter's nest - Captain Vasilij Tatishchev who determined the location of the plant/fortress, and the engineer and general of artillery, William de Gennin, who later put the plant into operation. On November 7 (18), 1723 two iron-forging hammers were put into operation in the hammer-forging shop of the plant. This event was registered as the official date of birth of the town named after the Saint Martyr Catherine (Ekaterina in Russian), the patroness of mining crafts, and after the reigning empress who had been baptized Catherine by the Russian Orthodox Church.
At the same time, Ekaterinburg was turning into a centre of non-mining industries and banking business. The discovery of Siberian gold brought about a fabulous wealth to the city and stimulated its growth. For a long time the mining of this gold was the monopoly of the Ekaterinburg merchants - the Ryazanovs, Rastorguyevs, Balandins, and others.
Situated on the border between Europe and Asia the town also played an important mediating role in trade. Initially, one part of the fortress, and then of the town, was called a Trade part. In 1843 the State Commercial Bank opened its branch office in Ekaterinburg; the Siberian, the Volga-Kama, and the City Community Banks began operating here early in the XXth century.
Despite its provincial character, the town was a major cultural center. It had a mining school, a mining research society, and a mining museum. 1843 was the year of the establishment of the town's first theatre company, for which, four years later, the citizens constructed a theatre building on Glavny Prospect (Main Street). In 1870, the Ural Society of Science Enthusiasts was established whose members published works about the Ural region and organized expeditions. The national crisis caused by World War I, the February revolution and the October upheaval radically changed the fate of the town. On October 26, 1917 Soviet Power was proclaimed in Ekaterinburg.
Before the civil war Ekaterinburg became a regional centre, and in 1923 it was granted it's rights, and in 1923 it was granted the rights of the administrative centre of the huge, newly established Ural region.
In 1924 the name of Ekaterinburg disappeared from the map of the country. As the totalitarian regime grew stronger it gave the names of its leaders to all places, big and small. Thus, Ekaterinburg was renamed Sverdlovsk and in 1934 it became the main city of the region bearing the same name.
Throughout the 1920s - 1930s Ekaterinburg preserved its significance as an industrial and cultural centre of the Urals. The construction of huge plants brought about a threefold increase in its population. The Sverdlovsk builders constructed dozens of industrial buildings, blocks of flats, schools, shops and hospitals. In 1925 the city got its first water supply line and first bus routes. In 1929 the first tram appeared on its streets and a broadcasting station was put into operation. High-rise buildings became the sign of the time.
In 1940, the city had 12 institutions of higher learning, 30 technical schools, 100 secondary schools, 166 libraries, 7 museums, and 5 theatres.
Sverdlovsk was turning into a city of big science. In 1932 the USSR Academy of Sciences opened its branch here. During the years of World War II the city was turned into a powerful arsenal of military equipment and armaments. The leading enterprises of the city were converted to military production. Sverdlovsk gave refuge to the People's Commissariat of Nonferrous Metallurgy, the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Air-Force Academy, the Central Theatre of Soviet Army, the famous Moscow MHAT theatre, and the unique collections of the Hermitage.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
My tags:
Ekaterinburg Juli 2004 - Yekaterinburg, Russia, Ural, Екатеринбург, Россия, ViXXeN.NL
Ekaterinburg, Yekaterinburg, Jekaterinburg, Russia, Ural, Россия, Ekaterinburg, Februari, 2007, Yekatrinburg, Russia, Ural, Sverdlovsk, Екатеринбург, Россия, ViXXeN, ViXXeN.NL,
Yekaterinburg | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:00:18 1 History
00:00:27 1.1 Prehistory
00:00:46 1.2 Imperial era
00:01:04 1.3 Soviet era
00:01:22 1.4 Contemporary era
00:01:41 2 Geography and climate
00:01:50 2.1 Location
00:02:09 2.2 Time
00:02:27 2.3 Climate
00:02:45 3 Demographics
00:02:55 3.1 Population
00:03:13 3.2 Religion
00:03:31 4 Government
00:03:50 4.1 Administrative districts
00:04:08 4.2 Administration
00:04:18 4.2.1 Urban
00:04:36 4.2.2 Oblast
00:04:54 4.2.3 Federal
00:05:13 4.3 Politics
00:05:31 5 Economy
00:05:40 5.1 Overview
00:05:59 5.2 Living costs and the labor market
00:06:17 5.3 Finance and business
00:06:36 5.4 Industry
00:06:54 5.5 Retail and services
00:07:13 5.6 Tourism
00:07:31 6 Infrastructure
00:07:40 6.1 Transportation
00:07:59 6.1.1 Roads
00:08:17 6.1.2 Public transit
00:08:36 6.1.3 Rail
00:08:54 6.1.4 Air
00:09:12 6.2 Health
00:09:31 7 Education
00:09:59 8 Media and telecommunications
00:10:17 9 Life and culture
00:10:26 9.1 Overview
00:10:54 9.2 Architecture
00:11:21 9.3 Sports
00:11:40 9.3.1 Sport clubs
00:11:58 9.3.2 2018 FIFA World Cup
00:12:17 10 International relations
00:12:26 10.1 Consulates
00:12:44 10.2 BRIC summit
00:13:03 10.3 World Expo
00:13:21 10.4 Twin towns and sister cities
00:13:31 11 Notable people
00:13:40 12 Others
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7596888495503729
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Yekaterinburg ( yih-KAT-ər-in-burg; Russian: Екатеринбу́рг, IPA: [jɪkətʲɪrʲɪnˈburk]), alternatively romanized Ekaterinburg, is the fourth-largest city in Russia and the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk Oblast, located on the Iset River east of the Ural Mountains, in the middle of the Eurasian continent, on the Asian side of the boundary between Asia and Europe. It is the main cultural and industrial centre of the oblast. In 2018, it had an estimated population of 1,501,652. Yekaterinburg has been dubbed the third capital of Russia, as it is ranked third by the size of economy, culture, transportation and tourism. It is located about 1,420 kilometres (880 mi) to the east of Moscow.
The region was settled and developed by Novgorodians already in the 11th century.
Yekaterinburg was founded on 18 November 1723 and named after the Russian emperor Peter the Great's wife, who after his death became Catherine I, Yekaterina being the Russian form of her name. The city served as the mining capital of the Russian Empire as well as a strategic connection between Europe and Asia at the time. In 1781, Catherine the Great gave Yekaterinburg the status of a district town of Perm Province, and built the main road of the Empire, the Siberian Route, through the city. Yekaterinburg became a key city to Siberia, which had rich resources, and was known as the window to Asia, a reference to Saint Petersburg as a window to Europe. In the late 19th century, Yekaterinburg became one of the centres of revolutionary movements in the Urals. In 1924, after Russia became a socialist state, the city was named Sverdlovsk (Russian: Свердло́вск) after the Bolshevik leader Yakov Sverdlov. During the Soviet era, Sverdlovsk was turned into an industrial and administrative powerhouse. In 1991, after the fall of the Soviet Union, the city returned to its historical name.
Yekaterinburg is one of the most important economic centres in Russia, and the city had experienced economic and population growth recently. Some of the tallest buildings in Russia are located in the city.
History of Soviet & Russian Tanks : How They Are Built Documentary
How Soviet tanks and actual russian modern tanks are built in factories.
Lockheed U-2 | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:50 1 Development
00:01:59 1.1 Background
00:04:39 1.2 Lockheed proposal
00:07:33 1.3 Approval
00:10:10 1.4 Manufacture
00:13:32 1.5 Fuel
00:15:35 1.6 Radar cross-section reduction
00:16:05 2 Design
00:23:28 2.1 Sensors
00:24:47 3 Operational history
00:24:58 3.1 United States
00:25:07 3.1.1 Pilot selection and training
00:28:01 3.1.2 Test flights
00:32:12 3.1.3 Cover story
00:34:24 3.1.4 First overflights of Communist territory
00:39:39 3.1.5 Bomber gap disproven
00:41:02 3.1.6 Suez Crisis
00:42:58 3.1.7 Renewal of Eastern Bloc overflights
00:47:00 3.1.8 The missile gap
00:50:56 3.1.9 May 1960 U-2 incident
00:55:24 3.1.10 Restructuring
00:57:24 3.1.11 Cuba
01:01:19 3.1.12 Asia
01:05:48 3.1.13 U-2 carrier operations
01:07:04 3.1.14 1970–2000
01:09:31 3.1.15 Recent use and planned retirement
01:16:32 3.2 United Kingdom
01:20:23 3.3 Republic of China
01:26:43 4 Variants
01:26:53 4.1 Primary list
01:29:36 4.2 U-2E/F/H details
01:30:52 4.3 U-2R/S details
01:32:19 4.4 ER-2 details
01:33:10 4.5 TR-X/RQ-180
01:37:35 5 Operators
01:43:09 6 Aircraft on display
01:43:19 6.1 China
01:43:56 6.2 Cuba
01:45:00 6.3 Norway
01:45:16 6.4 Russia
01:45:43 6.5 United Kingdom
01:46:01 6.6 United States
01:47:52 7 Specifications (U-2S)
01:51:01 8 In popular culture
01:52:14 9 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9065410457511243
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Lockheed U-2, nicknamed Dragon Lady, is an American single-jet engine, ultra-high altitude reconnaissance aircraft operated by the United States Air Force (USAF) and previously flown by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). It provides day and night, high-altitude (70,000 feet; 21,000 m), all-weather intelligence gathering.Lockheed Corporation originally proposed it in 1953, approval followed 1954, and the first test flight occurred in 1955. It was flown during the Cold War over the Soviet Union, China, Vietnam, and Cuba. In 1960, Gary Powers was shot down in a CIA U-2A over the Soviet Union by a surface-to-air missile (SAM). Major Rudolf Anderson Jr. was shot down in another U-2 during the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962.
U-2s have also taken part in post–Cold War conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, and supported several multinational NATO operations. The U-2 has also been used for electronic sensor research, satellite calibration, scientific research, and communications purposes. The U-2 is one of a handful of aircraft types to have served the USAF for over 50 years, like the Boeing B-52 and Boeing KC-135. The newest models (TR-1, U-2R, U-2S) entered service in the 1980s with the latest model, the U-2S, receiving its technical upgrade in 2012.
Minsk | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:00 1 Etymology and historical names
00:02:08 2 History
00:02:17 2.1 Early history
00:04:11 2.2 Late Middle Ages
00:06:42 2.3 Russian rule
00:09:26 2.4 20th century
00:15:51 2.5 Recent developments
00:17:19 3 Geography
00:18:46 3.1 Climate
00:20:31 3.2 Ecological situation
00:21:48 4 Demographics
00:21:57 4.1 Population growth
00:22:09 4.2 Ethnic groups
00:29:35 4.3 Languages
00:31:23 4.4 Religion
00:32:02 4.5 Crime
00:33:42 5 Economy
00:35:30 5.1 Industry
00:39:17 5.2 Unemployment
00:39:58 6 Government and administrative divisions
00:40:24 7 Culture
00:40:52 7.1 Churches
00:42:46 7.2 Cemeteries
00:43:20 7.3 Theatres
00:43:53 7.4 Museums
00:44:34 7.5 Recreation areas
00:44:54 7.6 Cinemas
00:46:16 8 Tourism
00:46:36 9 Sports
00:46:44 9.1 Football
00:47:01 9.2 Ice hockey
00:47:15 9.3 Handball
00:47:26 9.4 Basketball
00:47:37 9.5 International sporting events
00:48:29 10 Transport
00:48:38 10.1 Local transport
00:50:41 10.2 Rapid transit
00:53:38 10.3 Railway and intercity bus
00:55:40 10.4 Airports
00:57:05 11 Education
00:57:30 11.1 Major higher educational institutions
01:02:55 12 Honors
01:03:15 13 Notable residents
01:07:04 14 International relations
01:07:14 14.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:07:26 15 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7705188183237154
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Minsk (Belarusian: Мінск, pronounced [mʲinsk]; Russian: Минск) is the capital and largest city of Belarus, situated on the Svislač and the Nyamiha Rivers. As the national capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administrative centre of Minsk Region (voblasć) and Minsk District (rajon). The population in January 2018 was 1,982,444, (not including suburbs) making Minsk the 11th most populous city in Europe. Minsk is the administrative capital of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and seat of its Executive Secretary.
The earliest historical references to Minsk date to the 11th century (1067), when it was noted as a provincial city within the Principality of Polotsk. The settlement developed on the rivers. In 1242, Minsk became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It received town privileges in 1499.From 1569, it was a capital of the Minsk Voivodeship, in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was part of a region annexed by the Russian Empire in 1793, as a consequence of the Second Partition of Poland. From 1919 to 1991, after the Russian Revolution, Minsk was the capital of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, in the Soviet Union. In June 2019, Minsk will host the 2019 European Games. Tourists who have accreditation cards or tickets to sporting events can visit the country rom 10 June till 10 July 2019 without a visa.
Minsk | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Minsk
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Minsk (Belarusian: Мінск, pronounced [mʲinsk]; Russian: Минск, [mʲinsk]) is the capital and largest city of Belarus, situated on the Svislač and the Nyamiha Rivers. As the national capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administrative centre of Minsk Region (voblasć) and Minsk District (rajon). The population in January 2018 was 1,982,444, making Minsk the 11th most populous city in Europe. Minsk is the administrative capital of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and seat of the Executive Secretary.
The earliest historical references to Minsk date to the 11th century (1067), when it was noted as a provincial city within the Principality of Polotsk. The settlement developed on the rivers. In 1242, Minsk became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It received town privileges in 1499.
From 1569, it was a capital of the Minsk Voivodeship, in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was part of a region annexed by the Russian Empire in 1793, as a consequence of the Second Partition of Poland. From 1919 to 1991, after the Russian Revolution, Minsk was the capital of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, in the Soviet Union. Minsk will host the 2019 European Games.