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Alan Watts - On Aldous Huxley (Lecture Part 1)
Experience is not what happens to a man; it is what a man does with what happens to him. - Aldous Huxley
Explore Your Youniverse
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History of medicine | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:14 1 Prehistoric medicine
00:03:30 2 Early civilizations
00:03:40 2.1 Mesopotamia
00:07:55 2.2 Egypt
00:10:42 2.3 India
00:15:24 2.4 China
00:18:58 3 Greece and Roman Empire
00:21:18 3.1 Hippocrates
00:24:19 3.2 Herophilus and Erasistratus
00:26:17 3.3 Galen
00:28:02 3.4 Roman contributions
00:28:58 4 The Middle Ages, 400 to 1400
00:29:09 4.1 Byzantine Empire and Sassanid Empire
00:31:54 4.2 Islamic world
00:33:49 4.3 Europe
00:35:38 4.3.1 Schools
00:37:30 4.3.2 Humours
00:39:01 4.3.3 Women
00:39:34 5 Renaissance to early modern period 16th–18th century
00:42:13 5.1 Paracelsus
00:43:43 5.2 Padua and Bologna
00:46:44 5.3 Women
00:49:00 5.4 Age of Enlightenment
00:50:02 5.5 Britain
00:52:53 5.6 Spain and Spanish Empire
00:55:14 6 19th century: rise of modern medicine
00:56:27 6.1 Germ theory and bacteriology
01:01:36 6.2 Women
01:01:44 6.2.1 Women as nurses
01:05:09 6.2.2 Women as physicians
01:06:21 6.3 Paris
01:09:15 6.4 Vienna
01:11:17 6.5 Berlin
01:12:14 6.6 U.S. Civil War
01:15:30 6.7 Statistical methods
01:18:25 6.8 Worldwide dissemination
01:18:34 6.8.1 United States
01:18:54 6.8.2 Japan
01:21:57 6.9 Psychiatry
01:27:31 7 20th century and beyond
01:27:42 7.1 Twentieth-century warfare and medicine
01:29:58 7.2 Public health
01:31:40 7.3 Second World War
01:32:43 7.3.1 Nazi and Japanese medical research
01:33:47 7.4 Malaria
01:35:11 7.5 Post-World War II
01:39:18 7.5.1 Modern surgery
01:40:40 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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Speaking Rate: 0.8076384848462415
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The history of medicine shows how societies have changed in their approach to illness and disease from ancient times to the present. Early medical traditions include those of Babylon, China, Egypt and India. The Indians introduced the concepts of medical diagnosis, prognosis, and advanced medical ethics. The Hippocratic Oath was written in ancient Greece in the 5th century BCE, and is a direct inspiration for oaths of office that physicians swear upon entry into the profession today. In the Middle Ages, surgical practices inherited from the ancient masters were improved and then systematized in Rogerius's The Practice of Surgery. Universities began systematic training of physicians around 1220 CE in Italy.
During the Renaissance, understanding of anatomy improved, and the microscope was invented. Prior to the 19th century, humorism (also known as humoralism) was thought to explain the cause of disease but it was gradually replaced by the germ theory of disease, leading to effective treatments and even cures for many infectious diseases. Military doctors advanced the methods of trauma treatment and surgery. Public health measures were developed especially in the 19th century as the rapid growth of cities required systematic sanitary measures. Advanced research centers opened in the early 20th century, often connected with major hospitals. The mid-20th century was characterized by new biological treatments, such as antibiotics. These advancements, along with developments in chemistry, genetics, and radiography led to modern medicine. Medicine was heavily professionalized in the 20th century, and new careers opened to women as nurses (from the 1870s) and as physicians (especially after 1970).
Dionysus | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:43 1 Etymology
00:05:03 2 Origins
00:08:23 3 Epithets
00:12:00 4 Worship and festivals in Greece
00:12:28 4.1 Dionysia
00:14:03 4.2 Bacchic mysteries
00:16:05 4.3 Eleusinian mysteries
00:21:14 4.4 Orphism
00:23:23 5 Worship and festivals in Rome
00:23:34 5.1 Liber and importation to Rome
00:26:20 5.2 Bacchanalia
00:29:04 6 Post-classical worship
00:29:14 6.1 Late Antiquity
00:30:35 6.2 Worship from the Middle Ages to the Modern period
00:33:13 7 Identification with other gods
00:33:23 7.1 Osiris
00:35:42 7.2 Hades
00:39:39 7.3 Sabazios and Yahweh
00:43:02 8 Mythology
00:45:04 8.1 First birth
00:48:38 8.1.1 Interpretation
00:51:10 8.2 Second birth
00:56:57 8.2.1 Interpretation
00:59:13 8.3 Infancy
01:02:01 8.4 Travels and invention of wine
01:04:06 8.5 Return to Greece
01:06:39 8.6 Captivity and escape
01:08:36 8.7 Descent to the underworld
01:11:15 8.8 Secondary myths
01:11:24 8.8.1 Midas' golden touch
01:12:52 8.8.2 Other myths
01:14:31 9 Lovers and offspring
01:14:41 10 Iconography
01:14:50 10.1 Symbols
01:18:36 10.2 In classical art
01:22:06 11 Post-classical culture
01:22:16 11.1 Art from the Renaissance on
01:24:45 11.2 Modern literature and philosophy
01:27:29 11.3 Modern film and performance art
01:29:20 12 Parallels with Christianity
01:29:39 12.1 Death and resurrection
01:30:26 12.2 Trial
01:31:18 12.3 Sacred food and drink
01:32:05 12.4 Other parallels
01:34:06 13 Gallery
01:34:15 14 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9718496197373047
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Dionysus is the god of the grape-harvest, winemaking and wine, of fertility, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, and theatre in ancient Greek religion and myth.He is also known as Bacchus ( or ; Greek: Βάκχος, Bákkhos), the name adopted by the Romans and the frenzy he induces is bakkheia. His thyrsus, sometimes wound with ivy and dripping with honey, is both a beneficent wand and a weapon used to destroy those who oppose his cult and the freedoms he represents. As Eleutherios (the liberator), his wine, music and ecstatic dance free his followers from self-conscious fear and care, and subvert the oppressive restraints of the powerful. Those who partake of his mysteries are believed to become possessed and empowered by the god himself.In his religion, identical with or closely related to Orphism, Dionysus was believed to have been born from the union of Zeus and Persephone, and to have himself represented a cthonic or underworld aspect of Zeus. Many believed that he had been born twice, having been killed and reborn as the son of Zeus and the mortal Semele. In the Eleusinian Mysteries he was identified with Iacchus, the son (or, alternately, husband) of Demeter.
His origins are uncertain, and his cults took many forms; some are described by ancient sources as Thracian, others as Greek. Though most accounts say he was born in Thrace, traveled abroad, and arrived in Greece as a foreigner, evidence from the Mycenaean period of Greek history show that he is one of Greece's oldest attested gods. His attribute of foreignness as an arriving outsider-god may be inherent and essential to his cults, as he is a god of epiphany, sometimes called the god that comes.Wine played an important role in Greek culture, and the cult of Dionysus was the main religious focus surrounding its consumption. Wine, as well as the vines and grapes that produce it, were seen as not only a gift of the god, but a symbolic incarnation of him on earth. However, rather than being a god of drunkenness, as he was often stereotyped in the post-Classical era, the religion of Dionysus centered on the correct consumption of wine, which could ease suffering and bring joy, as well as inspire divine madness distinct from drunkenness. Performance art and drama were also central to his religion, and its festiva ...
Joan of Arc | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Joan of Arc
00:02:18 1 Background
00:06:51 2 Life
00:09:17 2.1 Rise
00:13:21 2.2 Military campaigns
00:18:58 2.3 Capture
00:21:42 2.4 Trial
00:25:30 2.5 Cross-dressing charge
00:28:24 2.6 Execution
00:29:15 3 Posthumous events
00:30:27 3.1 Retrial
00:31:54 3.2 Canonization
00:32:24 4 Legacy
00:35:59 5 Visions
00:39:56 6 Alleged relics
00:42:00 7 Revisionist theories
00:42:29 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Joan of Arc (French: Jeanne d'Arc; French pronunciation: [ʒan daʁk]; 6 January c. 1412 – 30 May 1431), nicknamed The Maid of Orléans (French: La Pucelle d'Orléans), is considered a heroine of France for her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War, and was canonized as a Roman Catholic saint. She was born to Jacques d'Arc and Isabelle Romée, a peasant family, at Domrémy in north-east France. Joan claimed to have received visions of the Archangel Michael, Saint Margaret, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria instructing her to support Charles VII and recover France from English domination late in the Hundred Years' War. The uncrowned King Charles VII sent Joan to the siege of Orléans as part of a relief mission. She gained prominence after the siege was lifted only nine days later. Several additional swift victories led to Charles VII's coronation at Reims. This long-awaited event boosted French morale and paved the way for the final French victory.
On 23 May 1430, she was captured at Compiègne by the Burgundian faction, a group of French nobles allied with the English. She was later handed over to the English and put on trial by the pro-English bishop Pierre Cauchon on a variety of charges. After Cauchon declared her guilty she was burned at the stake on 30 May 1431, dying at about nineteen years of age.In 1456, an inquisitorial court authorized by Pope Callixtus III examined the trial, debunked the charges against her, pronounced her innocent, and declared her a martyr. In the 16th century she became a symbol of the Catholic League, and in 1803 she was declared a national symbol of France by the decision of Napoleon Bonaparte. She was beatified in 1909 and canonized in 1920. Joan of Arc is one of the nine secondary patron saints of France, along with Saint Denis, Saint Martin of Tours, Saint Louis, Saint Michael, Saint Rémi, Saint Petronilla, Saint Radegund and Saint Thérèse of Lisieux.
Joan of Arc has remained a popular figure in literature, painting, sculpture, and other cultural works since the time of her death, and many famous writers, playwrights, filmmakers, artists, and composers have created, and continue to create, cultural depictions of her.
Lord Blackwood and the Land of the Unclean - SCP-093 and SCP-1867 SCP Tale
Lord Blackwood (SCP-1867) explores the Red Sea Object (SCP-093) world, and discovers things are much more sinister than they appear! Enjoy this SCP Foundation tale!
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SCP-093 Red Sea Object
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History of alcoholic beverages | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of alcoholic beverages
00:00:22 1 Archaeological record
00:03:21 2 Ancient period
00:03:30 2.1 Ancient China
00:06:02 2.2 Ancient Persia (or Ancient Iran)
00:06:53 2.3 Ancient Egypt
00:09:27 2.4 Ancient Babylon
00:10:08 2.5 Ancient India
00:12:02 2.6 Ancient Greece
00:14:50 2.7 Pre-Columbian America
00:18:34 2.8 Ancient Rome
00:20:38 2.9 Ancient Sub-Saharan Africa
00:21:05 3 Medieval period
00:21:15 3.1 Medieval Middle East
00:22:18 3.2 Medieval China and Medieval India
00:22:50 3.3 Medieval Europe
00:24:47 4 Modern period
00:24:56 4.1 Early modern period
00:32:57 4.2 The Thirteen Colonies
00:35:57 4.3 The United States of America
00:37:24 5 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Purposeful production of alcoholic drinks is common and often reflects cultural and religious peculiarities as much as geographical and sociological conditions.
Discovery of late Stone Age jugs suggest that intentionally fermented beverages existed at least as early as the Neolithic period (c. 10000 BC).
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Auburn Coach Wife Kristi Malzahn Agrees with Match & eHarmony: Men are Jerks
My advice is this: Settle! That's right. Don't worry about passion or intense connection. Don't nix a guy based on his annoying habit of yelling Bravo! in movie theaters. Overlook his halitosis or abysmal sense of aesthetics. Because if you want to have the infrastructure in place to have a family, settling is the way to go. Based on my observations, in fact, settling will probably make you happier in the long run, since many of those who marry with great expectations become more disillusioned with each passing year. (It's hard to maintain that level of zing when the conversation morphs into discussions about who's changing the diapers or balancing the checkbook.)
Obviously, I wasn't always an advocate of settling. In fact, it took not settling to make me realize that settling is the better option, and even though settling is a rampant phenomenon, talking about it in a positive light makes people profoundly uncomfortable. Whenever I make the case for settling, people look at me with creased brows of disapproval or frowns of disappointment, the way a child might look at an older sibling who just informed her that Jerry's Kids aren't going to walk, even if you send them money. It's not only politically incorrect to get behind settling, it's downright un-American. Our culture tells us to keep our eyes on the prize (while our mothers, who know better, tell us not to be so picky), and the theme of holding out for true love (whatever that is—look at the divorce rate) permeates our collective mentality.
Even situation comedies, starting in the 1970s with The Mary Tyler Moore Show and going all the way to Friends, feature endearing single women in the dating trenches, and there's supposed to be something romantic and even heroic about their search for true love. Of course, the crucial difference is that, whereas the earlier series begins after Mary has been jilted by her fiancé, the more modern-day Friends opens as Rachel Green leaves her nice-guy orthodontist fiancé at the altar simply because she isn't feeling it. But either way, in episode after episode, as both women continue to be unlucky in love, settling starts to look pretty darn appealing. Mary is supposed to be contentedly independent and fulfilled by her newsroom family, but in fact her life seems lonely. Are we to assume that at the end of the series, Mary, by then in her late 30s, found her soul mate after the lights in the newsroom went out and her work family was disbanded? If her experience was anything like mine or that of my single friends, it's unlikely.
And while Rachel and her supposed soul mate, Ross, finally get together (for the umpteenth time) in the finale of Friends, do we feel confident that she'll be happier with Ross than she would have been had she settled down with Barry, the orthodontist, 10 years earlier? She and Ross have passion but have never had long-term stability, and the fireworks she experiences with him but not with Barry might actually turn out to be a liability, given how many times their relationship has already gone up in flames. It's equally questionable whether Sex and the City's Carrie Bradshaw, who cheated on her kindhearted and generous boyfriend, Aidan, only to end up with the more exciting but self-absorbed Mr. Big, will be better off in the framework of marriage and family. (Some time after the breakup, when Carrie ran into Aidan on the street, he was carrying his infant in a Baby Björn. Can anyone imagine Mr. Big walking around with a Björn?)