How Ethiopia Beat Colonialism | The Life & Times of Menelik II
But even before Italy got served at the Battle of Adwa, Menelik was a busy guy. Did anyone else know Ethiopia had its own Warring States period (Era of Princes / Zemene Mesafint)? Because I certainly didn't. And the fact that Tewodros did the initial unifying, was briefly succeeded by Yohanes IV, and only then Menelik took charge, I feel like Menelik's basically the Ethiopian version of Tokugawa Ieyasu. And what's up with this whole Solomonic dynasty?
Anyway, if you're looking for more, here's the Project Africa playlist:
And here's another cool video on Ethiopia by Epimetheus:
Footnotes:
0:26 - Considering I've seen it written as Shoa in older sources, I'm 95% sure I mispronounced Shewa throughout this entire video
0:59 - In case you're wondering, the video on Menelik's TV is made by Bernadette Banner and can be found here:
1:10 - Using the Ethiopian terms, Menelik's Uncle Haile Mikael was made Shum of Shewa by Tewodros, whereas Menelik's father was Negus. Most other governors had the title of Ras.
1:21 - Tewodros' ginormous mortar was named Sebastopol and was even larger than shown here. The original is half-buried at Amba Mariam new his fortress capital of Magdala (the place where Tewodros killed himself following a defeat against the British) the replica used in the video is at the center of Tewodros Square in Addis Ababa
1:32 - More than Menelik's family, the nobles of Shewa who were upset at a non-royal being promoted abovethem were largely responsible for Menelik's return. The woman here is representing Queen Worqitu of Wollo
1:43 - If that's not the most magnificent crown you've ever laid eyes on, I don't know what is
1:50 - The audio coming from Menelik's off-screen TV is a celebration of Ethiopian New Year's
1:58 - Tewodros imprisoned a few British missionaries and representatives, which led to the British attacking Ethiopia and Tewodros' death. At some point after the battle someone must have thought it was a good idea to save some of his hair for posterity, because it ended up the National Army Museum in London until earlier this year when it was returned to Ethiopia
2:04 - The next guy here is Yohannes IV. There was actually a third guy in between Yohannes and Tewodros, but he isn't particularly noteworthy, only reigning for 3 years and without much control over the empire due to having several rivals
2:20 - The story also goes that Solomon's son with the Ethiopian Queen of Sheba, named Menelik I, ran off with the Ark of the Covenant. So it allegedly resides now in a church in the small city of Axum.
2:51 - Admittedly, many of those 5 million people who died over the course of 30 years did so as a result of the ensuing famine, but mass killings by the military were not uncommon
4:27 - Untitled Goose Game is going to date this episode, I can tell
4:31 - That currency being the Ethiopian Birr, which is now Ethiopia's official currency
4:36 - One of his wives as in he married and divorced several times, not as in a harem
Music:
0:00 Gétatchèw Mèkurya - Akalé Wubé
0:07 No clue, ask Cogito
0:20 Ethiopian Classical Music - Instrumental unknown title/composer
2:10 Michael Levy - Holy of Holies
2:25 Ethiopian Classical Music - Instrumental unknown title/composer
2:30 Noisestorm - Crab Rave
2:32 Ethiopian Classical Music - Instrumental unknown title/composer
3:12 Rachmaninoff - Prelude in G Minor (Op. 23 No. 5)
3:50 Blind Guardian - Battlefield (8 bit cover by YT channel Epic-NES-MEtal)
4:06 Gétatchèw Mèkurya - Akalé Wubé
4:44 Ethiopian National Anthem
4:53 Ethiopian Classical Music - Instrumental unknown title/composer
Addis Ababa light train from Menelik II square
Addis ababa light train ride Menelik (Minelik or Minilik) II Square to Atikilt tera.
More descreption from Wikipedia is given below
Addis Ababa Light Rail (Amharic: የአዲስ አበባ ቀላል ባቡር) is a light rail transportation system inAddis Ababa, Ethiopia. A 17-kilometre (11 mi) line running from the city centre to industrial areas in the south of the city opened on 20 September 2015. Service began on 9 November 2015 for the second line (west-east). The total length of both lines is 31.6 kilometres (19.6 mi), with 39 stations. Trains are expected to be able to reach maximum speeds of 70 km/h (43 mph).[9]
The railway was contracted by the China Railway Group Limited. The Ethiopian Railways Corporation began construction of the double track electrified light rail transit project in December 2011 after securing funds from the Export-Import Bank of China. Trial operations were begun on 1 February 2015, with several months of testing following that. It is operated by the Shenzhen Metro Group.
This light-rail system was the first to be built in sub-saharan Africa. Of the two line rail lines, the east-west line extends 17.4 kilometres (10.8 mi), stretching from Ayat Village to Torhailoch, and passing through Megenagna, Meskel Square, Legehar and Mexico Square. The north-south line, which is 16.9 kilometres (10.5 mi) in length, passes through Menelik IISquare, Merkato, Lideta, Legehar, Meskel Square, Gotera and Kaliti. However, two lines have a common track of about 2.7 km. The common track is the elevated section which runs east to west across the southern edge of the CBD from Meskel Square to Mexico Square, and onwards to Lideta. Trains on the north south line are blue and white, whilst on the east west line they are green and white. The Fares cost 2-6 Ethiopian birr. Tickets are bought at orange coloured kiosks next to each station.
The final cost to build the railway was US$475m, with construction taking three years. The Addis Ababa Light Rail was originally to have a total of 41 stations on its two lines, and each train was planned have a capacity to carry 286 passengers. This will enable the light rail transit to provide a transportation service to 15,000 passengers per hour per direction(PPHPD) and 60,000 in all four directions. The railway lines have their own dedicated power grid.
Taken from
የአዲስ አበባ ነዋሪዎች በምኒልክ አደባባይ Menelik square Addis Ababa
ይህንን በመጫን ሰብስክራይብ እንድታደርጉ እና ይህንን ቪዲዮ በፌስቡካችሁ ሼር እንድታደርጉት በማክበር እንጠይቃለን::
St George FC Supporter celebrating Adwa at Menelik II square Addis Ababa
St. George FC fans celebrating Adwa, Addis Ababa
Ethiopian dance to western music Menelik square Addis Ababa
People dancing to Menelik Tikur Sew song ( by Teddy Afro ) at the 121st Adwa victory celebration at Addis Ababa Menelik square March 2017. More information about the Battle of Adwa from Wikipedia is given below.
The Battle of Adwa (Amharic:አድዋ; Amharic translated: Adowa, or sometimes by the Italian name Adua) was fought on 2 March 1896/Yekatit 23, 1889 according to Ethiopian calendar between the Ethiopian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy near the town of Adwa, Ethiopia, in Tigray. This climactic battle of the First major Italo-Ethiopian War, was a decisive defeat for Italy and secured Ethiopian sovereignty.
As the 20th century approached, Africa had been carved up among the European powers at the Berlin Conference. The two independent exceptions were the Republic of Liberia on the west coast and Ethiopia, or then still commonly known as Abyssinia, in the eastern Horn of Africa region. The newly unified Kingdom of Italy was a relative newcomer to the imperialist scramble for Africa. Italy had two recently obtained African territories: Eritrea and Italian Somalia. Both were near Ethiopia on the Horn of Africa and both were impoverished. Italy sought to improve its position in Africa by conquering Ethiopia and joining it with its two territories. Menelik II was the Ethiopian leader who pitted Italy against its European rivals while stockpiling weapons to defend Ethiopia against the Italians.
In 1889, the Italians signed the Treaty of Wuchale with then Negus Menelik of Shewa. The treaty ceded territories previously part of Ethiopia, namely the provinces of Bogos, Hamasien, Akkele Guzay, Serae, and parts of Tigray.[verification needed] In return, Italy promised Menelik's rule, financial assistance and military supplies. A dispute later arose over the interpretation of the two versions of the document. The Italian-language version of the disputed Article 17 of the treaty stated that the Emperor of Ethiopia was obliged to conduct all foreign affairs through Italian authorities. This would in effect make Ethiopia a protectorate of the Kingdom of Italy. The Amharic version of the article however stated that the Emperor could use the good offices of the Kingdom of Italy in his relations with foreign nations if he wished. However, the Italian diplomats claimed that the original Amharic text included the clause and that Menelik knowingly signed a modified copy of the Treaty.[9][unreliable source?]
The Italian government decided on a military solution to force Ethiopia to abide by the Italian version of the treaty. As a result, Italy and Ethiopia faced off in what was later to be known as the First Italo-Ethiopian War. In December 1894, Bahta Hagos led a rebellion against the Italians in Akkele Guzay, in what was then Italian controlled Eritrea. Units of General Oreste Baratieri's army under Major Pietro Toselli (it) crushed the rebellion and killed Bahta. The Italian army then occupied the Tigrayan capital, Adwa. In January 1895, Baratieri's army went on to defeat Ras Mengesha Yohannes in the Battle of Coatit, forcing Mengesha to retreat further south.
By late 1895, Italian forces had advanced deep into Ethiopian territory. On 7 December 1895, Ras ]Makonnen, Ras Welle Betul and Ras Mengesha Yohannes commanding a larger Ethiopian group of Menelik's vanguard annihilated a small Italian unit at the Battle of Amba Alagi. The Italians were then forced to withdraw to more defensible positions in Tigray, where the two main armies faced each other. By late February 1896, supplies on both sides were running low. General Oreste Baratieri, commander of the Italian forces, knew the Ethiopian forces had been living off the land, and once the supplies of the local peasants were exhausted, Emperor Menelik's army would begin to melt away. However, the Italian government insisted that General Baratieri act.
On the evening of 29 February, Baratieri, about to be replaced by a new governor, General Baldissera, met with his brigadiers Matteo Albertone, Giuseppe Arimondi, Vittorio Dabormida, and Giuseppe Ellena, concerning their next steps. He opened the meeting on a negative note, revealing to his brigadiers that provisions would be exhausted in less than five days, and suggested retreating, perhaps as far back as Asmara. His subordinates argued forcefully for an attack, insisting that to retreat at this point would only worsen the poor morale.[10] Dabormida exclaiming, Italy would prefer the loss of two or three thousand men to a dishonorable retreat. Baratieri delayed making a decision for a few more hours, claiming that he needed to wait for some last-minute intelligence, but in the end announced that the attack would start the next morning at 9:00.[11] His troops began their march to their starting positions shortly after midnight.
Menelik II
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Emperor Menelik II GCB, GCMG , baptized as Sahle Maryam , was Negus of Shewa , then Nəgusä Nägäst of Ethiopia from 1889 to his death.At the height of his internal power and external prestige, the process of territorial expansion and creation of the modern empire-state had been completed by 1898, thus restoring the ancient Ethiopian Kingdom to its glory of the Axumite Empire which was one of the four most powerful kingdoms of the ancient world.Ethiopia was transformed under Nəgusä Nägäst Menelik: the major signposts of modernization were put in place.Externally, his victory over the Italian invaders had earned him great fame: following Adwa, recognition of Ethiopia’s independence by external powers was expressed in terms of diplomatic representation at the court of Menelik and delineation of Ethiopia’s boundaries with the adjacent colonies.
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123rd Adwa Victory Celebration - Adwa 2019 at Menelik Square, Addis Ababa
123rd Adwa Victory Celebration at Menelik Square Addis Ababa
Menelik Mausoleum - Gibbi - Addis Ababa - Ethiopia - 17.06.2014
Aufgenommen am 17.06.2014 in Addis Ababa.
Das Mausoleum von Kaiser Menelik II befindet sich im Gibbi, auf einer Anhöhe von Addis Ababa, der Keimzelle der Stadtgründung mit mehreren kaiserlichen Palästen. Der überwiegende Teil des Gibbi ist leider für die Öffentlichkeit nicht zugänglich und wird argwöhnisch bewacht, da dort unter anderem der äthiopische Premierminister wohnt. Wer bei Film- oder Fotoaufnahmen erwischt wird, riskiert mindestens die Löschung des Kameraspeichers. Nur innerhalb des Mausoleums sind Aufnahmen erlaubt.
Das Bauwerk wurde unter Leitung des deutschen Baumeisters Carl Härtel von 1917 bis 1927 errichtet. In der Gruft unter dem Allerheiligsten (zentraler innerer Kubus) stehen die Sarkophage von Kaiser Menelik II, seiner Frau Taitu, seiner Tochter und Kaiserin Zewditu, der Tochter von Haile Selassie, Prinzessin Tsehai, sowie der des Erzbischofs Matewos von Addis Ababa. Erzbischof Matewos krönte Menelik einst zum Kaiser. Weiterhin befinden sich in der Gruft verschiedene kaiserliche Throne aus dem Palast sowie aus der Kirche, alte Schriften, Bilder, Kreuze, Prozessionsschirme und anderes. Im oberen Teil des Mausoleums, das heute auch als Kirche (Beata Maryam) genutzt wird, befinden sich im Kuppelbereich verschiedene Malereien des deutschen Künstlers Helmuth Eichroth. Im Einzelnen sind das die Krönung von Menelik II, die Schlacht von Adua (Sieg über die italienischen Invasoren), Besuch der Königin von Saba bei König Salomon, sowie die Schlüsselübergabe für Ras Makonnens Palast.
Mehr dazu demnächst in der Bildreportage Return To Addis bei
Menelik II King of all time
Description
The Untold Story of Adwa and Emperor Menelik II
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The Greatest Menelik II Banquet of Ethiopia በታላቁ የዳግማዊ ዐፄ ሚኒሊክ የግብር አዳራሽ ቡና ጠጡ ተብላቹሀል
Menelik II was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1889 to his death in 1913 and #Negus of #Shewa. At the height of his internal power and external prestige.
Born: August 17, 1844, #Angolalla Tera
Died: December 12, 1913, #Addis_Ababa
Place of burial: #Menelik_Palace
Spouse: #Taytu Betul (m. 1883–1913), #Befana Gatchew (m. 1865–1882), #Altash Tewodros (m. 1864–1865)
Parents: Haile Melekot, Woizero Ejigayehu
Children: Zewditu, Wossen Seged, Shoa Reggad
#Ethiopia #Palace in #AddisAbaba
Ethiopia: MUST WATCH Short historical fact about Minilik II statue. | ስለዚህ ሀውልት ይህን ያውቁ ኖሯል
Ethiopia: ምኒልክ የኔ አንተን ባየው አይኔ ፋሽሽት ለምኔ!? | Adwa Victory Celebration song dedicated to Menelik II
Streets of Addis: Menelik Statue
In the middle of Piazza square near the bus station. Got a chance to see the Menelik II statue and a few other things.
Ethiopia -- The ceremony during the return of the Statue of Abune Petros to Menelik Square
Ethiopia
The ceremony during the return of the Statue of Abune Petros to Menelik Square
The 14th Century Town, Birth Place of Emperor Menelik II
Lensonaddis presents Emperor Minilik II square music by Ejigayehu shibabawe (Gigi) sew aregenge
The legendary Emperor Menilik the second ( Atse Dagmawi Menilik ) square (17 August 1844 – 12 December 1913) one of the greatest Emperors of Ethiopia's monument standing tall
Dejach Wube to Minilik-II Square Road Project
123rd Celebration of Victory of Adwa at Emperor Minilik the second square Addis Ababa Ethiopia_7
123rd Celebration of Victory of Adwa at Emperor Minilik the second square Addis Ababa Ethiopia_9